Environmental Technology & Innovation,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
29, P. 103037 - 103037
Published: Jan. 27, 2023
Lignocellulosic
biomass
(LCB)
waste
materials
are
abundant
in
nature,
and
because
of
their
high
cellulose
content,
they
rank
among
the
most
widely
accessible
preferred
feedstocks
for
development
cost-effective
biorefineries.
The
main
obstacle
to
long-term
viability
this
valorization
at
pilot
size,
however,
is
complexity
structural
composition
these
wastes
lack
a
suitable
bioprocess
economical
efficient
biotransformation.
current
review
investigates
potential
economically
viable
environmentally
friendly
biotransformation
LCB
into
cellulolytic
enzymes
biofuels
generation
technologies.
focuses
on
synthesis
energy
from
through
Based
update
progress,
information
constraint
that
currently
exists
structure
successful
limitation
surmounted
have
also
been
evaluated.
To
improve
overall
sustainable
scale,
other
possible
recommendations
proposed.
Such
valorizations
can
contribute
circular
economy
future
applications.
The Plant Genome,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
Abstract
Global
mean
temperature
is
increasing
at
a
rapid
pace
due
to
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases
majorly
from
anthropogenic
practices
and
predicted
rise
up
1.5°C
above
pre‐industrial
level
by
year
2050.
The
warming
climate
affecting
global
crop
production
altering
biochemical,
physiological,
metabolic
processes
resulting
in
poor
growth,
development,
reduced
yield.
Maize
susceptible
heat
stress,
particularly
reproductive
early
grain
filling
stages.
Interestingly,
stress
impact
on
crops
closely
regulated
associated
environmental
covariables
such
as
humidity,
vapor
pressure
deficit,
soil
moisture
content,
solar
radiation.
Therefore,
tolerance
considered
complex
trait,
which
requires
multiple
levels
regulations
plants.
Exploring
genetic
diversity
landraces
wild
accessions
maize
promising
approach
identify
novel
donors,
traits,
quantitative
trait
loci
(QTLs),
genes,
can
be
introgressed
into
elite
cultivars.
Indeed,
genome
wide
association
studies
(GWAS)
for
mining
potential
QTL(s)
dominant
gene(s)
major
route
improvement.
Conversely,
mutation
breeding
being
utilized
generating
variation
existing
populations
with
narrow
background.
Besides
approaches,
augmented
shock
factors
(HSFs)
proteins
(HSPs)
have
been
reported
transgenic
provide
tolerance.
Recent
advancements
molecular
techniques
including
clustered
regularly
interspaced
short
palindromic
repeats
(CRISPR)
would
expedite
process
developing
thermotolerant
genotypes.
Agronomy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 1174 - 1174
Published: April 20, 2023
Heavy
metals
(HMs)
stress,
particularly
lead
(Pb)
is
one
of
the
most
hazardous
environmental
stresses
that
can
negatively
affect
plants’
growth,
yield,
and
quality.
Therefore,
effects
zinc
oxide
nanoparticles
(ZnO-NPs;
50
mg
L−1),
nano-hydroxyapatite
(HP-NPs;
kg−1),
their
combination
on
physiological,
yield
traits
maize
grown
in
soil
contaminated
with
Pb
(i.e.,
100
kg−1)
were
investigated.
The
results
showed
stress
significantly
reduced
plant
leaf
area
by
50.9%
at
40
days
after
sowing
(DAS),
55.5%
70
DAS,
54.2%
DAS
comparison
to
unstressed
plants
(control).
However,
combined
application
ZnO-NPs
(50
L−1)
+
HP-NPs
adverse
growth
terms
increasing
117.6%
Pb-contaminated
(100
kg−1).
Similarly,
resulted
increments
total
chlorophyll
content
47.1%,
photosynthesis
rate
255.1%,
stomatal
conductance
380%
obtained
from
stressed
Pb.
On
other
hand,
antioxidants
such
as
sodium
dismutase
(SOD;
87.1%),
peroxidase
(POX;
90.8%),
catalase
(CAT;
146%),
proline
(116%)
increased
a
result
compared
plants.
Moreover,
N,
P,
K,
Zn
contents
whole
under
decreased
38.7%,
69.9%,
46.8%,
82.1%,
respectively,
those
control.
Whereas
treatment
uptake
nutrients
and,
consequently,
highest
values
ear
weight,
grain
harvest
index
obtained.
Furthermore,
biomass
77.6%
grains
90.21%
exposed
stress.
In
conclusion,
improved
physiological
traits,
antioxidants,
well
elemental
Abstract
Introduction
Crop
production
contribution
to
food
security
faces
unprecedented
challenge
of
increasing
human
population.
This
is
due
the
decline
in
major
cereal
crop
yields
including
maize
resulting
from
climate
change
and
declining
soil
infertility.
Changes
nutrient
status
have
continued
occur
response,
new
fertilizer
recommendations
terms
formulations
application
rates
are
continuously
developed
applied
globally.
In
this
sense,
review
was
conducted
to:
(i)
identify
key
areas
concentration
research
on
effect
grain
yield,
(ii)
assess
extent
(iii)
evaluate
fertilization
practices
(iv)
examine
interaction
between
factors
yield
at
global
perspective.
Methodology
Comprehensive
search
literature
Web
Science
(WoS)
database.
For
objective
1,
metadata
co-authorship
(country,
organisation),
co-occurrence
keywords
were
exported
analysed
using
VOSviewer
software.
2–4,
data
for
each
treatment
presented
articles
extracted
increment
calculated.
Results
The
most
significant
keywords:
fertility,
use
efficiency,
nitrogen
integrated
management,
sustainability,
adaptation
revealed
efforts
improve
production,
achieve
security,
protect
environment.
A
temperature
rise
1–4
°C
decreased
by
5–14%
warm
increased
<
5%
cold
Precipitation
reduction
25–32%,
while
CO
2
2.4
7.3%
9
14.6%,
respectively.
promising
a
combination
urea
+
nitrapyrin
with
an
average
5.1
14.4
t
ha
−1
under
non-irrigation
irrigation,
Fertilization
projected
reduce
range
10.5–18.3%
2099.
Conclusion
results
signified
that
sole
intensification
insufficient
attain
sustainable
yield.
Therefore,
there
need
agronomic
combines
fertilizers
other
technologies
enhancing
consequently
attainment
conditions.
Agricultural Water Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
295, P. 108757 - 108757
Published: March 8, 2024
Climate
change,
characterized
by
rising
temperatures
and
limited
precipitation,
has
intensified
the
demand
for
irrigation
water
while
simultaneously
restricting
its
availability.
This
challenge
poses
significant
risks
to
agricultural
food
production,
particularly
in
Mediterranean
regions
where,
recently,
deficits
have
led
substantial
production
losses
quality
issues.
Water
is
a
critical
determinant
of
crops'
economic
viability,
especially
water-intensive
crops,
making
it
essential
estimate
relevance,
absence
reliable
market
prices.
study
two
primary
objectives:
first,
evaluate
shadow
price
maize
grain
at
farm
level,
which
defined
as
value
generated
marginal
unit
consumed;
second,
analyse
heterogeneity.
Leveraging
Farm
Accountancy
Data
Network
(FADN)
panel
1625
Italian
farms
over
decade
(2010–2020),
an
econometric
function
approach
employed.
Moreover,
quantile
regressions
reveal
variations
linked
geographical,
managerial,
structural
characteristics.
Our
findings
underscore
water's
key
role
economically
viable
significantly
enhancing
productivity
other
inputs
like
fertilizers
pesticides.
The
average
0.29
€/m³,
with
median
0.20
€/m³
total
accounts
one-third
maize's
gross
output.
Quantile
uncover
how
factors
geographic
location,
altitude,
management,
source,
size
influence
distribution
productivity,
reflecting
either
efficient
use
or
scarcity
this
resource.
estimation
provides
valuable
insights
policymakers
offering
accurate
estimates
production.
Furthermore,
enhances
our
understanding
viability
crop,
contributing
support
evidence-based
management
strategies,
identifying
vulnerable
areas
allowing
future
methodological
developments.
BMC Plant Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: April 11, 2024
Abstract
Background
Considering
the
challenges
posed
by
nitrogen
(N)
pollution
and
its
impact
on
food
security
sustainability,
it
is
crucial
to
develop
management
techniques
that
optimize
N
fertilization
in
croplands.
Our
research
intended
explore
potential
benefits
of
co-inoculation
with
Azospirillum
brasilense
Bacillus
subtilis
combined
application
rates
corn
plants.
The
study
focused
evaluating
photosynthesis-related
parameters,
oxidative
stress
assay,
physiological
nutrient
use
parameters.
Focus
was
placed
eventual
improved
capacity
plants
recover
from
applied
fertilizers
(AFR)
enhance
efficiency
(NUE)
during
photosynthesis.
two-year
field
trial
involved
four
seed
inoculation
treatments
(control,
A.
,
B.
+
)
five
(0
240
kg
ha
−1,
as
side-dress).
Results
results
suggested
effects
microbial
consortia
adequate
N-application
played
a
role
N-recovery;
enhanced
NUE;
increased
accumulation,
leaf
chlorophyll
index
(LCI),
shoot
root
growth;
consequently
improving
grain
yield.
integration
upregulated
CO
2
uptake
assimilation,
transpiration,
water
efficiency,
while
downregulated
stress.
Conclusions
indicated
optimum
rate
could
be
reduced
175
−1
increasing
yield
5.2%.
Furthermore,
our
findings
suggest
replacing
fertilizer
(-65
would
reduce
emission
682.5
−e
.
Excessive
application,
mainly
presence
beneficial
bacteria,
can
disrupt
N-balance
plant,
alter
soil
bacteria
levels,
ultimately
affect
plant
growth
Hence,
highlighting
importance
maximize
agriculture
counteract
loss
agricultural
systems
intensification.
