Epidemiology of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

As the rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) continue to increase globally, so does prevalence metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Currently, 38% all adults 7-14% children adolescents have MASLD. By 2040, MASLD rate for is projected over 55%. Although many with will not develop progressive disease, given vast number patients MASLD, it has now become top indication transplant in United States those hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) women. However, most common cause mortality among remains death cardiovascular diseases. In addition outcomes (cirrhosis HCC), increased risk developing de-novo T2D, chronic kidney sarcopenia extrahepatic cancers. Furthermore, decreased health related quality life, work productivity, fatigue healthcare resource utilization substantial economic burden. Similar other lifestyle interventions heathy diet physical activity remain cornerstone managing these patients. a T2D drugs are available treat co-morbid Resmetirom only MASH-targeted medication that was recently approved by Federal Drug Administration use stage 2-3 fibrosis. The following review provides an overview epidemiology, its factors demonstrates without further global initiatives, may increase.

Language: Английский

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NAFLD/MASLD and the Gut–Liver Axis: From Pathogenesis to Treatment Options

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 366 - 366

Published: June 28, 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses an emerging threat topublic health. steatohepatitis (NASH) is reported to be the most rapidly rising cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in western world. Recently, a new term has been proposed: metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD). The introduction this terminology sparked debate about interchangeability these terms. pathogenesis NAFLD/MASLD thought multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. Among factors, alterations gut microbiota dysbiosis have recently garnered significant attention. In context, review will further discuss gut-liver axis, which refers bidirectional interaction between human liver. Additionally, therapeutic potential probiotics, particularly next-generation probiotics genetically engineered bacteria, explored. Moreover, role prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, phages as well fecal transplantation analyzed. Particularly for lean patients with NAFLD/MASLD, who limited treatment options, approaches that modify diversity composition may hold promise. However, due ongoing safety concerns modulate microbiota, large-scale studies are necessary better assess their efficacy treating NAFLD/MASLD.

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory Indices and MAFLD Prevalence in Hypertensive Patients: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Analysis from China

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 1623 - 1638

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Objective: Hypertension development and progression are largely influenced by inflammation, which plays a critical role activating the immune system causing damage to vascular endothelium. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is also associated with chronic low-grade drives via metabolic imbalances adipose tissue dysfunction. This study investigates relationship between inflammatory indices MAFLD in hypertensive patients assesses predictive accuracy of these for MAFLD. Methods: We performed cross-sectional analysis involving 34,303 from Chinese hospital-based registry. The diagnosis was established using dysfunction criteria alongside evidence hepatic steatosis confirmed through imaging. Complete blood counts were used calculate indices, including monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), systemic response index (SIRI), immune-inflammation (SII), aggregate inflammation (AISI). To assess MAFLD, multivariable logistic regression adjustments potential confounders. diagnostic performance analyzed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves area under curve (AUC) calculations. Results: Patients exhibited significantly elevated levels all compared those without. After adjustment, each standard deviation increase AISI, SIRI, SII 74%, 62%, 58% increased odds respectively. AUC AISI 0.659, indicating moderate accuracy. AUCs SIRI 0.626 0.619, respectively, while NLR, PLR, MLR had lower 0.593, 0.558, 0.589, Conclusion: In patients, especially show strong association their utility risk stratification within clinical settings. Further research needed evaluate effectiveness markers management Keywords: metabolic-dysfunction-associated disease, hypertension,

Language: Английский

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Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: The Influence of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Mitochondrial Dysfunctions, and the Role of Polyphenols

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. 1354 - 1354

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a clinical-pathological scenario that occurs due to the accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes which considered significant cause liver conditions and contributes an increased risk death worldwide. Even though possible causes MAFLD can involve interaction genetics, hormones, nutrition, lifestyle (diet sedentary lifestyle) most influential factor developing this condition. Polyphenols comprise many natural chemical compounds be helpful managing metabolic diseases. Therefore, aim review was investigate impact oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, role polyphenols MAFLD. Some reverse part damage related or among them are anthocyanin, baicalin, catechin, curcumin, chlorogenic acid, didymin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, luteolin, mangiferin, puerarin, punicalagin, resveratrol, silymarin. These have actions reducing plasma enzymes, body mass index, waist circumference, adipose visceral indices, lipids, glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, HOMA index. They also reduce nuclear factor-KB (NF-KB), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), blood pressure, fat content, steatosis fibrosis. On other hand, they improve HDL-c, adiponectin levels, fibrogenesis markers. results show promising prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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Association between neutrophil-albumin ratio and ultrasound-defined metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in U.S. adults: evidence from NHANES 2017–2018

BMC Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasingly prevalent, and systemic inflammation markers may play a role in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between neutrophil-albumin ratio (NAR) MAFLD. population-based was performed using data from NHANES 2017–2018 included 4526 individuals with median age of 44 years old, males account for 46.13% (n = 2088). Ultrasound-defined MAFLD diagnosed controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) threshold ≥ 285 dB/m. Differences baseline characteristics patients CAP dB/m < were analyzed. A generalized additive model (GAM) restricted cubic splines (RCS) applied explore nonlinear NAR CAP, followed by linear models (GLMs). Threshold effect analysis identify inflection point relationship. CAP-related variables ranked XG Boost random forest algorithms, predictive developed evaluated. The population 1,503 significantly elevated subjects (P 0.001), relationships observed. positively associated three GLMs, this remained after adjusting confounding factors or dividing into tertiles. Additionally, when 1.436, one-unit rise linked 3.304-fold increase risk NAFLD (OR 3.304, 95% CI: 2.649–4.122). NAR-based showed best performance AUC values 0.978 (training) 0.813 (validation). optimal predicting risk, highlighting importance

Language: Английский

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The Ability of the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index and Modified TyG Indexes to Predict the Presence of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in a Pediatric Population with Obesity

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 2341 - 2341

Published: March 28, 2025

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are increasingly prevalent among children adolescents with obesity, posing significant long-term cardiovascular risks. Non-invasive identification of at-risk individuals is crucial for a timely intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index its modified versions, TyG-body mass (TyG-BMI) TyG-waist circumference (TyG-WC), in predicting MASLD MetS large cohort obesity. Methods: A total 758 obesity (454 females, 304 males; mean age 14.8 ± 2.1 years; BMI 37.9 6.2 kg/m2) were included. was diagnosed via ultrasonography, while defined using International Diabetes Federation criteria. TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-BMI calculated all participants. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves generated assess accuracy these indexes, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative (NPV). Results: detected 38.9% participants, higher prevalence males (p < 0.0001). present 27.8% cohort, Among TyG-WC exhibited highest sensitivity (77.6%), whereas had specificity (63.3%). In MetS, three indexes performed better than MASLD, TyG demonstrating PPV (54.5%) NPV (87.5%). Predictive lower potentially due sex-specific differences fat distribution response. Conclusions: promising, non-invasive tools identifying at risk MetS. The superior high highlight incorporating anthropometric parameters into screening. Integrating routine clinical practice may enhance early detection, allowing intervention personalized management strategies, ultimately reducing burden diseases pediatric populations.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Through the Use of Omics Technologies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1589 - 1589

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD), is the most prevalent disorder globally, linked obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. Understanding its potential progression from simple steatosis cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) crucial for patient management treatment strategies. The disease's complexity requires innovative approaches early detection personalized care. Omics technologies-such genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, exposomics-are revolutionizing study of MASLD. These high-throughput techniques allow a deeper exploration molecular mechanisms driving progression. Genomics can identify genetic predispositions, whilst transcriptomics proteomics reveal changes in gene expression protein profiles during evolution. Metabolomics offers insights into alterations associated with MASLD, while exposomics links environmental exposures MASLD pathology. By integrating data various omics platforms, researchers map out intricate biochemical pathways involved This review discusses roles technologies enhancing understanding highlights diagnostic therapeutic targets within spectrum, emphasizing need non-invasive tools staging development.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): Emerging Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Livers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 11 - 11

Published: March 4, 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently redefined as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD), is the most common cause of chronic worldwide. Characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation, this encompasses a spectrum from simple steatosis to more severe forms, including steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Emerging evidence highlights pivotal role gut dysbiosis in pathogenesis MASLD. Dysbiosis disrupts gut–liver axis, an intricate communication network that regulates metabolic, immune, barrier functions. Alterations microbiota composition, increased permeability, translocation pro-inflammatory metabolites/factors have been shown trigger inflammatory fibrotic cascades, exacerbating inflammation injury. Recent studies identified microbiome signatures associated with MASLD, offering promise non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers paving way for new potential therapeutic strategies targeting dysbiosis. This review explores crucial MASLD need further targeted research field validate microbial optimize strategies. Comprehensive understanding axis may enable innovative approaches, transforming clinical management

Language: Английский

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Clinical and Economic Burden of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in a Spanish Mediterranean Region: A Population-Based Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 2441 - 2441

Published: April 3, 2025

Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent condition worldwide, with significant regional variability in prevalence estimates. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and economic burden of MASLD, metabolic (MASL), steatohepatitis (MASH) Valencian Community region Spain. Methods: We conducted retrospective analysis electronic medical records from public healthcare database individuals aged over 24 years 2012 2019. Results: Of 3,411,069 included 2019, 75,565 were diagnosed 74,065 MASL, 1504 MASH based on International Classification Diseases (ICD), corresponding 2.22%, 2.17%, 0.04%, respectively. Among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or obesity, MASLD was approximately three times 2.5 higher, respectively, compared overall population. The increased 2019 all populations studied. highest risk hospitalization associated liver-related causes, followed by all-cause hospitalization. cost per subject observed concomitant T2DM. Conclusions: Our findings indicate rising MASH, despite their potential underdiagnosis during period. presence high costs, particularly patients results underline need for more effective strategies enhance awareness improve resource allocation.

Language: Английский

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Association of cardiometabolic markers with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in population without obesity and diabetes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 5, 2025

The link between cardiometabolic markers and hepatic steatosis liver fibrosis in non-hypertensive, non-diabetic populations remains unclear. A study was conducted using data from the National Health Nutrition Examination Survey. Hepatic were assessed vibration-controlled transient elastography. Logistic regression restricted cubic splines (RCS) used to evaluate associations of index (CMI), atherogenic plasma (AIP), triglyceride-glucose (TyG), estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) on fibrosis. Mediation analysis examined role insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) enzymes. Among 1489 participants, 39.15% had 2.82% Higher CMI (OR = 3.967, 95%CI: 2.297, 6.851), AIP 3.255, 2.031, 5.216), TyG 3.689, 2.363, 5.760), FLI 2.695, 1.997, 7.816) tertiles Q3 linked increased odds, while eGDR reduced odds 0.217, 0.127, 0.373). AUC values these four cardiac greater than FLI, among which showed highest predictive value (AUC 0.781). In population, 1.419, 1.033, 2.747), 5.527, 1.082, 28.242), 2.345, 1.180, 4.661) also significant association with fibrosis, FIB-4 not associated discriminative ability for 0.798). HOMA-IR mediated 25.50%~36.20% markers' steatosis, followed by Cardiometabolic are strongly without traditional risk factors, even outperforming established marker, highlighting their potential early disease identification seemingly healthy individuals.

Language: Английский

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