Review of the neurological benefits of phytocannabinoids

Surgical Neurology International, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 91 - 91

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Background: Numerous physical, psychological, and emotional benefits have been attributed to marijuana since its first reported use in 2,600 BC a Chinese pharmacopoeia.The phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD), delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) are the most studied extracts from cannabis sativa subspecies hemp marijuana.CBD Δ9-THC interact uniquely with endocannabinoid system (ECS).Through direct indirect actions, intrinsic endocannabinoids plant-based phytocannabinoids modulate influence variety of physiological systems influenced by ECS.Methods: In 1980, Cunha et al. anticonvulsant 7/8 subjects medically uncontrolled epilepsy using phase I clinical trial.Since then neurological applications major focus renewed research medical phytocannabinoid extracts.Results: Recent uses include adjunctive treatment for malignant brain tumors, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's multiple sclerosis, neuropathic pain, childhood seizure disorders Lennox-Gastaut Dravet syndromes.In addition, psychiatric mood disorders, such as schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, addiction, postconcussion syndrome, posttraumatic stress being phytocannabinoids.Conclusions: this review we will provide animal human data on current CBD individually combination Δ9-THC.We emphasize neuroprotective, antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory their various syndromes.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic effects of cannabinoids in animal models of seizures, epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and epilepsy-related neuroprotection

Epilepsy & Behavior, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 319 - 327

Published: Feb. 10, 2017

Language: Английский

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Inhibitory effects of cannabidiol on voltage-dependent sodium currents

Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 293(43), P. 16546 - 16558

Published: Sept. 17, 2018

Language: Английский

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The proposed mechanisms of action of CBD in epilepsy

Epileptic Disorders, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(S1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT Highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) (approved as Epidiolex ® in the United States and EPIDYOLEX from EU agency) has demonstrated efficacy with an acceptable safety profile patients Lennox–Gastaut or Dravet syndrome four randomized controlled trials. While mechanism of action CBD underlying reduction seizures humans is unknown, possesses affinity for multiple targets, across a range target classes, resulting functional modulation neuronal excitability, relevant to pathophysiology many disease types, including epilepsy. Here we present pharmacological data supporting role three such namely Transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1), orphan G protein‐coupled receptor‐55 (GPR55) equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT‐1).

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol inhibits human glioma by induction of lethal mitophagy through activating TRPV4

Autophagy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 3592 - 3606

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with poor survival and limited therapeutic options. The non-psychoactive phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to be effective against glioma; however, molecular target mechanism of action CBD in glioma are poorly understood. Here we investigated mechanisms underlying antitumor effect preclinical models human glioma. Our results showed that induced autophagic rather than apoptotic cell death cells. We also mitochondrial dysfunction lethal mitophagy arrest, leading death. Mechanistically, calcium flux by through TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4) activation played a key role initiation. further confirmed levels correlated both grade patients. Transcriptome analysis other demonstrated ER stress ATF4-DDIT3-TRIB3-AKT-MTOR axis downstream were involved CBD-induced Lastly, temozolomide combination therapy patient-derived neurosphere cultures mouse orthotopic significant synergistic controlling size improving survival. Altogether, these findings for first time caused identified as biomarker Given low toxicity high tolerability CBD, therefore propose should tested clinically glioma, alone temozolomide.Abbreviations: 4-PBA: 4-phenylbutyrate; AKT: AKT serine/threonine kinase; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; CANX: calnexin; CASP3: caspase 3; CAT: catalase; CBD: cannabidiol; CQ: chloroquine; DDIT3: DNA damage inducible transcript ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; GFP: green fluorescent protein; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic rapamycin PARP1: poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; PINK1: PTEN kinase 1; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin ligase; SLC8A1: solute carrier family 8 SQSTM1: sequestosome TCGA: cancer genome atlas; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TMZ: temozolomide; TRIB3: tribbles pseudokinase TRPC: transient C; TRPV4: 4.

Language: Английский

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