PCSK9 and APOA4: The Dynamic Duo in TMAO-induced Cholesterol Metabolism and Cholelithiasis

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 000(000), P. 000 - 000

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Background and AimsCholesterol synthesis gallstone formation are promoted by trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a derivative of trimethylamine, which is metabolite gut microbiota. However, the underlying mechanisms TMAO-induced lithogenesis remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to explore specific molecular through TMAO promotes formation.

Language: Английский

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Gallstones in the Era of Metabolic Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Risk Prediction, and Management

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Gallstone disease (GSD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are increasingly prevalent conditions with significant global health implications. Recent evidence highlights a strong epidemiological association between these disorders, driven by shared pathophysiological mechanisms. This review provides comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship MetS GSD, focusing on role insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, gut microbiota dysbiosis in gallstone formation. An integrated model is proposed, linking disturbances to bile cholesterol supersaturation, gallbladder dysmotility, chronic inflammation. The also explores clinical implications, including risk prediction models based parameters, early detection biomarkers, targeted interventions such as lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, microbiome modulation. By addressing underpinnings this synthesis offers foundation for developing preventive therapeutic strategies mitigate burden interconnected conditions. Future research directions outlined refine mechanistic insights improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Formation of non-cholesterol gallstones in populations within clonorchiasis endemic regions is closely related to Clonorchis sinensis infection

BMC Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 8, 2025

Numerous risk factors are linked to gallbladder stone disease (GBSD). Nonetheless, the relationship between Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) and this condition remains be clarified. The antibody against C. in serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol levels were investigated 220 patients with GBSD 251 controls. Bile components analysed polyps (GP, n = 18), gallstones (GS, 265), GS combined infection (GSI, 243). Additionally, ejection fraction (%E), residual volume (RGV) at 1 h after a fatty meal, fasting (FGV) compared among GP (n 43), 311), GSI 277) groups. results indicated positive (OR: 1.759, 95% CI: 1.163-2.662) hyperglycaemia (glucose concentration ≥ 6.10 mmol/L, OR: 2.263, 1.227-4.172) for GBSD. There more non-cholesterol stones (216/241, 89.6%) than (137/281, 48.8%) (P < 0.0001). Microscopic observations revealed that mucus containing glycogen coated eggs proportion of dead gradually increased bile, sediment, alongside rising calcium salt content. Total bile acid concentrations lower or 0.05). Moreover, FGV RGV decreased %E observed 0.001). formation populations residing endemic areas is related deposition, death, calcification gallbladder, changes components, motility caused by infection.

Language: Английский

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Pathogenic and Harmful Bacteria in Dairy Technology: Genomic Characterization and Its Correlation with Physicochemical Parameters of Sheep’s Cheese Sold in Southern Brazil

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 397 - 397

Published: July 31, 2024

The distinct microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of sheep milk enable the production cheeses with unique organoleptic properties. scenario in Brazil is still uncertain, lacking data regulations. This study aims to characterize diversity bacterial groups potential pathogenic and/or harmful properties technology correlate presence these bacteria cheese. Additionally, it investigates virulence genes, resistance toxins reference genomes. main steps were (a) sample preparation fractionation; (b) analysis; (c) analysis free fatty acids profile by GC-FID; (d) volatile compounds GC-MS; (e) molecular analysis—Next Generation Sequencing 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region); (f) silico analysis—Genomics. A total 1,061,392 sequences identified, corresponding 45 genera 57 species. Of abundance, 95.7% considered beneficial, while 3.9% classified as (BPP) (BHMT). Five phyla identified: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus stood out BPP BHMT groups, showing higher abundance. Alpha cheese samples showed that origin significantly influences richness, evenness, abundance Some parameters, acids, organic a negative correlation Staphylococcus. Reference genomes two species exhibited number genes. reinforces need monitor lesser relevance prevent transmission, through food, potentially resistant virulent pathogens.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbial physiology and gallstone formation

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107 - 116

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Campylobacter cholecystitis and bacteraemia caused by Campylobacter jejuni in a child

Tropical Doctor, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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