Microwave-Assisted Reduction of Graphene Oxide to Reduced Graphene Oxide DOI Open Access
Jessica T. Mhlongo,

Boitumelo Tlhaole,

Linda Z. Linganiso

et al.

Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 216 - 216

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Green chemistry seeks to find alternative synthesis routes that are less harsh living organisms and the environment. In this communication, a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique thermal annealing method were used in reduction of graphene oxide (GO) make reduced GO (rGO). Graphite powder was oxidised using Improved Hummers’ method, exfoliated, freeze-dried. Thereafter, an aqueous suspension under microwave (MW) irradiation for 10 min at 600 W with without help reducing agent (hydrazine hydrate). Thermal also conducted nitrogen atmosphere 300 °C 1 h. Prepared samples analysed Raman laser spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A successful functional groups between sheets established XRD. analysis, ratio intensity D G band (ID/IG) assisted assessing quality films. An estimation number structural defects calculated ID/IG ratio. The analysis showed increase after both oxidation processes. defect densities MW-treated comparable while increased density evident thermally annealed sample. TEM micrographs confirmed sheet-like morphology samples. rGO obtained from appeared be smaller when compared ones by treatment. It XRD treatment promoted coalition graphitic layers, such estimated layers larger than GO. elemental C/O 2 7.8 MW hydrazine reduction.

Language: Английский

Microwave-Assisted Reduction of Graphene Oxide to Reduced Graphene Oxide DOI Open Access
Jessica T. Mhlongo,

Boitumelo Tlhaole,

Linda Z. Linganiso

et al.

Processes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 216 - 216

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Green chemistry seeks to find alternative synthesis routes that are less harsh living organisms and the environment. In this communication, a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique thermal annealing method were used in reduction of graphene oxide (GO) make reduced GO (rGO). Graphite powder was oxidised using Improved Hummers’ method, exfoliated, freeze-dried. Thereafter, an aqueous suspension under microwave (MW) irradiation for 10 min at 600 W with without help reducing agent (hydrazine hydrate). Thermal also conducted nitrogen atmosphere 300 °C 1 h. Prepared samples analysed Raman laser spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A successful functional groups between sheets established XRD. analysis, ratio intensity D G band (ID/IG) assisted assessing quality films. An estimation number structural defects calculated ID/IG ratio. The analysis showed increase after both oxidation processes. defect densities MW-treated comparable while increased density evident thermally annealed sample. TEM micrographs confirmed sheet-like morphology samples. rGO obtained from appeared be smaller when compared ones by treatment. It XRD treatment promoted coalition graphitic layers, such estimated layers larger than GO. elemental C/O 2 7.8 MW hydrazine reduction.

Language: Английский

Citations

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