Characteristics of Plant Type and Lodging Resistance in Unmanned Aerial Seeding Rice With Optimal Basal Seedlings

Food and Energy Security, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Unmanned aerial seeding (UAS) is a promising rice direct method with excellent regional adaptability, operational efficiency, and economic benefits. To characterize the plant type lodging resistance of optimal UAS population to distinguish it from other unmanned planting methods, 2‐year field experiment was conducted. Four populations (UAS105, UAS150, UAS195 UAS240 = 105, 150, 195 240 seedlings m −2 ) were established using inbred japonica cultivar Nanjing5718 as material, appropriate dry (UDDS) carpet transplanting (UCT) employed controls. The results showed that more basic caused lower grain yield per panicle (9.56%–29.48%), worse leaf culm configurations, higher risk (2.43%–9.11% 0.86%–10.60% in 2nd 3rd basal internodes, respectively). But proper increase (UAS195) improved (3.38%–16.52%), area index (LAI) grain‐leaf ratio. Among ranked behind UCT all aspects resistance, well ratio, only LAI excelled. However, produced (4.86% on average) larger panicles (2.02% average panicle) than UDDS, due drooping angles, longer pillow distances, SPAD values high‐efficiency leaves, LAI, Furthermore, had taller height, gravity center internodes bending moment, but its relative height did not deteriorate significantly. This attributed increased breaking strength stronger thicker walls. findings suggest could produce by improving photometric despite compromises resistance. comparable UCT, provides better vertical canopy structure UDDS maintains similar

Language: Английский

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Genetic Dissection of Major Rice QTLs for Strong Culms and Fine Mapping of qWS5 for Breeding Application in Transplanted System

Rice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Background Rice is one of the major staples that feeds about half global populations, and it important to identify genetic loci for traits related yield improvement. Lodging will cause severe loss when happens, stem diameter has been characterized as an trait lodging resistance. However, most QTLs have not finely dissected due their sensitivity environmental fluctuation. Result In this study, we performed QTL analysis using populations derived from Nipponbare (NIP) strong culm variety YYP1, confirmed single combined effect three by recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Based on location, found qWS5 a novel well before. To dissect locus, several heterogeneous families (HIFs) were selected RILs linkage nearly isogenic (NILs) subjected detailed investigation throughout different years. The HIF-NILs strategy confined 380 kb region supported repeated genotype phenotype data, lays foundation cloning in future. addition, introgression elite japonica SD785 was successive backcrossing, value increasing other agronomic during rice breeding. Conclusions We prove with relatively stable can be mapped small strategy. result facilitate improvement resistance molecular marker assisted selection

Language: Английский

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Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Superior Traits in Thermosensitive Genic Male Sterile Line 1892S Through Genome-Wide Analysis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Hybrid rice has revolutionized food security by leveraging heterosis, a phenomenon where offspring outperform their parents. Sterile lines, crucial for controlled cross-pollination in hybrid breeding, have played central role this success. This study delves into the superior alleles of 1892S, two-line sterile line widely used as female parent China. By integrating extensive hybridization data, high-throughput genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis (RiceNavi), we elucidate genetic underpinnings 1892S’s exceptional adaptability. The results reveal its remarkable compatibility over 114 varieties, potentially due to influence Japonica characteristics contributing strong vigor. Furthermore, some favorable were identified that associated with lodging resistance, high yield potential, improved nitrogen use efficiency etc. comprehensive characterization 1892S provides valuable insights future breeding programs, ultimately facilitating development varieties.

Language: Английский

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Tailoring genetically altered Rice ASD 16 variety for enhanced stem girth through induced mutagenesis

Plant Science Today, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(sp4)

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

In the rice variety ASD 16, induced mutation breeding was conducted using gamma irradiation and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) treatments, resulting in generation of 850 M1 plants subjected to screening for key morphological physiological traits. subsequent M2 generation, selected putative mutants were rigorously evaluated their major morphological, anatomical yield-contributing characteristics. This selection process identified 110 mutants, 102 69 progenies exhibiting notably enhanced stem girth superior yield potential. Genetic analyses on allowed isolation revealing considerable genetic variability among them. Significant positive correlations observed between productive tillers, grain yield. Path analysis underscored tillers as primary contributors yield, while traits such increased plant height early flowering displayed a negative association with Molecular characterization several robust culms advantageous agronomic traits, supporting potential further breeding. Anatomical showed marked differences diameter, vascular bundle development, sclerenchyma cell density starch accumulation which positively associated mechanical strength outcomes. Validation molecular tools confirmed superiority improved 16 lines offering valuable insights into enhancement crop resilience productivity through mutagenesis.

Language: Английский

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