Optimization of PLA/Mg/PEG biocomposite filaments for 3D-printed bone scaffolds using response surface methodology (RSM)

Advanced Manufacturing Polymer & Composites Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

This study optimizes biocomposite filaments composed of polylactic acid (PLA), magnesium (Mg), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for bone scaffold applications via 3D printing. Using Response Surface Methodology, extrusion parameters including temperature, screw speed, Mg PEG proportions were optimized to achieve a consistent filament diameter 1.75 mm, meeting printing standards. Extrusion temperature significantly influenced by reducing PLA viscosity at higher temperatures. Screw speed impacted uniformity density, while enhanced strength but posed challenges in uniform distribution. improved flexibility, mitigating Mg-induced stiffness. Scanning electron microscopy revealed voids uneven inclusions, indicating areas process enhancement. These findings advance the development filaments, providing foundation fabrication techniques tissue engineering.

Language: Английский

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A Tribological investigation of fly ash particulate‐loaded E‐glass fiber reinforced interpenetrating polymer network composites

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(14), P. 13348 - 13358

Published: June 26, 2024

Abstract Environmentally‐friendly materials are increasingly sought in use of both structural and non‐structural applications. Most the prominent places, particulates fibers exclusively utilized to reinforce polymeric composites, aiming enhance their strength provide effective protection against wear. Currently, one most pressing issues encountered current industries wear tear, mostly happens during manufacturing agricultural operations. To overcome this issue, study examines into exploring effects different weight ratios (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% by wt.%) fly ash (FA) loading on abrasive characteristics Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) composites strengthened with E‐Glass fibers. Abrasion tests, conducted accordance ASTM D99 standard which involves five control parameters: load, FA content, speed, sliding distance, surface roughness. Experimental design Taguchi's orthogonal array (L25), opts ANOVA identify significant factors. Results indicate that addition substantially enhances resistance particulate‐loaded fiber reinforced IPN composites. Moreover, specific rate is significantly influenced applied load content. However experimental data suggests optimal behavior for occurs under conditions 50 N 3% 300 rpm 4000 m 0.3 μm disc Further, scanning electron microscopy was also employed examine microstructural details better know micro‐mechanism between matrix reinforcement. Highlights Utilization composite strength. laminates fabricated 0%–7% particulate loads. thoroughly evaluated through testing. DOE guided using L25 array. SEM analysis reveals superior quality ash‐loaded IPN.

Language: Английский

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Modeling raster bead deformation process for monitoring fused filament fabrication using acoustic emission

Progress in Additive Manufacturing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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An inclusive study on hygrothermal aging effects on tribological and physical properties of E‐glass fiber reinforced interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composites

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 13, 2025

Abstract Nowadays, polymeric composite materials are principally utilized in most structural and wear applications. Considerable amounts of foregoing works have emphasized the performance composites subjected to (dry) sliding conditions, especially those strengthened with fiber reinforcements other filler materials. Also, another omission has been witnessed regarding while hygrothermal environments. In this study, influence (accelerated) aging on mechanical tribological factors completely analyzed E‐glass reinforced interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) laminates. Moreover, additionally strengthen IPN laminate, nanoclay infused into matrix materials, such as 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%. As material, a blending 70% epoxy 30% polyurethane chosen. Additionally, order thoroughly investigate physical strength laminates during aging, tests like water absorption, dynamic analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile test, analysis conducted dry specimens samples environments by placing temperatures 50°C, 60°C, 70°C. result, it found that proportion 5% dispersion apparently excelled all investigations rather than specimens. understand microscopic changes laminates, electron were also carried out explore possibility usage marine Highlights Nanoclay improved composites' thermal stability. Filler levels ranged from 0% 9% epoxy‐polyurethane matrices. Tests evaluated aged at Optimal properties observed filler. SEM revealed enhanced microstructural integrity inclusion.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Infill Density on the Mechanical Properties and Design of 3d-Printed Structures

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Synergistic effects of annealing heat treatment and lignocellulose fiber incorporation on the thermal, mechanical, and water absorption properties of poly(lactic acid)‐based biocomposites

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Abstract This study investigates the effect of annealing heat treatment on polymer composites composed entirely biodegradable components. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was used as matrix material paired with three different types commercial lignocellulose fibers varying sizes. Composites containing 10 wt.% were processed through extrusion followed by injection molding. The amorphous (unannealed) and semi‐crystalline (annealed) samples characterized for their morphological, thermal, mechanical, water absorption properties. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed a homogenous distribution cellulose within PLA matrix, even though composite smallest fiber size exhibited slight agglomeration. Differential scanning calorimetric measurements indicated that successfully induced crystallization, filler particles capable increasing extent crystallinity formed during from 28% to 36%. Based tensile tests, result treatment, composites' strength increased 48–50 53–56 MPa, while Young's modulus 3.1 GPa 3.3‐3.5 GPa. Charpy impact tests also an enhanced toughness exposed treatment. In terms absorption, hydrophobic nature PLA. addition, structure inhibited highly hydrophilic absorbing much moisture they did when incorporated inside PLA; embedded in consequently less than ones Highlights Through annealing, developed PLA/lignocellulose composites. Lignocellulose facilitated crystallization acting nucleating agent. Crystallized biocomposites superior mechanical properties Crystalline segments hindered lignocellulose.

Language: Английский

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Influence of environmental humidity during filament storage on the structural and mechanical properties of material extrusion 3D-printed poly(lactic acid) parts

Results in Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103013 - 103013

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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A study on: Impact on novel clay dispersion on mechanical, thermal and vibration properties of glass fiber‐reinforced interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) hybrid composites

Polymer Composites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(18), P. 16882 - 16897

Published: Aug. 18, 2024

Abstract In this study, the effects of various weight percentages montmorillonite nanoclay particulates (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) are fabricated using hand‐layup technique, their physical properties thoroughly examined. To accurately extract specific qualities matrix materials, concept interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) is implemented by blending 70% epoxy 30% polyurethane, thereby achieving meticulous control over individual properties. Besides, E‐glass fiber (biaxial woven mat) selected as reinforcement to provide structural rigidity IPN laminate. As well, comprehensively evaluate mechanical fiber‐reinforced composites, a series tests conducted according ASTM standards. These included dynamic analysis (with tan δ value 0.171), tensile strength (345.71 MPa), flexural (312.67 impact (22 kJ/m 2 ), heat deflection (HDT at 88°C), free vibration natural frequencies Mode I—25.12 Hz, II—158.36 III—424.87 IV—736.72 Hz). Out reveals that, incorporating 5% significantly enhanced all measured maximum extent. Additionally, gain better understanding micromechanics between fiber, particulates, matrix, fractured specimens analyzed scanning electron microscopy. Also, study aims employ nanoclay‐incorporated composite materials in advanced applications such packaging delivery systems, military magnetic shielding operations, detectors, information technology industries. Highlights Utilization enhances composites. laminates were with filler loads ranging from 0% 7%. Mechanical have been investigated. DMA assess aptness inclusion. SEM analyses clearly revealed superior compactness addition.

Language: Английский

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Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing Parameters Affecting the Translucency of Polylactic Acid Parts

Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(20), P. 2862 - 2862

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

The effect of 3D printing parameters by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) on the translucency polylactic acid (PLA) parts was investigated. Six different were studied: object orientation, layer height, nozzle temperature, fan speed, extrusion multiplier, and speed. commercially available Plasty Mladeč PLA filament Original Prusa MK4 printer used for experiments. printed samples 50 × 25 1 mm dimensions measured using a luxmeter in an integrating sphere. A total 32 sample combinations created. Each ten times. results show that all investigated significantly affect optical properties parts. best values obtained when portrait mode, with height 0.30 mm, temperature 240 °C, speed 100%, 0.75 set 40 mm/s. ANOVA to statistically evaluate each parameter translucency, significant differences found between (p < 0.05). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis provided detailed images surface structure samples, allowing better discussion microscopic affecting translucency. print setting has efficiency 88% compared default 65%. ability visible light pass through (translucency) improved 23%.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the material and mechanical characteristics of 3D printed composites utilizing nSiO ₂ -particulate-reinforced PLA/HDPA filaments with potential applications in the medical field

International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 22

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Significant progress in 3D printing technology over recent decades has allowed for the creation of biomedical products with enhanced properties. The incorporation composite materials offers innovative solutions to a wide range real-world challenges medical applications. present research focuses on additively manufactured 3D-printed polymer composites developed through fused deposition modeling technique. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile, compressive, flexural, and Shore D hardness have been investigated pure PLA/HDPE different 1, 2, 3 wt.% functionalized nSiO2 reinforced PLA/HDPE. Their results showed that excellent mechanical strength was observed 2 nSiO2/PLA/HDPE 147.3 MPa tensile 4.05 GPa Young's modulus. Subsequently, material nSiO2-reinforced were various analytical techniques. FESEM micrographs revealed rougher surface promoted cell attachment proliferation had no delaminated parts printed layer. EDAX analysis confirmed reinforcement particles composite. prominent sharp peaks incorporated an crystallinity nature 84.3%. presence matrix by FTIR Raman spectroscopy. TGA/DTG displayed 7.36% high thermal stability Thus, found be promising bone implants

Language: Английский

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