Current and Evolving Concepts in the Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 353 - 353

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background/Objectives: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by severe and reduced functionality, which can significantly affect an individual’s quality of life. The current treatment CRPS challenging. However, recent advances in diagnostic methods show promise for improving patient outcomes. This review aims to place the question a broader context highlight objectives research future directions management CRPS. Methods: study involved comprehensive literature review. Results: Research has identified three primary pathophysiological pathways that may explain clinical variability observed CRPS: inflammatory mechanisms, vasomotor dysfunction, maladaptive neuroplasticity. Investigations into these have spurred development novel strategies focused on N-Methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists (NMDA), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), α1 α2 adrenoreceptors, as well identification microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers. Treatment being explored include immune glial-modulating agents, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy, plasma exchange neuromodulation techniques. Additionally, there ongoing debate regarding efficacy other treatments, such free radical scavengers, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators metformin, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors tadalafil. Conclusions: controversies surrounding diagnosis, prompted researchers investigate new approaches aimed at enhancing understanding condition, with goal alleviating symptoms reducing associated disabilities.

Language: Английский

Comparative long-term efficacy of short-term spinal cord stimulation versus bipolar pulsed radiofrequency for refractory postherpetic neuralgia: a 24 month prospective study

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: April 12, 2025

Language: Английский