Governing for Transformative Change across the Biodiversity–Climate–Society Nexus

BioScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 72(7), P. 684 - 704

Published: April 15, 2022

Abstract Transformative governance is key to addressing the global environmental crisis. We explore how transformative of complex biodiversity–climate–society interactions can be achieved, drawing on first joint report between Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change and Science-Policy Platform Biodiversity Ecosystem Services reflect current opportunities, barriers, challenges for governance. identify principles under a nexus frame using four case studies: forest ecosystems, marine urban environments, Arctic. The are focused creating conditions build multifunctional interventions, integration, innovation across scales; coalitions support; equitable approaches; positive social tipping dynamics. posit that building such not only possible but essential effectively keep climate change within desired 1.5 degrees Celsius mean temperature increase, halt ongoing accelerated decline biodiversity, promote human well-being.

Language: Английский

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The relationship between green roofs and urban biodiversity: a systematic review

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(7), P. 1771 - 1796

Published: June 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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The One Health approach for allergic diseases and asthma

Allergy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(7), P. 1777 - 1793

Published: April 29, 2023

Abstract The One Health approach is a collaborative and interdisciplinary strategy with focal point on human, animal, environmental health interconnections. can support the advanced management of allergic diseases asthma, as complex, multifactorial driven by interactions between resilience response to exposome. According concept asthma arising from exposures wide range allergens, infectious agents irritants (such pollutants) occurring indoors outdoors be heavily influenced (air, water, soil quality) intermingled animal health. These are currently impacted climate change, land use, urbanization, migration, overpopulation, many more. Thus, coordinated address underlying factors that contribute development needs focus environment, altogether. Collaborative efforts across multiple sectors, including public health, veterinary medicine, science, community engagement thus needed. A activities, monitoring surveillance data, targeted interventions reduce allergens irritants, research mechanisms drive needed move field forward. In this consensus document elaborated European Academy Allergy Clinical Immunology (EAACI) American Allergy, Asthma, (AAAAI) under practical allergy (PRACTALL) series, we provide insights into Heath aiming framework for addressing complex nature asthma.

Language: Английский

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Mapping ecosystem services in urban and peri‑urban areas. A systematic review

Geography and sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3), P. 491 - 509

Published: June 30, 2024

Urban and peri‑urban ecosystems are subjected to an intense impact. The demand for ecosystem services (ES) is higher in these areas. Nevertheless, despite the anthropogenic pressures, urban supply important ES. Mapping a crucial exercise understand ES dynamics environments better. This work aims systematically review mapping areas studies, following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-alpha Methods. A total of 207 studies were selected. results show increased between 2011 2023, mainly conducted Europe China. Most developed did not follow established classification. focused on dimension, regulation maintenance section. Regarding provisioning ES, most Cultivating terrestrial plants nutrition, regulating maintaining Atmospheric composition conditions, cultural Physical experiential interactions with natural environment. Quantitative methods mostly applied Indicator-based (secondary data: biophysical, socio-economic) models. Very few validated outputs. Several forecasted primarily based land use changes using CA-Markov approaches. study provides overview mapped globally, where more need be conducted, developed.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Community Gardens’ role in mitigating air pollution and expanding social opportunities: lessons from a neighborhood with limited green infrastructure in Tehran city

Energy Nexus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100363 - 100363

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Ecosystem restoration is integral to humanity's recovery from COVID-19

The Lancet Planetary Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 6(9), P. e769 - e773

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

COVID-19 has devastated global communities and economies. The pandemic exposed socioeconomic disparities weaknesses in health systems worldwide. Long-term effects economic recovery are major concerns. Ecosystem restoration-ie, the repair of ecosystems that have been degraded-relates directly to tackling burdens COVID-19, because stable resilient fundamental determinants stability. Here, we use as a case study, showing how ecosystem restoration can reduce risk infection adverse sequelae an integral role humanity's from COVID-19. next decade will be crucial for repair. Indeed, absence effective, large-scale restoration, 95% Earth's land could degraded by 2050. UN Decade on Restoration (2021-30) declaration reflects growing urgency scale at which should ecosystems. Importantly, also help combat issues associated with yet it is poorly integrated into current responses disease. core public intervention assist if closely socioeconomic, health, environmental policies.

Language: Английский

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Responses of avian assemblages to spatiotemporal landscape dynamics in urban ecosystems

Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 293 - 305

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Abstract Context Urbanization and its associated impacts on biodiversity are increasing globally. There is a need to enhance our understanding of species responses inform strategies for sustainable urbanization. Objectives Three extensive bird monitoring campaigns took place over the last three decades in city Naples, Italy, providing comprehensive longitudinal dataset analyse occurrence trends urban birds. We aimed assess both species-specific assemblage-level changes birds according land cover dynamics. Methods extracted data periods 1990–95, 2000–05, 2014–18, explored spatial temporal relationships between presence/avian assemblage composition, variation. Results The richness breeding remained stable time, despite notable turnover, influenced by species’ key classes. Species with forest tended colonise area, while those dependent abandoned cultivated areas decreased or went locally extinct. Birds changed their degree dependence upon habitat type as from marginal open types needed larger amounts persist within showed an opposite trend. Conclusions Habitat-driven avian assemblages landscape led increase forest-associated species, decrease declining types. Our findings may planning promote more wildlife-friendly cities, which study area should prioritise habitats.

Language: Английский

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Urban forest soils harbour distinct and more diverse communities of bacteria and fungi compared to less disturbed forest soils

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(2), P. 504 - 517

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

Anthropogenic changes to land use drive concomitant in biodiversity, including that of the soil microbiota. However, it is not clear how increasing intensity human disturbance reflected microbial communities. To address this issue, we used amplicon sequencing quantify microbiota (bacteria and fungi) forests (n = 312) experiencing four different uses, national parks (set aside for nature conservation), managed (for forestry purposes), suburban (on border an urban area) (fully within a town or city), which broadly represent gradient anthropogenic disturbance. Alpha diversity bacteria fungi increased with levels disturbance, was thus highest forest soils lowest parks. The communities were structured according level signature evident both fungi. Despite notable differences community composition, there little change predicted functional traits bacteria. By contrast, exhibited marked loss ectomycorrhizal Soil pH positively correlated strongest predictor variation alpha beta communities, indicating role alkalinity structuring Hence, our study shows properties promote increase composition.

Language: Английский

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Biophilic cities and health

Cities & Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 175 - 188

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Historical redlining is associated with disparities in wildlife biodiversity in four California cities

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(25)

Published: June 11, 2024

Legacy effects describe the persistent, long-term impacts on an ecosystem following removal of abiotic or biotic feature. Redlining, a policy that codified racial segregation and disinvestment in minoritized neighborhoods, has produced legacy with profound urban structure health. These legacies have detrimentally impacted public health outcomes, socioeconomic stability, environmental However, collateral redlining wildlife communities are uncertain. Here, we investigated whether faunal biodiversity was associated redlining. We used home-owner loan corporation (HOLC) maps [grades A (i.e., “best” “greenlined”), B, C, D “hazardous” “redlined”)] across four cities California contributory science data (iNaturalist) to estimate alpha beta diversity six clades (mammals, birds, insects, arachnids, reptiles, amphibians) as function HOLC grade. found greenlined unique species were detected less sampling effort, redlined neighborhoods needing over 8,000 observations detect same number species. Historically had lower native nonnative richness compared each city, disparities remaining at clade level. Further, community composition diversity) consistently differed among grades for all cities, including large differences assemblage observed between green neighborhoods. Our work spotlights lasting social injustices ecology emphasizing conservation management efforts must incorporate antiracist, justice-informed lens improve environments.

Language: Английский

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