Hydrochemical Characteristics and Evolution Laws of Groundwater in Huangshui River Basin, Qinghai DOI Open Access
Ziqi Wang,

Ting Lu,

Shengnan Li

et al.

Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1349 - 1349

Published: April 30, 2025

Groundwater plays a leading role in ecological environment protection semi-arid regions. The Huangshui River Basin is located the Tibetan Plateau and Loess transition zone of areas. Its relatively fragile, there an urgent need for systematic study basin to develop groundwater realize rational efficient development water resources. In this study, methodologically, we combined following: 1. Field sampling (271 samples across basin’s hydrogeological units); 2. Comprehensive laboratory analysis major ions physicochemical parameters; 3. Multivariate statistical (Pearson correlation, descriptive statistics); 4. Geospatial techniques (ArcGIS kriging interpolation); 5. Hydrochemical modeling (Piper diagrams, Gibbs plots, PHREEQC simulations). Key findings reveal generally weakly alkaline (pH 6.94–8.91) with TDS ranging 155–10,387 mg/L; Clear spatial trends: (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42−) increase along flow paths; Water types evolve from Ca-HCO3-dominant (upper reaches) complex Ca-SO4/Ca-Cl mixtures (lower reaches); Water–rock interactions dominate hydrochemical evolution, secondary cation exchange effects; identifies dominant carbonate dissolution (mean SIcalcite = −0.32) localized evaporite influences (SIgypsum up 0.12). By combining theoretical calculations experimental results, reveals distinct patterns evolution mechanisms. transitions Ca-HCO3-type upstream areas Ca-SO4/Cl downstream, driven primarily by gypsum minerals. Total dissolved solids dramatically paths (155–10,387 mg/L), Na+ SO42− showing strongest correlation mineralization (r > 0.9). Cation processes anthropogenic inputs further modify chemistry midstream These establish baseline sustainable management ecologically vulnerable basin.

Language: Английский

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Evolution Laws of Groundwater in Huangshui River Basin, Qinghai DOI Open Access
Ziqi Wang,

Ting Lu,

Shengnan Li

et al.

Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1349 - 1349

Published: April 30, 2025

Groundwater plays a leading role in ecological environment protection semi-arid regions. The Huangshui River Basin is located the Tibetan Plateau and Loess transition zone of areas. Its relatively fragile, there an urgent need for systematic study basin to develop groundwater realize rational efficient development water resources. In this study, methodologically, we combined following: 1. Field sampling (271 samples across basin’s hydrogeological units); 2. Comprehensive laboratory analysis major ions physicochemical parameters; 3. Multivariate statistical (Pearson correlation, descriptive statistics); 4. Geospatial techniques (ArcGIS kriging interpolation); 5. Hydrochemical modeling (Piper diagrams, Gibbs plots, PHREEQC simulations). Key findings reveal generally weakly alkaline (pH 6.94–8.91) with TDS ranging 155–10,387 mg/L; Clear spatial trends: (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42−) increase along flow paths; Water types evolve from Ca-HCO3-dominant (upper reaches) complex Ca-SO4/Ca-Cl mixtures (lower reaches); Water–rock interactions dominate hydrochemical evolution, secondary cation exchange effects; identifies dominant carbonate dissolution (mean SIcalcite = −0.32) localized evaporite influences (SIgypsum up 0.12). By combining theoretical calculations experimental results, reveals distinct patterns evolution mechanisms. transitions Ca-HCO3-type upstream areas Ca-SO4/Cl downstream, driven primarily by gypsum minerals. Total dissolved solids dramatically paths (155–10,387 mg/L), Na+ SO42− showing strongest correlation mineralization (r > 0.9). Cation processes anthropogenic inputs further modify chemistry midstream These establish baseline sustainable management ecologically vulnerable basin.

Language: Английский

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