Risk of Serious Bacterial and Non‐Bacterial Infections in People With MASLD

Liver International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(4)

Published: March 12, 2025

ABSTRACT Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic globally. MASLD is a multisystem where metabolic dysfunction plays key role in development of and its relevant liver‐related morbidities extrahepatic complications, such as cardiovascular disease, kidney certain types cancers. Among least examined MASLD‐related an ever‐increasing number observational studies have reported positive association between risk serious bacterial infections (SBI) requiring hospital admission. This remained significant those statistical analysis was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, obesity, type 2 diabetes other comorbidities. Notably, incidence rates SBI were further increased with more advanced MASLD, especially patients cirrhosis, also observed some acute viral infections, including SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, leading to severe COVID‐19. In this narrative review article, we provide overview literature on (a) recent epidemiological data linking non‐bacterial admission, (b) putative underlying mechanisms through which may increase susceptibility both directly immune associated cirrhosis portal hypertension, (c) practical clinical implications growing global population MASLD.

Language: Английский

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Dual etiology vs. MetALD: how MAFLD and MASLD address liver diseases coexistence

Metabolism and Target Organ Damage, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: March 27, 2025

Fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction has emerged as a significant global health challenge. This condition often coexists other diseases, such alcohol-related and viral hepatitis, complicating both diagnosis management. To address the limitations of non-alcoholic fatty (NAFLD) classification, two alternative frameworks have been proposed: dysfunction-associated (MAFLD) in 2020 steatotic (MASLD) 2023. A key difference between these definitions is how they consider relation to coexistence conditions. MAFLD adopts dual etiology concept, creating unified classification system that aligns contemporary clinical epidemiological needs. In contrast, MASLD introduces new term, MetALD (metabolic alcohol-related/associated disease), describe patients who excessive alcohol intake. review critically examines clinical, research, implications differing approaches MASLD, offering insights into their potential enhance understanding management multi-etiology diseases.

Language: Английский

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Why MASLD Lags Behind MAFLD: A Critical Analysis of Diagnostic Criteria Evolution in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Diseases

Medical Science Monitor, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30

Published: July 1, 2024

Emerging in the 1800s under label "fat liver" and later gaining prominence 1980 as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), predominantly attributed to metabolic dysfunction presents a formidable health issue marked by substantial morbidity mortality. It was 2020 when change of one letter "NAFLD" dysfunction-associated "MAFLD" linked with definition diagnostic criteria began new controversy around globe. Metabolic (MAFLD) represent departure from previous measures NAFLD, provide first set positive for diagnosis adults children that emphasise key attribute pathogenesis, acknowledges is continuum across life span. In 2023, an adapted version MAFLD proposed define slightly modified term; steatotic (MASLD). The MASLD did not any conceptual advantage, emerging evidence suggests it actually performs worse than criteria. This raises intriguing question why unable take advantage being second? this review, we will explore possible reasons unique case highlight current supporting use instead defining diseases.

Language: Английский

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Clinical features and mortality outcomes of patients with MASLD only compared to those with MAFLD and MASLD

Hepatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 1731 - 1739

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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The MAFLD definition identifies three homogenous groups of patients

Liver International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

We read with interest the recent study by Petrie et al highlighting some of caveats newly proposed steatotic liver disease.1 Fatty disease caused metabolic dysfunction is a leading cause chronic and characterized substantial heterogeneity that determines various outcomes disease. Two distinct definitions fatty associated have emerged: dysfunction-associated (MAFLD) (MASLD).1, 2 The MASLD criteria require presence hepatic steatosis at least one determined cardiometabolic risk factors. While MAFLD definition not only requires evidence but also classifies patients into three groups—diabetic, overweight/obese lean based on dysfunction. This classification aims to define clinically homogenous groups subjects. To assess utility this differential approach, data from Third National Health Nutrition Examination Survey III 1988–1994 were investigated. Among non-pregnant adults aged between 20 74 years, 6294 individuals excessive alcohol use (for men >210 g/week [>30 g/day] or females >140 [>20 g/day]), positive Hepatitis B surface antigen, C antibody, missing body mass index fasting glucose excluded. Finally, 7562 adult included categorized 4 groups: No (69.5%, n = 5254), MAFLD-overweight/obese (24.1%, 1820), MAFLD-diabetes (3.6%, 273) MAFLD-lean (2.8%, 215). comparison clinical biochemical features among four subgroups presented in Table 1. Distinct characteristics observed. these differences, group shows highest FIB-4 index, followed then MAFLD-overweight/obese. Subsequently, we investigated groups. Over period 26.8 years (with interquartile range 22.7–28.8 years), there total 2566 all-cause deaths 859 specifically related cardiovascular events. Compared MAFLD-diabetes, participants (HR: .64; 95% CI: .51–.80; p < .001) showed lower mortality .38; .32–.44; (Figure 1A). Similar trends observed cumulative (CVD)-related mortality, risks .42, .28–.63; .25, .19–.32; 1B). In conclusion, effectively identifies well-characterized patients. These findings, along studies support identifying extrahepatic further underscore appropriateness practice.3-5 ME supported Medical Research Council Australia (NHMRC) Program Grant (APP1053206) Project ideas grants (APP2001692, APP1107178 APP1108422). authors do any disclosures report. Data sharing applicable article as no datasets generated analysed during study.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease metrics and contributions to liver research

Hepatology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 16, 2024

Abstract Background The international consensus to revise non-alcoholic fatty liver disease metabolic (dysfunction)-associated (MAFLD) in 2020 attracted significant attention. impact of the MAFLD definition on research community has not been objectively assessed. We conducted an analysis systematically collected literature understand its impact. Methods From PubMed, Web Science, and Scopus, adopting MAFLD, written English, published from 10 October 2023 was collected. publication metrics, including counts, publishing journals, author countries, keywords, citation information, were analyzed evaluate key topics MAFLD. Results 1469 MAFLD-related papers 434 journals with a steady increase number. intense citations activity indicates large redefinition. Topic assessment keyword revealed transition proposal discussion redefinition clinical characterization focus dysfunction. Moreover, diagnostic criteria for showed better performance predicting hepatic extrahepatic outcomes compared NAFLD. publications 99 countries evidence strong regional global collaboration. Multiple societies stakeholders have endorsed utility practice, improving patient management promoting multidisciplinary care, while alleviating stigma. Conclusion This survey provides quantitative measure considerable contributions towards as part spectrum cardiometabolic disorders.

Language: Английский

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Energy metabolism: an emerging therapeutic frontier in liver fibrosis

Annals of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101896 - 101896

Published: March 1, 2025

Liver fibrosis is a progressive response to chronic liver diseases characterized by wound-healing process that leads the accumulation of fibrillary extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in and around tissue. If left untreated, can advance cirrhosis ultimately result failure. Although there have been significant advancements understanding molecular mechanisms involved fibrosis, effective therapeutic strategies reverse or halt condition remain limited. Recent research has underscored critical role energy metabolism initiation progression fibrosis. In injury, hepatic cells undergo metabolic reprogramming meet demands myofibroblasts. This involves various changes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations cellular bioenergetics, shifts glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation, as well changes lipid metabolism. These modifications disrupt homeostasis increase release, activating cells, primarily stellate (HSCs). Activated HSCs then stimulate fibrogenic pathways, leading ECM liver, which exacerbates review aims explore emerging connection between focusing on drive this condition. We also examine implications modulating reduce release mitigate Altering decrease may represent promising approach for treating diseases.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic dysfunction and Kidney Disease Risk in Individuals with MAFLD

Annals of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101910 - 101910

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Frequency and risk factors of metabolic associated fatty liver disease among medical students in Egypt

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 18, 2025

Abstract Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a growing global concern. This study assessed the frequency of hepatic steatosis and MAFLD, alongside their risk factors, among medical students at Suez University, Egypt. A cross-sectional was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023 84 aged ≥ 18 years. Data on anthropometric parameters, body composition, lifestyle were collected through self-administered questionnaires, InBody analysis, FibroScan. MAFLD diagnosis required (≥ 238 dB/m) with obesity, metabolic dysfunction, or both. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, ANOVA, logistic regression. Hepatic present in 25% participants, while 13.1%. Participants exhibited higher weight (82.34 ± 10.78 kg vs. 65.84 10.61 kg, p < 0.001), BMI (29.05 3.66 22.90 3.23 kg/m 2 , waist circumference (88.73 8.73 cm 78.10 7.96 cm, BMR (1566.09 27.37 1429.86 93.44 kcal/day, fat mass (32.74 7.25% 23.91 8.60%, 0.001). Binary regression analysis revealed increased weight, BMI, circumference, as significant factors for MAFLD. An elevated percentage reduced muscle highlighted sarcopenic obesity role progression. Extreme reduction can exacerbate accumulation. Poor sleep quality, sedentary lifestyle, an unhealthy diet are also predictors. The widespread highlights pressing need tackle this silent epidemic young Egyptian adults.

Language: Английский

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MAFLD vs. MASLD: a year in review

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 12

Published: April 12, 2025

In 2023, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was introduced following fatty (MAFLD). Both aim to address the limitations of nonalcoholic (NAFLD). This review analyzes similarities and differences between MAFLD MASLD, focusing on their impacts epidemiology, diagnosis, stigma, related diseases. Current evidence suggests that criteria effectively identify individuals at higher risk through a good balance sensitivity specificity. Moreover, is more generalizable term easily understood globally. The transition from NAFLD MASLD marks significant advance in understanding within hepatology. identifies homogeneous cohort patients with due dysfunction provides valuable framework for holistic, patient-centered management strategies consider various contributing factors improve health outcomes.

Language: Английский

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