Tree crop interactions, productivity and physiological efficiency of understorey crops in Alnus nepalensis and Gmelina arborea based agroforestry systems in Eastern Himalayas DOI Creative Commons
Krishnappa Rangappa, Nongmaithem Raju Singh,

Rajappa Janyanaik Joga

et al.

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Climate change, land degradation, and shrinking resources are major limitations for increasing crop productivity in the East Himalayan Region (EHR). Agroforestry having a plethora of complementarities is preferable land-use option improving agricultural while conserving natural resources. The effects agroforestry systems with Gamhari ( Gmelina arborea ) (GAFS) Alder Alnus nepalensis (AAFS) as tree components, on soil nutrients, physiological characteristics, turmeric Curcuma longa L.), elephant foot yam Amorphophallus paeoniifolius ), colocasia Colocasia esculenta were assessed split plot design trees main plots understorey crops sub-plots. hypothesis study was components had enriched soils favorably influenced attributes crops, enhancing yields maximising productivities. AAFS canopy higher p < 0.05) leaf area index (LAI = 2.19) than GAFS 1.01). recorded 32% lower photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sole under treeless conditions (TLS). ANOVA revealed significant interactions 0.01) between their influence chlorophyll content (SCMR), thickness (LT), stomatal size (SS), frequency (SF), conductance (gs), photosynthetic rates (A), transpiration (E), intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous water use efficiency (iWUE) (YLD). SCMR, SS, SF, gs, iWUE, YLD increased significantly over TLS, whereas, SF E decreased 0.05). Regression traits showed SS b 0.0884, 0.002), gs 0.00934, 0.018), iWUE 0.2981, 0.008) positively, whereas −0.0381, 0.019) −2.304, 0.02) negatively impacted crops. Alder-turmeric system harnessed attenuated light better fertility most favorably, supporting high low E, A, to produce YLD. Turmeric achieved highest (USD 4,281 ha −1 year AAFS. Soil pH, organic carbon nitrogen after 14 years converting lands systems. effective tree-crop pairing delivering enhanced productivity, health economic returns sustainable agriculture EHR.

Language: Английский

Tree crop interactions, productivity and physiological efficiency of understorey crops in Alnus nepalensis and Gmelina arborea based agroforestry systems in Eastern Himalayas DOI Creative Commons
Krishnappa Rangappa, Nongmaithem Raju Singh,

Rajappa Janyanaik Joga

et al.

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Climate change, land degradation, and shrinking resources are major limitations for increasing crop productivity in the East Himalayan Region (EHR). Agroforestry having a plethora of complementarities is preferable land-use option improving agricultural while conserving natural resources. The effects agroforestry systems with Gamhari ( Gmelina arborea ) (GAFS) Alder Alnus nepalensis (AAFS) as tree components, on soil nutrients, physiological characteristics, turmeric Curcuma longa L.), elephant foot yam Amorphophallus paeoniifolius ), colocasia Colocasia esculenta were assessed split plot design trees main plots understorey crops sub-plots. hypothesis study was components had enriched soils favorably influenced attributes crops, enhancing yields maximising productivities. AAFS canopy higher p < 0.05) leaf area index (LAI = 2.19) than GAFS 1.01). recorded 32% lower photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sole under treeless conditions (TLS). ANOVA revealed significant interactions 0.01) between their influence chlorophyll content (SCMR), thickness (LT), stomatal size (SS), frequency (SF), conductance (gs), photosynthetic rates (A), transpiration (E), intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous water use efficiency (iWUE) (YLD). SCMR, SS, SF, gs, iWUE, YLD increased significantly over TLS, whereas, SF E decreased 0.05). Regression traits showed SS b 0.0884, 0.002), gs 0.00934, 0.018), iWUE 0.2981, 0.008) positively, whereas −0.0381, 0.019) −2.304, 0.02) negatively impacted crops. Alder-turmeric system harnessed attenuated light better fertility most favorably, supporting high low E, A, to produce YLD. Turmeric achieved highest (USD 4,281 ha −1 year AAFS. Soil pH, organic carbon nitrogen after 14 years converting lands systems. effective tree-crop pairing delivering enhanced productivity, health economic returns sustainable agriculture EHR.

Language: Английский

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