How will climatic warming affect insect pollinators?

Advances in insect physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 115

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Subtle morphological changes in the visual and antennal sensory system of bees and wasps across an urbanisation gradient

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 18, 2024

Abstract Increased temperature and fragmentation of green spaces in urban areas could drive variations functional traits insects. Such morphological shifts may occur for sensory systems, which were previously reported to be prone change with habitat characteristics non-urban contexts. Here, we measured related the visual antennal systems bees Halictus scabiosae Osmia cornuta wasp Polistes dominula along an urbanisation gradient within Milan (Italy). We hypothesised that filter better properties, higher fewer thermoreceptors more olfactory hairs. While controlling body size, results show subtle but appreciable responses one or all species, though not always supporting our hypotheses. O. shows marginally ommatidia density smaller diameter (associated resolution) fragmented sites, as well hotter agreement two predictions. On other hand, H. has antennae P. eyes at warmer locations, also 9th flagellomeres areas. Perhaps temperatures accelerate development system speed than rest these species. Our represent first evidence effects on wasps underline how such involve a much broader bouquet then observed.

Language: Английский

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Distribution widening of a ground-nesting social bee across Europe favored by climate change and urban setting

Apidologie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(3)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract Climate change and/or land use were repeatedly reported as important for both range expansion of alien bee species and shrinking native species. However, environmental changes may also positively affect that expand across contiguous areas to their ones. Here, we focused on Halictus scabiosae (Rossi, 1790) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), a ground-nesting, primitively eusocial wild has its primary distribution in Western-Southern Europe but was recently recorded Eastern-Central Europe. In particular, studied the patterns H. , hypothesized previously unsuitable be currently colonized because changes. last 5 years, moved densest record North-Eastern Europe, ecological niche remained almost unchanged from 1970 date, suggesting this is following preferred conditions (high temperature, high temperature seasonality, low precipitation seasonality). Potential models revealed suitability still unoccupied areas, with urbanization increasingly potential stepping stones towards expansion. The relevant role confirmed by increase number urban records through time fact cities greater population density fragmentation are more likely associated species’ occurrence. thus expanding climate producing—and environment offering—suitable inadequate establishment.

Language: Английский

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The effect of urbanisation and seasonality on wild bee abundance, body size and foraging efforts

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(4), P. 499 - 507

Published: April 15, 2023

Abstract Anthropogenic changes highly impact the world's biodiversity. An important human‐driven change to natural environments is increasing urbanisation, which responsible for decreasing suitable habitats many wild species, including bees. In this study, we investigate if three levels of urbanisation (low, medium and high) affect body size, foraging efforts abundance sweat bee Agapostemon virescens . Overall, A. was more abundant in medium‐urbanised sites. Second‐generation females (summer bees) were than overwintered (spring at all urbanisation. According female bees larger urbanised sites male efforts, observed an increase wing wear during spring a decrease summer. It also found female‐biased sex ratio under high male‐biased low Our results suggest that can still provide sufficient nesting resources addition our findings higher sites, maintaining different heterogenous landscapes within populous city might have positive on be sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Urbanisation reduced body size but potentially improved flight performance in bees and wasps

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 57 - 65

Published: Dec. 2, 2023

Urbanisation is a main driver of land-use change, leading to rising in temperatures and fragmentation reduction green areas. Bees wasps, which are important insect groups due the ecosystem services they provide, may respond this disturbance via changes morphological traits functionally relevant. To date, studies focusing on aspect only investigated few social bee species, often gave contrasting results even at intra-generic level. Here, we studied how body size, wing loading, ratio fluctuating asymmetry vary ground-nesting (Halictus scabiosae), solitary hole-nesting (Osmia cornuta) paper wasp (Polistes dominula) along an urbanisation gradient within Milan (Italy). By assessing effects temperature, areas vegetation productivity above-listed functional traits, found three species variably increasing urbanisation, albeit driving environmental parameters differed among species. More specifically, smaller individuals were sampled warmer (for bees) less productive wasps) gradient. Furthermore, greater values recorded locations for H. scabiosae, lower loading was more fragmented sites O. cornuta, with P. dominula. scabiosae dominula showed sites. Although distinct seemed sensitive different factors, our point toward consistent response: but potentially improved flight performance urbanised environments.

Language: Английский

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The Distribution of Wild Bee Species Along a Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Europe Depends on Their Flower Preferences

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim The functional diversity of bees contribute to the maintenance plant biodiversity because different species wild prefer and pollinate plants. Many bees, in particular with narrow flower preferences or specialised habitat requirements, are threatened by landscape homogenisation climate change. Nonetheless, we still lack an understanding large‐scale impacts anthropogenic stressors on distribution bee preferences. Location Northern Europe: Norway, Denmark Germany. Methods We combine a dataset comprising ~30,000 observations presences absences occurrences from structured surveys at 269 sites northern Europe investigate if modulate distributions across multiple environmental gradients. Bees were assigned continuous trait separating preference for short vs. tubular flowers. Results observe that either flowers (Fabaceae) plants shallow (including Apiaceae Brassicaceae) can be described score. likelihood observing along latitudinal gradient—encompassing variation temperature, atmospheric N deposition elevation—is dependent its Specifically, have higher occurrence latitudes, while non‐tubular increase towards south. Main Conclusions Our results improve our how species‐specific drives community‐wide shifts therefore help devise region‐specific conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Annual variation across functional traits: The effects of precipitation and land use on four wild bee species

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Abstract Understanding the impacts of urbanization and climate change on organisms has become increasingly critical in ecology conservation as these anthropogenic stressors negatively impact wildlife biodiversity, especially pollinators such bees. We analysed demographic (abundance sex ratio) morphological (body size wing wear) responses to inter‐annual variation four common wild bee species across an urban gradient Toronto, Canada. observed more significant shifts demography with precipitation than urbanization, diverse patterns depending species. The drier active season saw a decrease abundance for Agapostemon virescens Ceratina calcarata , whereas Bombus impatiens Xenoglossa pruinosa increased when compared previous year. Wetter seasons resulted smaller body sizes greater wear all examined. For larger bees ( A. B. X. ), increasing significantly females only foraging effort reduced intensity increased. small, cavity‐nesting bee, C. exhibited urbanization. Moderate better supported most assemblages morphology, suggesting that moderate land use provides green spaces adequate resources

Language: Английский

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Larger cities host richer bee faunas, but are no refuge for species with concerning conservation status: empirical evidence from Western Europe.

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 131 - 140

Published: June 19, 2024

In the context of worldwide biodiversity and wild bee decline, it is increasingly important to better understand effect land-use changes on communities at a global scale. To do so, we studied city area urban green spaces layout species richness community composition, as well with an unfavorable UICN conservation status. This study was based large European dataset encompassing 20 cities from France, Belgium Switzerland. We found mean in 96 ± 48 (SD), showing that this highly variable among cities. The main factor positively influencing city. Conversely, not significantly related total given city, measured spatial extent parks, wastelands other semi-natural habitats, excluding private gardens. Species status were quite scarce environments, especially when compared Red List Bees, could link their presence either or space area. Dissimilarities compositions associated any characteristics dissimilarity composition mainly driven by rarest species, most common ones majority sampled. Overall, these results emphasize larger host more but are no refuge for concerning Thus, stakeholders encouraged design favor support communities, perhaps mitigate established ecological filter.

Language: Английский

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Increasing road cover in urban areas is associated with greater midgut histological damage in a primitively eusocial bee

Insectes Sociaux, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 71(3), P. 331 - 341

Published: July 4, 2024

Abstract Urbanisation is associated with air and soil pollution, particularly from heavy metals. One of the tissues most exposed to such pollutants midgut epithelium as insects may ingest these food. Bees are one important urban insects, providing ecosystem services pollination. However, best our knowledge, no studies have investigated possible histological alterations bees caused by urbanisation. We sampled workers ground-nesting, primitively eusocial bee Halictus scabiosae in a large metropolis (Milan), aim test if individuals areas characterised higher urbanisation consequently pollution levels—defined here greater proportion roads—exhibit tissue cellular epithelium. obtained semi-thin sections through techniques, then adopted semi-quantitative approach assess morphological damage. The presented range including disorganisation, vacuolisation, nucleus karyorrhexis (one stages death). found damage score (calculated taking into account all alterations) frequency karyorrhectic nuclei sites roads (i.e. more urbanised). observed underline potential impairment digestive function highly urbanised areas.

Language: Английский

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Biotic homogenization and functional restructuring of bee communities in northern France: implications for conservation priorities

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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