A seat at the (language) table: incorporating the cerebellum into frameworks for language processing

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 101310 - 101310

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cerebro-cerebellar networks facilitate learning through feedback decoupling

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Abstract Behavioural feedback is critical for learning in the cerebral cortex. However, such often not readily available. How cortex learns efficiently despite sparse nature of remains unclear. Inspired by recent deep algorithms, we introduce a systems-level computational model cerebro-cerebellar interactions. In this recurrent network receives predictions from cerebellar network, thereby decoupling networks future feedback. When trained simple sensorimotor task shows faster and reduced dysmetria-like behaviours, line with widely observed functional impact cerebellum. Next, demonstrate that these results generalise to more complex motor cognitive tasks. Finally, makes several experimentally testable regarding task-specific representations over learning, benefits differential inferior olive lesions. Overall, our work offers theoretical framework as machines.

Language: Английский

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Combined assessment of progressive apraxia of speech brain microstructure by diffusion tensor imaging tractography and multishell neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging

Brain and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Progressive apraxia of speech (PAOS) is characterized by difficulties with motor programming and planning. PAOS targets gray matter (GM) white (WM) microstructure that can be assessed using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) multishell applications, such as neurite orientation dispersion density (NODDI). In this study, we aimed to apply DTI NODDI add further insight into tissue microstructure.

Language: Английский

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Association of Developmental Language Disorder With Comorbid Developmental Conditions Using Algorithmic Phenotyping

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(12), P. e2248060 - e2248060

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

Importance Developmental language disorder (DLD) is a common (with up to 7% prevalence) yet underdiagnosed childhood whose underlying biological profile and comorbidities are not fully understood, especially at the population level. Objective To identify clinically relevant conditions that co-occur with DLD Design, Setting, Participants This case-control study used an electronic health record (EHR)–based population-level approach compare prevalence of comorbid phenotypes between cases matched controls. These were identified using Automated Phenotyping Tool for Identifying Language Disorder algorithm Vanderbilt University Medical Center EHR, phenome enrichment analysis was comorbidities. An independent sample selected from Geisinger Health System EHR test replication same phenotyping pipeline. Data accessed March 2019 October 2020, while data January 2022. Main Outcomes Measures Common rare level EHRs phecode-based analysis. Results Comorbidity conducted 5273 (mean [SD] age, 16.8 [7.2] years; 3748 males [71.1%]) 26 353 controls 14.6 [5.5] 18 729 [71.1%]). Relevant associated found, including learning disorder, delayed milestones, disorders acoustic nerve, conduct disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity lack coordination, other motor deficits. Several previously identified, such as dermatitis, conjunctivitis, weight nutrition, representing new window into clinical complexity DLD. Conclusions Relevance found both profiles may be leveraged risk additional challenges, beyond impairment, among children

Language: Английский

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Cerebellar-Induced Aphasia After Stroke: Evidence for the “Linguistic Cerebellum”

The Cerebellum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Clinical characteristics of post-stroke basal ganglia aphasia and the study of language-related white matter tracts based on diffusion spectrum imaging

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 120664 - 120664

Published: May 31, 2024

Stroke often damages the basal ganglia, leading to atypical and transient aphasia, indicating that post-stroke ganglia aphasia (PSBGA) may be related different anatomical structural damage functional remodeling rehabilitation mechanisms. The contain dense white matter tracts (WMTs). Hence, tract an essential basis for development of PSBGA.

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of striatal action selection and reinforcement learning

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Abstract Spiny projection neurons (SPNs) in dorsal striatum are often proposed as a locus of reinforcement learning the basal ganglia. Here, we identify and resolve fundamental inconsistency between striatal models known SPN synaptic plasticity rules. Direct-pathway (dSPN) indirect-pathway (iSPN) neurons, which promote suppress actions, respectively, exhibit that reinforces activity associated with elevated or suppressed dopamine release. We show iSPN prevents successful learning, it patterns negative outcomes. However, this pathological behavior is reversed if functionally opponent dSPNs iSPNs, current behavior, simultaneously activated by efferent input following action selection. This prediction supported recordings contrasts prior representations. In our model, selection signals can be multiplexed without interference, enabling algorithms beyond those standard temporal difference models.

Language: Английский

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Subcortical Aphasia

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(12)

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Neurodevelopmental trajectories of cerebellar grey matter associated with verbal abilities in males with autism spectrum disorder

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 101379 - 101379

Published: April 9, 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition frequently associated with structural cerebellar abnormalities. Whether grey matter volumes (GMV) are linked to verbal impairments remains controversial. Here, the association between GMV and abilities in ASD was examined across lifespan. Lobular segmentation of cerebellum performed on MRI scans from ABIDE I dataset male individuals (N=144, age: 8.5-64.0 years) neurotypical controls (N=188; 8.0-56.2 years). Stepwise linear mixed effects modeling including group (ASD vs. controls), lobule-wise GMV, age identify lobules which best predicted as measured by IQ (VIQ). An age-specific VIQ bilateral Crus II found relative controls. In children ASD, higher larger left but smaller right II. By contrast, adults These findings indicate that contralateral hemisphere, an initial reliance language-nonspecific hemisphere offset more typical right-lateralization adulthood.

Language: Английский

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The Role of the Cerebellum

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 35 - 52

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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