Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 2117 - 2117
Published: Feb. 28, 2025
Groundwater
is
crucial
for
domestic,
agricultural,
and
ecological
uses,
particularly
in
the
lower
reaches
of
arid
basins,
where
its
quality
often
limits
availability.
A
total
26
phreatic
groundwater
samples
were
collected
from
a
typical
endorheic
watershed
on
Tibetan
Plateau
to
assess
hydrochemical
characteristics
inland
watersheds.
The
characteristics,
quality,
formation
mechanisms
analyzed
using
Entropy-Weight
Water
Quality
Index
(EWQI),
irrigation
water
indexes
(such
as
sodium
adsorption
ratio,
soluble
percentage,
permeability
index),
diagrams,
correlation
analysis.
findings
indicate
that
slightly
alkaline,
with
substantial
TDS
variation
252.58
1810.41
mg/L.
predominantly
characterized
by
fresh
facies
HCO3-Ca
HCO3-Na
types,
few
saline
Cl-Na
types
present.
concentrations
NO3−,
NO2−
NH4+,
range
0.32
100.00
mg/L,
0.00
0.48
0.20
respectively,
3.59%,
26.92%,
7.69%
exceeding
permissible
drinking
recommended
Chinese
guideline
World
Health
Organization.
classified
at
80.8%
sampling
sites
brackish
19.2%.
Approximately
96.2%
sampled
groundwaters
rated
excellent
medium
according
EWQI
assessments,
suitable
domestic
use,
while
3.8%
extremely
poor
should
be
avoided
direct
consumption.
all
agricultural
does
not
pose
hazards
soil.
Most
are
long-term
terms
hazards,
only
7.7%
falling
into
“Permissible
Doubtful”
“Doubtful
Unsuitable”
categories,
respectively.
Salinity
poses
primary
threat
irrigation,
38.5%,
53.8%,
exhibiting
moderate,
high,
very
high
salinity
risks,
chemistry
primarily
governed
water-rock
interaction
evaporation,
additional
impacts
inputs
nitrogen
contaminants
chemicals.
Agricultural
practices
contribute
elevated
study
area,
natural
evaporation
drives
accumulation
parts.
In
managing
utilizing
resources
area
similar
regions
globally,
attention
paid
caused
activities
well
pollution
farming.
Water,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(14), P. 2532 - 2532
Published: July 10, 2023
Water
resources
are
crucial
in
developing
any
area
as
they
serve
a
major
source
of
potable,
agricultural,
and
industrial
water.
contamination,
caused
by
natural
anthropogenic
activities,
poses
significant
threat
to
public
health
globally.
This
review
synthesizes
data
from
various
studies
published
national
international
journals,
well
reports
governmental
non-governmental
organizations.
Our
primary
objective
is
understand
previous
research
on
water
pollution,
contamination
types,
the
effects
health.
pollution
generally
involve
scientific
understanding
biological,
chemical,
physical
processes
that
control
movement
contaminants
underground
environment.
The
nature
severity
consequences
vary
based
several
factors,
including
chemical
composition,
duration
exposure,
concentration
pollutants.
work
highlights
human
risks
associated
with
current
topics
such
anthropogenic,
geogenic,
microplastics,
pharmaceuticals,
heavy
metals.
A
section
remedial
measures
mitigation
strategies
included
emphasize
sustainable
approaches
conservation,
replenishment,
sustainability.
However,
there
lack
comprehensive
knowledge
regarding
distribution,
toxic
effects,
different
sources
contamination.
thus
establishes
links
between
multiple
their
toxicity
health,
risk
assessment.
Water,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(20), P. 3662 - 3662
Published: Oct. 19, 2023
Most
water
systems
that
support
ecosystems
and
feed
humans
are
depleted
or
stressed.
Aquifer
characteristics,
topography,
subsurface
activities,
climate,
geochemical
processes
regulate
groundwater
availability,
a
reliable
source
of
fresh
water.
Globally,
agriculture,
industries,
the
domestic
sector
three
major
sectors
consume
vast
quantities
freshwater
resources.
Further
anthropogenic
such
as
soil
leaching,
acid
rain,
fertilizer,
pesticides,
mining,
other
industrial
resulted
in
release
organic
inorganic
pollutants
affected
global
In
India,
is
used
huge
quantities,
resulting
depletion
1
to
2
m
year.
Low-income
countries
face
many
issues
related
pollution,
availability
safe
minimal.
2019,
deaths
due
unsafe
sanitation
accounted
for
2.2%
total
deaths,
amounting
1.2
million
people’s
deaths.
India
recorded
6.6%
2019.
China
around
90.41%
60.4%
utilization
agricultural
purposes,
respectively.
2020,
utilized
nutrients
(nitrate
phosphate)
crop
growth
enhance
yield,
highest
nitrate
phosphate
concentrations
groundwater.
Remediating
contaminants
from
different
sources
requires
knowledge
their
concentration,
behavior,
cycling,
degradation
pathways.
According
safety
guidelines,
limiting
optimizing
pesticide
waste
disposal,
empty
container
disposal
can
reduce
contamination.
The
present
study
summarized
various
sectors,
potential
contamination
impacts
on
human
health
environment,
preventive
measures,
mitigation
methods
overcome
pollution.
