Sustainable development goals for people and planet

Nature, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 495(7441), P. 305 - 307

Published: March 1, 2013

Language: Английский

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On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die‐off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6(8), P. 1 - 55

Published: Aug. 1, 2015

Patterns, mechanisms, projections, and consequences of tree mortality associated broad‐scale forest die‐off due to drought accompanied by warmer temperatures—“hotter drought”, an emerging characteristic the Anthropocene—are focus rapidly expanding literature. Despite recent observational, experimental, modeling studies suggesting increased vulnerability trees hotter pests pathogens, substantial debate remains among research, management policy‐making communities regarding future risks. We summarize key mortality‐relevant findings, differentiating between those implying lesser versus greater levels vulnerability. Evidence includes benefits elevated [CO 2 ] water‐use efficiency; observed modeled increases in growth canopy greening; widespread woody‐plant biomass, density, extent; compensatory physiological, morphological, genetic mechanisms; dampening ecological feedbacks; potential mitigation management. In contrast, document more rapid under negative physiological responses accelerated biotic attacks. Additional evidence rising background rates; projected frequency, intensity, duration; limitations vegetation models such as inadequately represented processes; warming feedbacks from die‐off; wildfire synergies. Grouping these findings we identify ten contrasting perspectives that shape but have not been discussed collectively. also present a set global drivers are known with high confidence: (1) droughts eventually occur everywhere; (2) produces droughts; (3) atmospheric moisture demand nonlinearly temperature during drought; (4) can faster drought, consistent fundamental physiology; (5) shorter frequently than longer become lethal warming, increasing frequency nonlinearly; (6) happens relative intervals needed for recovery. These high‐confidence drivers, concert research supporting perspectives, support overall viewpoint globally. surmise is being discounted part difficulties predicting threshold extreme climate events. Given profound societal implications underestimating highlight urgent challenges management, communities.

Language: Английский

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Approaching a state shift in Earth’s biosphere

Nature, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 486(7401), P. 52 - 58

Published: June 1, 2012

Language: Английский

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The Capitalocene, Part I: on the nature and origins of our ecological crisis

The Journal of Peasant Studies, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 44(3), P. 594 - 630

Published: March 17, 2017

This essay, in two parts, argues for the centrality of historical thinking coming to grips with capitalism’s planetary crises twenty-first century. Against Anthropocene’s shallow historicization, I argue Capitalocene, understood as a system power, profit and re/production web life. In Part I, pursue arguments. First, situate Anthropocene discourse within Green Thought’s uneasy relationship Human/Nature binary, its reluctance consider human organizations – like capitalism part nature. Next, highlight dominant periodization, which meets up longstanding environmentalist argument about Industrial Revolution origin ecological crisis. ignores early environment-making revolution, greater than any watershed since rise agriculture first cities. While there is no question that environmental change accelerated sharply after 1850, especially 1945, it seems equally fruitless explain these transformations without identifying how they fit into patterns capital nature established four centuries earlier.

Language: Английский

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Landscape sustainability science: ecosystem services and human well-being in changing landscapes

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 28(6), P. 999 - 1023

Published: April 30, 2013

Language: Английский

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Water management: Current and future challenges and research directions

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 4823 - 4839

Published: June 1, 2015

Abstract Water distinguishes our planet compared to all the others we know about. While global supply of available freshwater is more than adequate meet current and foreseeable water demands, its spatial temporal distributions are not. There many regions where resources inadequate domestic, economic development environmental needs. In such regions, lack clean human drinking sanitation needs indeed a constraint on health productivity hence as well maintenance environment healthy ecosystems. All us involved in research must find ways remove these constraints. We face multiple challenges doing that, especially given changing uncertain future climate, rapidly growing population that driving increased social development, globalization, urbanization. How best requires aspects management. Since 1965, journal Resources Research has played an important role reporting disseminating related managing quantity quality cost this resource. This paper identifies issues facing managers today needed better inform those who strive create sustainable desirable future.

Language: Английский

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Sustainability Transitions Research: Transforming Science and Practice for Societal Change

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 599 - 626

Published: July 11, 2017

The article describes the field of sustainability transitions research, which emerged in past two decades context a growing scientific and public interest large-scale societal transformation toward sustainability. We describe how different approaches methodological positions explore diverse types provide basis for multiple theories models governance transitions. distinguish three perspectives studying transitions: socio-technical, socio-institutional, socio-ecological. Although as whole is very heterogeneous, commonalities can be characterized notions such path dependencies, regimes, niches, experiments, governance. These more generic concepts have been adopted within analytical perspective transitions, has led to dealing with agency analytical, evaluative, experimental. by now produced broad theoretical empirical along variety social strategies instruments, impacting disciplinary fields well (policy) practice. In this article, we try characterize identifying its main perspectives, shared concepts, relevance real-world problems solutions.

Language: Английский

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The exceptional value of intact forest ecosystems

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 599 - 610

Published: Feb. 24, 2018

Language: Английский

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Social-ecological resilience and biosphere-based sustainability science

Ecology and Society, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 21(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

Folke, C., R. Biggs, A. V. Norström, B. Reyers, and J. Rockström. 2016. Social-ecological resilience biosphere-based sustainability science. Ecology Society 21(3):41.http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-08748-210341

Language: Английский

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Sustainable intensification of agriculture for human prosperity and global sustainability

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 4 - 17

Published: July 12, 2016

There is an ongoing debate on what constitutes sustainable intensification of agriculture (SIA). In this paper, we propose that a paradigm for can be defined and translated into operational framework agricultural development. We argue must now defined—at all scales—in the context rapidly rising global environmental changes in Anthropocene, while focusing eradicating poverty hunger contributing to human wellbeing. The criteria approach propose, shift towards agriculture, integrates dual interdependent goals using practices meet needs resilience sustainability landscapes, biosphere, Earth system. Both these, turn, are required sustain future viability agriculture. This aims at repositioning world from its current role as world’s single largest driver change, becoming key contributor transition within safe operating space Earth.

Language: Английский

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