Bridging length scales in hard materials with ultra-small angle X-ray scattering – a critical review DOI Creative Commons
Fan Zhang, Ján Ilavský

IUCrJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 675 - 694

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Owing to their exceptional properties, hard materials such as advanced ceramics, metals and composites have enormous economic societal value, with applications across numerous industries. Understanding microstructural characteristics is crucial for enhancing performance, development unleashing potential future innovative applications. However, microstructures are unambiguously hierarchical typically span several length scales, from sub-ångstrom micrometres, posing demanding challenges characterization, especially in situ characterization which critical understanding the kinetic processes controlling microstructure formation. This review provides a comprehensive description of rapidly developing technique ultra-small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS), nondestructive method probing nano-to-micrometre scale features materials. USAXS its complementary techniques, when developed applied materials, offer valuable insights into porosity, grain size, phase composition inhomogeneities. We discuss fundamental principles, instrumentation, advantages, global status Using selected examples, we demonstrate this unveiling relevance manufacturing process optimization. also provide our perspective on opportunities continued USAXS, including multimodal coherent scattering, time-resolved studies, machine learning autonomous experiments. Our goal stimulate further implementation exploration techniques inspire broader adoption various domains science, thereby driving field toward discoveries developments.

Language: Английский

Outcomes and Conclusions from the 2022 AM Bench Measurements, Challenge Problems, Modeling Submissions, and Conference DOI Creative Commons
Lyle E. Levine, Brandon Lane, Chandler A. Becker

et al.

Integrating materials and manufacturing innovation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 598 - 621

Published: July 17, 2024

Abstract The Additive Manufacturing Benchmark Test Series (AM Bench) provides rigorous measurement data for validating additive manufacturing (AM) simulations a broad range of AM technologies and material systems. Bench includes extensive in situ ex measurements, simulation challenges the modeling community, corresponding conference series. In 2022, second round challenge problems, were completed, focusing primarily upon laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processing metals, both extrusion vat photopolymerization polymers. all, more than 100 people from 10 National Institute Standards Technology (NIST) divisions 21 additional organizations directly involved 2022 management, organization. international community submitted 138 sets blind comparison with up 46 submissions first 2018. Analysis these valuable insight into current capabilities. are permanently archived freely accessible online. also hosted an embedded workshop on qualification certification materials components.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Laser-Direct Energy Deposition of the High γʹ LW 4280 Ni-Based Superalloy DOI Creative Commons
Ashutosh Jena,

Alexandre Gontcharov,

Paul Lowden

et al.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 180503 - 180503

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Location-Specific Microstructure Characterization Within AM Bench 2022 Nickel Alloy 718 3D Builds DOI Creative Commons
Lyle E. Levine, Maureen Williams, Adam Creuziger

et al.

Integrating materials and manufacturing innovation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 585 - 597

Published: July 15, 2024

Abstract The Additive Manufacturing Benchmark Test Series (AM Bench) is a broad effort to produce rigorous measurement datasets for validating AM computer simulations across the range of processing, structure, and properties, many additive manufacturing (AM) build methods material classes. Here, microstructures nickel alloy 718 Bench 2022 test artifacts produced using laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB), in both as-built fully heat-treated conditions, are examined. Cross sections primarily characterized large area scanning electron microscopy (SEM) backscatter diffraction (EBSD) example analyses crystallographic textures described. These data part set situ ex measurements from three-dimensional builds laser tracks on bare plates. All available online with download links at www.nist.gov/ambench .

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Bridging length scales in hard materials with ultra-small angle X-ray scattering – a critical review DOI Creative Commons
Fan Zhang, Ján Ilavský

IUCrJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 675 - 694

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Owing to their exceptional properties, hard materials such as advanced ceramics, metals and composites have enormous economic societal value, with applications across numerous industries. Understanding microstructural characteristics is crucial for enhancing performance, development unleashing potential future innovative applications. However, microstructures are unambiguously hierarchical typically span several length scales, from sub-ångstrom micrometres, posing demanding challenges characterization, especially in situ characterization which critical understanding the kinetic processes controlling microstructure formation. This review provides a comprehensive description of rapidly developing technique ultra-small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS), nondestructive method probing nano-to-micrometre scale features materials. USAXS its complementary techniques, when developed applied materials, offer valuable insights into porosity, grain size, phase composition inhomogeneities. We discuss fundamental principles, instrumentation, advantages, global status Using selected examples, we demonstrate this unveiling relevance manufacturing process optimization. also provide our perspective on opportunities continued USAXS, including multimodal coherent scattering, time-resolved studies, machine learning autonomous experiments. Our goal stimulate further implementation exploration techniques inspire broader adoption various domains science, thereby driving field toward discoveries developments.

Language: Английский

Citations

2