The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation Over Cytokine Modulation in Athletes After a Bout of Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background
Exercise-induced
inflammation,
especially
after
intense
or
prolonged
physical
activity,
can
hinder
recovery
in
athletes.
Probiotic
supplementation
has
been
suggested
as
a
potential
method
to
modulate
this
inflammatory
response
by
influencing
the
gut
microbiota.
However,
effects
of
probiotics
on
cytokine
profiles
following
exercise
remain
unclear.
This
systematic
review
and
meta-analysis
aimed
assess
impact
probiotic
modulation
athletes
aged
18–50
years
exercise.
Methods
Randomized
controlled
trials
(RCTs)
that
administered
for
at
least
one
week
were
included.
Studies
comparing
placebo
no
supplementation,
with
post-exercise
levels
primary
outcome,
analyzed.
A
search
was
conducted
across
four
databases
up
June
2024.
Risk
bias
assessed
using
McMaster
Critical
Review
Form,
random-effects
meta-analyses
performed
determine
supplementation.
Results
total
19
studies
involving
526
from
various
endurance
disciplines
included
review.
significantly
increased
anti-inflammatory
interleukin-10
(IL-10)
(SMD
=
0.43;
95%
CI:
0.25
0.61;
I²
0%).
significant
observed
other
cytokines,
including
IL-1β,
IL-6,
IL-8,
TNF-α,
IFN-γ.
Subgroup
analyses
supported
consistency
IL-10
findings
different
protocols,
though
substantial
heterogeneity
some
cytokines.
The
variability
study
designs,
strains,
dosages,
modalities
contributed
mixed
results.
Conclusion
appears
enhance
responses
post-exercise,
particularly
increasing
levels,
which
may
aid
evidence
regarding
its
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
remains
inconclusive.
Further
well-designed
RCTs
are
needed
clarify
these
establish
standardized
protocols
Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 28, 2025
Language: Английский