Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 171 - 188
Published: Dec. 23, 2023
Delignification
is
a
crucial
pretreatment
in
the
production
of
diverse
value-added
products
from
lignocellulosics.
While
modifying
surface
functional
groups,
delignification
also
increases
specific
area
by
providing
porous
structure
to
lignocellulosic
biomass.
Hydrothermal
can
be
used
prior
delignification,
recover
hemicellulose
and
boost
delignification.
By
removing
lignin
hemicellulose,
cellulose-rich
pulp
becomes
more
accessible
for
activation.
In
present
study,
three
different
activated
carbons
were
prepared:
carbon
tea
stalk
itself
(ATS),
obtained
using
glycerol
organosolv
(ATP),
hydrochar
sequential
hydrothermal
pretreatment-organosolv
(AHTP).
Each
precursor
was
carbonized
(at
800
°C)
presence
KOH
(KOH/precursor:
2/1).
Activated
characterized
their
elemental
content,
thermal
stability,
crystallinity,
morphology,
analysis
(C-H-N-S),
FTIR,
TGA,
XRD,
SEM
and,
BET
analysis,
respectively.
pulping
reduced
yield,
it
altered
pore
carbon.
Among
carbons,
only
ATS
had
microporous
with
an
average
radius
1
nm.
ATP
highest
(2056.72
m2/g)
micropore
volume
(0.81
cm3/g).
Having
mesopores
(with
5.74
nm)
its
structure,
AHTP
least
(0.464
cm3/g)
(1179.71
m2/g).
The
micro
broadens
potential
applications
ranging
environmental
energy
storage.
Waste Management Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(1), P. 327 - 339
Published: March 3, 2024
Magnetite,
a
widely
synthesized
compound
utilized
as
an
adsorbent
in
various
processes,
exhibits
reduced
adsorption
efficiency
due
to
aggregation
aqueous
solutions.
Addressing
this
limitation,
modification
of
magnetite
is
necessary
mitigate
agglomeration
and
enhance
capacity.
Herein,
we
propose
the
utilization
gaharu
leaf
extract
for
modification,
leveraging
its
abundance
byproduct
essential
oil
production
rich
secondary
metabolite
content,
which
serves
stabilizing
agent
synthesis
processes.
Magnetite
(M)
extract-modified
(MEDG)
were
evaluated
adsorbents
methyl
orange
(MO)
textile
dyes.
Characterization
via
FTIR,
PSA,
SEM-EDX,
XRD,
VSM
revealed
distinctive
features
MEDG,
including
vibrational
peaks
corresponding
organic
functional
groups
derived
from
metabolites
present
extract.
These
actively
participate
process
prevent
aggregation.
MEDG
exhibited
particle
size
4408.7
nm,
compared
4625
nm
M,
with
both
exhibiting
face-centered
cubic
(fcc)
crystal
structures.
Additionally,
demonstrated
crystallinity
percentage
92.49
%
saturation
magnetization
34.43
emu/g,
attributed
incorporation
Adsorption
studies
that
simplicia
(SDG)
achieved
maximal
MO
at
pH
3
60
min
4
70
min,
respectively,
95–99
5
ppm
solution.
The
kinetics
followed
Ho's
pseudo-second-order
model,
isotherm
conformed
Freundlich's
model.
Furthermore,
M
high
reusability,
up
cycles
reuse,
while
SDG
cycles.
However,
decreased
87
85.19
upon
fifth
repetition.
In
conclusion,
enhances
capacity,
offering
economic
advantages
over
pure
increased
surface
area
active
sites.
