The distribution of global tidal marshes from Earth observation data

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(8)

Published: May 9, 2024

Abstract Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes tidal extent, identify opportunities for conservation restoration, it is critical develop spatial base occurrence. Here, we globally consistent map year 2020 at 10‐m resolution. Location Global. Time period 2020. Major taxa studied marshes. Methods location world's marshes resolution, applied random forest classification model Earth observation data from We trained with reference dataset developed support mapping coastal ecosystems, predicted between 60° N S. validated using standard accuracy assessment methods, final having an overall score 0.85. Results estimate extent be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 59,780 ) distributed across 120 countries territories. centred temperate Arctic regions, nearly half occurring Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At national scale, over third (18,510 ; 11,200–20,900) occurs within USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides most detailed on date shows that occur more greater proportion coastline than previous studies. fills major gap regarding baseline needed measuring estimating value terms ecosystem services.

Language: Английский

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Responses of Coastal Wetlands to Rising Sea-Level Revisited: The Importance of Organic Production

Estuaries and Coasts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(7), P. 1735 - 1749

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract A network of 15 Surface Elevation Tables (SETs) at North Inlet estuary, South Carolina, has been monitored on annual or monthly time scales beginning from 1990 to 1996 and continuing through 2022. Of 73 series in control plots, 12 had elevation gains equal exceeding the local rate sea-level rise (SLR, 0.34 cm/year). Rising marsh is dominated by organic production and, we hypothesize, proportional net ecosystem production. The gain was 0.47 cm/year plots experimentally fertilized for 10 years with N&P compared nearby that have gained 0.1 26 years. excess losses were accounted changes belowground biomass turnover. This supported bioassay experiments organs where age 2 S. alterniflora plants increasing 1,994 g m −2 year −1 , which added a growth premium 2.4 gain. contrasted 746 controls, can add 0.89 elevation. Root density greater treatments than plateauing about 1,374 472 respectively. Growth rhizomes, grew 3,648 after 3 1,439 5 Depositional wetlands are limited an exogenous supply mineral sediment, whereas marshes like could be classified as autonomous because they depend situ maintain Autonomous more vulnerable SLR their constrained ultimately photosynthetic efficiency.

Language: Английский

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The distribution of global tidal marshes from earth observation data

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 28, 2023

ABSTRACT Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes tidal extent, identify opportunities for conservation restoration, it is critical develop spatial base occurrence. Here, we globally consistent map year 2020 at 10-m resolution. Location Global Time period Major taxa studied marshes Methods location world’s applied random forest classification model earth observation data from 2020. We trained with reference dataset developed support mapping coastal ecosystems, predicted between 60°N 60°S. validated using standard accuracy assessment methods, final having an overall score 0.852. Results estimate extent be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 59,780 ) distributed across 120 countries territories. centred temperate Arctic regions, nearly half occurring Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At national scale, over third (18,510 ; 11,200 – 20,900) occurs within USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides most detailed on date shows that occur more greater proportion coastline than previous studies. fills major gap regarding baseline needed measuring estimating value terms ecosystem services

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of cultural ecosystem services of blue carbon ecosystems: Trends, gaps, and challenges in Asia and beyond

Marine Policy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 105898 - 105898

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) have reached international prominence for their role in global climate change mitigation while delivering other essential ecosystem services. Among these, cultural services (CES) of BCEs, which are the non-material benefits that contribute to human well-being, often under represented and unexplored due challenges identifying valuing intangible benefits. Reflecting these challenges, a systematic review was conducted analyze state research on CES BCEs. Specifically, we identified abundance research, geographic distribution studies, frameworks methodologies used, categories frequency. The results show studies focusing BCEs vary dependent specific BCEs; example, related mangroves more well-represented than saltmarshes seagrasses. displayed high occurrence Asia, with fewer regions. Furthermore, observed values physical experiences commonly addressed those intrinsic values. Despite progress typologies assessments, there knowledge gaps potentially reflect under-investigation limited understanding valued based people's perceptions characteristics habitat. Additionally, is an opportunity be integrated into restoration strategies.

Language: Английский

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Salt Marsh Restoration for the Provision of Multiple Ecosystem Services

Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 680 - 680

Published: Dec. 19, 2021

Restoration of salt marsh is urgent, as these ecosystems provide natural coastal protection from sea-level rise impacts, contribute towards climate change mitigation, and multiple ecosystem services including supporting livelihoods. This study identified potential restoration sites for intervention where agricultural degraded land could be returned to at a national scale in South African estuaries. Overall, successful some estuaries will require addressing additional pressures such freshwater inflow reduction deterioration water quality. Here, we present, socio-ecological systems framework that links state the well-being people guide meaningful implementable management interventions. The applied case Swartkops Estuary primary intends route stormwater run-off abandoned works re-create aquatic habitat waterbirds, enhance carbon storage, nutrient filtration. As generalized, while still allowing site-specific captured, there it scale, with largest areas set priorities an initiative. It estimated ~1970 ha can restored this way, represents 14% increase cover country. Innovative approaches restoring improving condition are necessary conserving marshes benefits they society.

Language: Английский

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Disturbance legacies and shifting trajectories: Marsh soil strength and shoreline erosion a decade after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 322, P. 121151 - 121151

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Marsh resilience post disturbance is strongly dependent on the belowground dynamics affecting emergent plants aboveground. We investigated long-term impacts at marsh-water interface in coastal wetlands of south Louisiana after 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill with a combination fieldwork (2010-2018) and spatial analysis (1998-2021). Data were collected shoreline erosion rates, marsh platform elevation heights cantilever overhang widths, soil strength up to 1 m depth. Oil concentration top 5 cm determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry 1000 times higher than before remained 10 eight years post-oiling. The oiling initially caused edge subside, chronic effects lowered strength, creating faster rate deeper water within 150 shoreline. Soil declined by 50% throughout profile has not recovered. mean for 11 post-spill was double that there an additive impact rates Hurricane Isaac. Erosion appeared have recovered pre-spill 2019, however from 2019 2021, increased 118% above rate. continuing loss indicates biomass seriously compromised oiling. perpetuation remaining may set new baseline subsequent storm induced erosional events. soils retain physical biological legacies compromising recovery more decade be evident other habitats subject stressors.

Language: Английский

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Does mangrove vegetation structure reflect human utilization of ecosystem goods and services?

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 106858 - 106858

Published: May 11, 2023

Many coastal communities in developing countries depend on mangrove ecosystem services (ES). A combination of anthropogenic and environmental stresses threatens mangroves globally. This study at the Ankobra catchment Ghana focused relation between ES utilization forest structure. Through vegetation survey, we observed significant effects selective logging, branch cutting, density Acrostichum aureum, water stress tree stocking sapling densities. We through interviews five that about 98% 88% wood harvested are used for fuelwood construction respectively. The structure areas receiving high harvesting pressures was less complex, with lower density, as well seed-bearing trees than less-disturbed areas. Existing regulations compromised to accommodate needs surrounding communities. Recognizing these impacts is important improve management decisions, address community needs, reduce pressure mangroves.

Language: Английский

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Satellite remote sensing can provide semi-automated monitoring to aid coastal decision-making

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 108639 - 108639

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Coastlines are projected to face unprecedented pressures over the next century due climate change-induced changes in sea level, storm, wave, and tidal regimes. This projection of increasing pressure is driving a reappraisal existing shoreline management practices, with both science policy calling for future strategies work natural protection provided by coastal habitats such as salt marshes. However, we currently lack understanding long-term ecosystem dynamics required incorporate these into definitive predictions risk relied on planning. Satellite remote sensing has potential provide data that could address this knowledge gap its frequent repeat times global coverage facilitating production high temporal frequency time-series large areas. study sought explore one largest plain estuaries UK, Severn Estuary. The Random Forest machine learning algorithm was used develop marsh extents across estuary from 1985 2020 Google Earth Engine, widths also extracted proxy marshes' protective capacity. These were monitored six areas contained most significant estuary. analysis revealed trend extent (p < 0.05), therefore protection, three period, validation testing finding an overall accuracy classification >90% strong agreement found between detected those previous surveys. findings demonstrate satellite combined valuable insights marshes their information can be useful planning process, allowing decision-makers assess sustainability defences fronted marshes, well them make informed decisions about location restoration schemes.

Language: Английский

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Lack of ecological data hinders management of ecologically important saltmarsh ecosystems: A case study of saltmarsh plant Porterasia coarctata (Roxb.)

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 321, P. 115957 - 115957

Published: Aug. 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Seascape connectivity with mangroves positively influences tropical saltmarsh blue carbon stocks

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 969, P. 178929 - 178929

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Despite exponential increase in global blue carbon studies over the last decade, critical knowledge gaps remain regarding role of drivers such as seascape connectivity that mediate storage tropical saltmarsh ecosystems. The present study addresses this gap by investigating how seascape-level drivers, specifically between ecosystems, sediment traits and plant biomass, influence stocks, connected versus individual (Porteresia coarctata Myrostachia wightiana) meadows. This compared meadows (adjacent to mangroves) with across four locations assessed their (C) nitrogen (N) content sediment, various C stocks. Stable isotopes tracers (13C 15N) were used determine contribution from autochthonous allochthonous sources. Connectivity resulted increased shoot density, biomass 1.7-fold 1.5-fold respectively than 2.3-fold higher Corg stocks (sediment + biomass) below -ground pool 2 10 %, whereas combined mangrove leaf was 7.8 26.8 % both species probably depending on litterfall organic matter trapping efficiency these species. underscores positive mangroves enhancing

Language: Английский

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