Conflict-associated wounds and burns infected with GLASS pathogens in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A systematic review DOI Creative Commons

A. E. Wild,

Clare Shortall,

Omar Dewachi

et al.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract Background While the relationship between conflict-associated injuries and antimicrobial resistance is increasingly being elucidated, data concerning civilian casualties sparse. This systematic review assesses literature focused on Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Priority Pathogens causing infections in wounds burns conflict-affected countries within World Health Organisation’s Eastern Mediterranean Region Office (EMRO). Methods A was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review Meta-Analyses guidelines. Five databases grey were searched, identifying studies published from January 2010 to June 2024. Search terms included “wounds”, “burns,” “antimicrobial resistance”, twelve of interest. Included reported GLASS pathogens. Two reviewers used Covidence assess papers inclusion. Data extracted into a spreadsheet analysis. Where quantitative available, medians, interquartile ranges percentages calculated by pathogen country. Results 621 records identified; 19 met inclusion criteria. Nine Iraq, three Libya, Lebanon, one each Yemen Gaza; two conflict affected refugees Jordan. total 1,942 distinct microbiological isolates reported, representing all four critical high priority categories. Among isolates, Staphylococcus aureus most prevalent (36.3%). Median resistances identified: Methicillin resistant (n = 680) : 55.6% (IQR:49.65–90.3%); carbapenem Pseudomonas aeruginosa 372) 22.14% (7.43–52.22%); Acinetobacter baumannii 366) 60.3% (32.1–85%); Klebsiella pneumoniae 75): 12.65% (9.73–34.25%) ; ceftriaxone Escherichia coli 63) 76% (69–84.65%); 40) 81.45% (76.73–86.18%). Only had low risk bias. Discussion Findings imply rates pathogens among wounded civilians EMRO countries. However, evidence heterogeneous, quality sparse certain countries, highlighting necessity effective surveillance including standardised collection. Improving primary will facilitate production large, high-quality throughout EMRO, under-represented Conclusion Laboratory diagnostic capacity building improved settings are required burden vulnerable non-combatant populations.

Language: Английский

Antibiotic Resistance in Developing Countries: Emerging Threats and Policy Responses DOI Creative Commons
Hedayatullah Ehsan

Public Health Challenges, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Abstract Objectives This narrative review investigates the key drivers of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) evaluates effectiveness policy responses. It highlights unique challenges these regions face provides actionable recommendations for mitigating AMR. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, supplemented by reports from global health organizations. Studies published between 2010 2023 focusing on AMR LMICs were included. Thematic analysis synthesized data into drivers, challenges, intervention strategies. Results The major include unregulated antibiotic sales, overuse misuse antibiotics, weak healthcare infrastructure, poor infection control, environmental contamination. Socio‐economic factors, such as self‐medication limited access, exacerbate problem. Although strategies like stewardship (AMS) programs, regulatory reforms, public education campaigns have shown potential, their is hindered resource limitations governance challenges. Conclusions Combatting requires tailored, multi‐sectoral interventions that strengthen systems, enforce strict regulations, enhance awareness, foster international collaboration. Policymakers must prioritize investments diagnostic AMS, culturally adapted to reduce safeguard health.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Antimicrobial Resistance and Migration: Interrelation Between Two Hot Topics in Global Health DOI Creative Commons

Sergio Cotugno,

Elda De Vita, Luisa Frallonardo

et al.

Annals of Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 91(1), P. 12 - 12

Published: March 6, 2025

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and migration are two interlinked issues both pose an escalating threat to global health. With increasing trend, there 281 million migrants globally, while AMR is contributing over 5 deaths annually, with a projected rise 10 by 2050 if left unaddressed. Both multifaceted problems that extend beyond human health, involving animals, plants, the environment-a fact highlighted One Health approach. Objective: The aim of this work is: (1) examine complex relationship between AMR, drawing on epidemiological data, surveillance strategies, healthcare access challenges (2) address interventional strategy proposal. Methods: We performed narrative review most updated literature about using three primary databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase. Findings: Migrants, particularly from low‑ middle‑income countries, represent unique group at increased risk due factors such as overcrowded living conditions, limited healthcare, uncontrolled use antibiotics, high prevalence in origin countries. Studies reveal higher rates colonization infection among compared native populations, specific pathogens MRSA multidrug‑resistant gram‑negative bacteria posing significant risks. Migratory socioeconomic vulnerability, barriers contribute heightened risk. Conclusion: To intersection interventions must focus improving enhancing access, promoting appropriate antibiotic use, strengthening microbiological surveillance. Multisectoral collaboration essential mitigate spread safeguard migrant public

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Insights into the ecological and climate crisis: emerging infections threatening human health DOI Creative Commons
Francesco Vladimiro Segala, Giacomo Guido, Giacomo Stroffolini

et al.

Acta Tropica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107531 - 107531

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The Anthropocene era is marked by unprecedented human-induced alterations to the environment, resulting in a climate emergency and widespread ecological deterioration. A staggering number of up one million species plants animals are danger becoming extinct, which includes over 10% insect 40% plant species. Unrestrained release greenhouse gases, deforestation, intense agricultural practices, excessive fishing, land use have exceeded boundaries that were once responsible for humanity's wellbeing. As per Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), existing policies expected result minimum rise global temperature +2°C, with more recent assessments indicating potential increase +2.9°C. effects change degradation formation diseases complex multiple aspects. Deforestation diminishes biodiversity compels wildlife come into greater proximity humans, hence promoting transmission zoonotic diseases. intensifies these impacts modifying habitats disease carrying organisms, expansion vector-borne such as malaria, dengue, Zika virus previously unaffected areas. Furthermore, amplifies occurrence severity extreme weather phenomena, undermines water, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) practices. This creates an environment conducive waterborne cholera densely populated resettlement camps. Climate-induced disasters contribute complexity epidemiological landscapes, exacerbating antimicrobial resistance posing threat modern medical advancements. narrative review investigates connections between ecological-climatic crises emerging illnesses, offering overview how environmental changes outbreaks pose substantial public health.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Conflict-associated wounds and burns infected with GLASS pathogens in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A systematic review DOI Creative Commons

A. E. Wild,

Clare Shortall,

Omar Dewachi

et al.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract Background While the relationship between conflict-associated injuries and antimicrobial resistance is increasingly being elucidated, data concerning civilian casualties sparse. This systematic review assesses literature focused on Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Priority Pathogens causing infections in wounds burns conflict-affected countries within World Health Organisation’s Eastern Mediterranean Region Office (EMRO). Methods A was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review Meta-Analyses guidelines. Five databases grey were searched, identifying studies published from January 2010 to June 2024. Search terms included “wounds”, “burns,” “antimicrobial resistance”, twelve of interest. Included reported GLASS pathogens. Two reviewers used Covidence assess papers inclusion. Data extracted into a spreadsheet analysis. Where quantitative available, medians, interquartile ranges percentages calculated by pathogen country. Results 621 records identified; 19 met inclusion criteria. Nine Iraq, three Libya, Lebanon, one each Yemen Gaza; two conflict affected refugees Jordan. total 1,942 distinct microbiological isolates reported, representing all four critical high priority categories. Among isolates, Staphylococcus aureus most prevalent (36.3%). Median resistances identified: Methicillin resistant (n = 680) : 55.6% (IQR:49.65–90.3%); carbapenem Pseudomonas aeruginosa 372) 22.14% (7.43–52.22%); Acinetobacter baumannii 366) 60.3% (32.1–85%); Klebsiella pneumoniae 75): 12.65% (9.73–34.25%) ; ceftriaxone Escherichia coli 63) 76% (69–84.65%); 40) 81.45% (76.73–86.18%). Only had low risk bias. Discussion Findings imply rates pathogens among wounded civilians EMRO countries. However, evidence heterogeneous, quality sparse certain countries, highlighting necessity effective surveillance including standardised collection. Improving primary will facilitate production large, high-quality throughout EMRO, under-represented Conclusion Laboratory diagnostic capacity building improved settings are required burden vulnerable non-combatant populations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0