Social Determinants of Health Among American Indians and Alaska Natives and Tribal Communities: Comparison with Other Major Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States, 1990–2022

International Journal of Maternal and Child Health and AIDS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e010 - e010

Published: May 20, 2024

Background and Objective Limited research exists on health inequities between American Indians Alaska Natives (AIANs), tribal communities, other population groups in the United States. To address this gap research, we conducted time-trend analyses of social determinants disease outcomes for AIANs as a whole specific communities compared them with those from major racial/ethnic groups. Methods We used data 1990–2022 National Vital Statistics System, 2015–2022 Community Survey, 2018–2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine socioeconomic, health, disability, disease, mortality patterns AIANs. Results In 2021, life expectancy at birth was 70.6 years AIANs, lower than that Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (84.1), Hispanics (78.8), non-Hispanic Whites (76.3). All experienced decline pre-pandemic year 2019 peak pandemic 2021. However, impact COVID-19 greatest Blacks whose decreased by 6.3 5.8 years, respectively. The infant rate 8.5 per 1,000 live births, 78% higher Whites. One five assessed their physical mental poor, twice or general population. leading cause death among Risks alcohol-related problems, drug overdose, unintentional injuries, homicide were had highest overall ambulatory uninsurance, unemployment, poverty rates, differences these indicators varying markedly across AIAN tribes. Conclusion Global Health Implications remain disadvantaged group US many socioeconomic indicators, rates Native reservations exceeding 40%.

Language: Английский

Life expectancy disparities in Florida: a quantitative analysis of two counties

South Florida Journal of Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. e4241 - e4241

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Objectives. Despite substantial healthcare spending in the United States, health outcomes for low socioeconomic status populations remain less than general population. This disparity is significantly influenced by social determinants of (SDOH), such as income, education, and environment. study delved into influence SDOH on life expectancy gap between two Florida counties, Collier (with high expectancy) Marion expectancy). Examining these contrasting counties aims to identify how contributed this disparity. Methods. comprehensive quantitative analysis considered three key areas: demographics, SDOH, internal external factors death longevity. Demographic data average were collected converted z scores. Linear regression was deployed understand relationship demographic variables. The scores from latest Health Charts (n.d.) used a linear determine each county influences years potential lost (YPLL). approach aimed reveal characteristics counties. Survey Results. revealed robust correlation causes (chronic diseases), which impact expectancy. explain portion variation YPLL both However, association requires further investigation. While positive existed, it lacks statistical significance, suggesting involvement other factors. These findings underscore importance addressing policies practices reduce gap. Conclusions. clear County has higher median diverse population, excellent working-age Conversely, County, with lower diversity, younger more children, risk chronic diseases highlighted understanding variations emphasized need targeted interventions address improve across communities.

Language: Английский