Explaining Creativity

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Abstract Given the heightened complexity and uncertainty of world we live in, creativity, or ability to develop new effective ideas, products, solutions, has grown in societal interest internationally. There is a recognition need for creative problem solving address complex problems, thus, areas creativity studies applications have rapidly emerged. Creativity increasingly recognized as highly coveted prized skill future work life. This book builds on essential foundations research practice that were established first second editions book. It provides an up-to-date exhaustive review findings, well chapters topics not included prior books: technology, wellbeing, self-beliefs. Explaining takes interdisciplinary approach explains concepts, themes related ways are accessible students non-experts, yet thorough detailed enough be useful academics other experts. broad practical, still detailed, covers terrain landscape, investigating core aspects cognition, practice, social cultural contexts creativity.

Language: Английский

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Genetic modifiers of rare variants in monogenic developmental disorder loci

Nature Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 861 - 868

Published: April 18, 2024

Abstract Rare damaging variants in a large number of genes are known to cause monogenic developmental disorders (DDs) and have also been shown milder subclinical phenotypes population cohorts. Here, we show that carrying multiple (2−5) rare across 599 dominant DD has an additive adverse effect on numerous cognitive socioeconomic traits UK Biobank, which can be partially counterbalanced by higher educational attainment polygenic score (EA-PGS). Phenotypic deviators from expected EA-PGS could partly explained the enrichment or depletion variants. Among carriers variants, those with DD-related clinical diagnosis had substantially lower more severe phenotype than without diagnosis. Our results suggest overall burden both common modify expressivity phenotype, may then influence whether individual reaches threshold for disease.

Language: Английский

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The biological basis of intelligence: Benchmark findings

Intelligence, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93, P. 101665 - 101665

Published: June 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Neurite density but not myelination of specific fiber tracts links polygenic scores to general intelligence

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Abstract White matter is fundamental for efficient and accurate information transfer throughout the human brain thus crucial intelligence. Previous studies often demonstrated associations between fractional anisotropy (FA) as a metric of white “microstructural integrity” intelligence, but it still unclear, whether this relation due to greater axon density, parallel, homogenous fiber orientation distributions, or myelination since all these measures influence FA. Using neurite dispersion density imaging (NODDI) myelin water fraction (MWF) data, we analyzed microstructural architecture intelligence in more detail sample 500 healthy young adults. Furthermore, were interested specific indices play intermediary roles pathway that links genetic disposition phenotype. Thus, conducted first time mediation analyses investigating (NDI), (ODI), MWF 64 tracts mediate effects polygenic scores (PGS GI ) on general By doing so, showed NDI, not ODI was significantly associated with NDI six mediated variability g . These findings are step forward decoding neurogenetic underpinnings they identify relates variation , whereas did not.

Language: Английский

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Causal Relationship Between Intelligence, Noncognitive Education, Cognition and Urinary Tract or Kidney Infection: A Mendelian Randomization Study

International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 71 - 85

Published: March 1, 2025

Background: The occurrence of urinary tract or kidney infection is correlated with intelligence, noncognitive education and cognition, but the causal relationship between them remains uncertain, which risk factors mediate this unknown. Methods: intelligence (n=269,867), (n=510,795) cognition data (n=257,700) were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted in individuals European ethnicities. genetic associations these (UK Biobank, n=397,867) analyzed using linkage disequilibrium score regression. We employed a two-sample univariate multivariate Mendelian randomization to evaluate relationship, utilized two-step examine involvement 28 potential mediators their respective mediating proportions. Results: correlation coefficients education, − 0.338, 0.218, 0.330. inverse variance weighted method revealed each 1-SD increase decreased by 15.9%, while after adjusting for 20%. For 8%, further reduced 7.1% 6.7% cognition. 10.8%, increasing 11.9% education. effects are interdependent. 2 out exhibited significant mediation infection, body mass index accounting 12.1% effect smoking initiation 14.7%. Conclusion: Enhancing can mitigate susceptibility infection. Noncognitive independent effect, assuming role. Keywords: analyses, randomization,

Language: Английский

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Intergenerational transmission of attachment: The role of intelligence

JCPP Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2025

Abstract Background In their recent paper, Del Giudice and Haltigan argue that attachment in childhood representations adulthood are influenced by the cognitive capabilities of children parents, would causally link parents' states mind to children's attachment. current pre‐registered study, we empirically explored idea an association between cognition using phenotypic child IQ parent IQ‐related polygenic scores as predictors behavior representations. Methods We used data from Leiden Consortium on Individual Development study (L‐CID, n = 992), a two‐cohort longitudinal twin which were measured parents 9‐year‐old Attachment Script Assessment (ASA). Polygenic computed for PRSice‐2 was well. split sample two groups randomly prevent non‐independence conducted structural equation models. Results Neither parental nor predicted one cohort, phenotypically Conclusions This preliminary did not find convincing support role intergenerational transmission

Language: Английский

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The sexual brain, genes, and cognition: A machine‐predicted brain sex score explains individual differences in cognitive intelligence and genetic influence in young children

Human Brain Mapping, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(12), P. 3857 - 3872

Published: April 26, 2022

Abstract Sex impacts the development of brain and cognition differently across individuals. However, literature on sex dimorphism in humans is mixed. We aim to investigate biological underpinnings individual variability sexual its impact cognitive performance. To this end, we tested whether difference would be linked that performance influenced by genetic factors prepubertal children ( N = 9,658, ages 9–10 years old; Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study). capture interindividual brain, estimated probability being male or female based morphometry connectivity features using machine learning (herein called a score). The models accurately classified with test ROC–AUC 93.32%. As result, greater score correlated significantly intelligence p fdr < .001, .011–.034; adjusted for covariates) higher genome‐wide polygenic scores (GPSs) .005). Structural equation revealed GPS‐intelligence association was modulated score, such maleness (or lower femaleness score) mediated positive GPS effect (indirect effects .006–.009; .002–.022; sex‐stratified analysis). finding modulatory gene–brain–cognition relationship presents likely pathway differences preadolescence.

Language: Английский

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Robust associations between white matter microstructure and general intelligence

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(11), P. 6723 - 6741

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract Few tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies have investigated the relations between intelligence and white matter microstructure in healthy (young) adults, those yielded mixed observations, yet is fundamental for efficient accurate information transfer throughout human brain. We used a multicenter approach to identify regions that show replicable structure–function associations, employing data from 4 independent samples comprising over 2000 participants. TBSS indicated 188 voxels exhibited significant positive associations g factor scores fractional anisotropy (FA) all sets. Replicable formed 3 clusters, located around left-hemispheric forceps minor, superior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum–cingulate gyrus with extensions into their surrounding areas (anterior thalamic radiation, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus). Our results suggested individual differences general are robustly associated FA specific fiber bundles distributed across brain, consistent Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory of intelligence. Three possible reasons higher values might create links faster processing due greater myelination, more direct parallel, homogenous orientation distributions, or parallel axon density.

Language: Английский

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Intelligence Polygenic Score Is More Predictive of Crystallized Measures: Evidence From the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study

Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 714 - 725

Published: May 5, 2023

Findings in adults have shown that crystallized measures of intelligence, which are more culturally sensitive than fluid intelligence measures, greater heritability; however, these results not been found children. The present study used data from 8,518 participants between 9 and 11 years old the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. We polygenic predictors test performance (based on genome-wide association meta-analyses 269,867 individuals) educational attainment 1.1 million predicted neurocognitive performance. were strongly associated with both measures. This mirrored heritability differences reported previously suggests similar associations may be consistent a prominent role gene–environment correlation cognitive development measured by tests. Environmental experiential mediators represent malleable targets for improving outcomes.

Language: Английский

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DNA and IQ: Big deal or much ado about nothing? – A meta-analysis

Intelligence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 107, P. 101871 - 101871

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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