The Vital Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in the Neuroprotection and Retardation of Brain Aging

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 5122 - 5122

Published: May 8, 2024

While primarily produced in the pineal gland, melatonin's influence goes beyond its well-known role regulating sleep, nighttime metabolism, and circadian rhythms, field of chronobiology. A plethora new data demonstrates melatonin to be a very powerful molecule, being potent ROS/RNS scavenger with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, oncostatic properties. Melatonin metabolites exert multiple beneficial effects cutaneous systemic aging. This review is focused on neuroprotective during has an anti-aging capacity, retarding rate healthy brain aging development age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral etc. Melatonin, well metabolites, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), can reduce oxidative damage by shielding mitochondria from dysfunction process. could also implicated treatment conditions, modifying their characteristic low-grade neuroinflammation. It either prevent initiation inflammatory responses or attenuate ongoing inflammation. Drawing current knowledge, this discusses potential benefits supplementation preventing managing cognitive impairment diseases.

Language: Английский

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Dysfunctional mitochondria in age-related neurodegeneration: Utility of melatonin as an antioxidant treatment

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 101, P. 102480 - 102480

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

Mitochondria functionally degrade as neurons age. Degenerative changes cause inefficient oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and elevated electron leakage from the transport chain (ETC) promoting increased intramitochondrial generation of damaging reactive oxygen nitrogen species (ROS RNS). The associated progressive accumulation molecular damage causes an increasingly rapid decline in mitochondrial physiology contributing to aging. Melatonin, a multifunctional free radical scavenger indirect antioxidant, is synthesized matrix neurons. Melatonin reduces ETC elevates ATP production; it also detoxifies ROS/RNS via SIRT3/FOXO pathway upregulates activities superoxide dismutase 2 glutathione peroxidase. influences glucose processing by In neurogenerative diseases, often adopt Warburg-type metabolism which excludes pyruvate mitochondria causing reduced acetyl coenzyme A production. Acetyl supports citric acid cycle OXPHOS. Additionally, required co-substrate for arylalkylamine-N-acetyl transferase, rate limits melatonin synthesis; therefore, production diminished cells that experience making more vulnerable stress. Moreover, endogenously produced diminishes during aging, further increasing components. More normal preserved aging with supplementation.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin and the Skin: Current Progress and Perspectives for Human Health

Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sleep, Glial Function, and the Endocannabinoid System: Implications for Neuroinflammation and Sleep Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3160 - 3160

Published: March 9, 2024

The relationship between sleep, glial cells, and the endocannabinoid system represents a multifaceted regulatory network with profound implications for neuroinflammation cognitive function. molecular underpinnings of sleep modulation by its influence on cell activity are discussed, shedding light reciprocal relationships that govern these processes. Emphasis is placed understanding role cells in mediating neuroinflammatory responses their patterns. Additionally, this review examines how interfaces glia-immune signaling to regulate inflammatory cascades within central nervous system. Notably, consequences disrupted neuroinflammation, dysfunction addressed, encompassing neurodegenerative disorders, mood disturbances, decline. Insights into bidirectional function context explored, providing comprehensive perspective potential mechanisms underlying impairments associated disturbances. Furthermore, therapeutic avenues targeting mitigate restore homeostasis, normalize identification novel targets intricate holds promise addressing conditions characterized dysfunction. This work aims examine complexities neural regulation identify intervention.

Language: Английский

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Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with circadian syndrome: evidence from NHANES

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

The Circadian Syndrome (CircS) has been linked to various chronic diseases. However, the relationship between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and CircS remained unexplored. This study aimed investigate potential association CDAI CircS. Cross-sectional analyses were based on National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018. Dietary consumption was assessed via 24-h diet recall method computed following a validated approach involving six antioxidants. defined metabolic syndrome components, supplemented by short sleep duration depressive symptoms. examined using weighted multivariable logistic regression subgroup analyses. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) employed nonlinear correlations. Among 11,048 subjects included (mean age 47.57 years), 2,733 (weighted prevalence = 22.13%) reported have Logistic revealed that highest quartile of inversely associated with risk {odds ratio (OR) [95% CI 0.69 (0.55-0.87)]} depression [OR 0.59 (0.48-0.72)], 0.54 (0.41-0.70)], elevated fasting glucose 0.80 (0.65-0.98)], triglycerides (TG) 0.74 (0.59-0.92)], waist circumference 0.65, (0.52-0.80)] reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 0.75 (0.61-0.92)], respectively. A dose-response gradient in odds components noted as levels increased, particularly duration. RCS showed non-linear CircS, U-shaped correlation found Zinc (inflection point 12.63). Subgroup analysis BMI modified inverse (p for interaction 0.003). negative risk, observed Obese individuals might not benefit from excessively high CDAI. results suggest higher score correlated decreased

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of melatonin treatment in a cystic fibrosis mouse model of airway infection

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Approaches to mitigate the severity of infections and immune responses are still needed for treatment cystic fibrosis (CF) even with success highly effective modulator therapies. Previous studies identified reduced levels melatonin in a CF mouse model related circadian rhythm dysregulation. Melatonin is known have immunomodulatory properties it was hypothesized that would improve bacterial infection mice. Data demonstrate mice (G542X/G542X) treated (10 µg/mL) drinking water 10 weeks had improved airway clinical isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Melatonin-treated exhibited clearance, inflammatory markers. Mice 1 week clearance but no improvement inflammation. Wild type (WT) control showed response suggesting eliciting CF-specific this model. The efficacy direct (1 µM) airways also tested found be ineffective. In conclusion, long-term systemic an therapy normalizes WT pattern.

Language: Английский

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Composition of food supplements containing melatonin available in Portugal

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Melatonin straddles the boundary between food supplements and medicine. In Portugal, its classification is contingent upon a critical dosage threshold of 2 mg. This study aimed to detail composition melatonin-containing supplements, available in Portugal based on their labels, report number potential intoxications. Data was collected from 44 difference active ingredients revealed towards 16 approved medicines. melatonin intoxication cases 2018 2022 were obtained Portuguese Poisons Information Center (CIAV). tablets, capsules, gummies, powders, or sprays, exhibited recommended daily dose ranging 1 1.95 Only 20% contained alone, while majority included plant extracts vitamins. The absence clinical studies supporting efficacy combined with these formulations raises concerns about evidence-based effectiveness. Medicines contain 3 mg per tablet, either immediate modified release. occurs mainly children, higher prevalence first year life age four. Food containing should be more carefully studied, including adverse effects.

Language: Английский

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Sleep characteristics and intervertebral disc degeneration risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study

European Spine Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Language: Английский

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Metabolomic Insights into Methamphetamine Exposure: 1H-NMR-Based Urinary Biomarker Identification and Pathway Disruption

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111449 - 111449

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Protective effects of melatonin against 5-fluorouracil-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: A comprehensive evaluation of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 117343 - 117343

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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