Australian Journal of Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 77(1)
Published: Dec. 9, 2024
Objective Research indicates that socioeconomic status (SES) influences developmental outcomes, particularly in language, executive functions, and intelligence, though findings have been mixed. This study examines the relationship between academic, cognitive intellectual abilities a cross-section of children at two age levels low-SES vs. high-SES schools.
Language: Английский
Trends in cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 677 - 686
Published: June 18, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(22), P. 5331 - 5331
Published: Nov. 8, 2023
Many cancer survivors experience cognitive impairments that impact memory, concentration, speed of information processing, and decision making. These impairments, collectively known as cancer-related (CRCIs), are a key domain unmet needs can significantly survivor’s identity quality life. However, there no purpose-built, multi-domain, assessment tools specifically for CRCI. The development such requires an in-depth understanding survivors’ CRCI-specific challenges associated needs. This study explored the with persistent An qualitative design using semi-structured interviews (a) perceived CRCI (n = 32) (b) oncology health professionals 19) was utilised. A reflexive thematic analysis resulted in five overarching themes: (1) executing regular activities, (2) relational difficulties, (3) occupational functioning, (4) psychological distress, (5) social well additional informational domain. Ultimately, found to directly produce range negatively, persistently, Cancer were also have these challenges. research should be used inform future treatment supportive care priority areas relating
Language: Английский
Citations
22
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 421 - 421
Published: March 22, 2022
Neurocognitive deficits have been consistently associated with a wide range of psychopathology and are proposed to not only be consequence the development but also directly involved in its aetiology. However, there is no clear understanding what neurocognitive processes particularly important mental health. In this paper, we explored association between abilities factors derived from structural models psychopathology. Four hundred participants representative community sample completed measures symptomology substance use, as well 8 tasks. We found correlated-factors model, internalising externalising higher-order factors, single-factor model
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Journal of Cancer Survivorship, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 11, 2025
Abstract Purpose Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) causes a wide range of unmet needs for cancer survivors. It is unknown which clinical, demographic, cognitive, and psychological factors underpin account these various needs. This study aimed to ( ) identify associated with CRCI-related needs, b establish the most pertinent that Methods Four hundred fifty-six n = 456) survivors responded demographic clinical questions, as well measures (MASCC COG-IMPACT), perceived (PROMIS-COG), distress (DASS-21). Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, feed-forward multiple regression analyses were completed. Results Cognitive severity r 0.39 0.59; p < 0.01), 0.36 0.58; time since diagnosis − 0.11 0.20; 0.05 0.02) significantly across all domains. Age 0.10 0.22; 0.001 0.03), stage at initial 0.13; 0.04), progressed 0.18; sex 0.12; 0.01; females experiencing greater than males), one or more domains need. accounting R 2 0.245, F (3, 487) 48.96, 0.474, 114.81, 0.001), explaining 24.5% 47.4% variance. Conclusion key in Other variables, while did not provide additional predictive utility. Implications Cancer Survivors The results may inform choice supportive care targets, future strategies, improve people cancer-related impairment.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Psychiatry International, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 233 - 249
Published: June 23, 2021
Neurocognitive abilities have frequently been claimed to be involved in the aetiology of psychopathology. deficits reported across many disorders, and theoretical perspectives associate these onset maintenance symptomology. Recently, heterogeneity symptoms, comorbidity motivated development structural models Structural indicate that factors such as internalising, externalising, thought disorder p-factor account for a wide variety It is unclear how neurocognitive are best examined within structures advance our understanding In this paper, we use Caspi et al.’s seminal writings framework describe previously associated with categorical disorders recently associated, drive, We discuss implications substantive construct or statistical artefact, impacts exploration Further, provide case alternative approaches, an innovative hypothesis functioning, multidimensional hypothesis, explain may further performance psychopathology at individual level. Finally, road forward future examination
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1060 - 1060
Published: Aug. 10, 2022
In recent years, there has been debate about the optimal conceptualisation of psychopathology. Structural models psychopathology have developed to counter issues, including comorbidity and poor diagnostic stability prevalent within traditional nosological approach. Regardless psychological dysfunction, deficits in neurocognitive abilities claimed be an aetiological feature Explorations association between neurocognition typically taken a linear approach, overlooking potential interactive dynamics abilities. Previously, we proposed multidimensional hypothesis, where within-person interactions domains are fundamental understanding role this study, used previously collected data for 400 participants on psychopathological symptoms, substance use, performance eight tasks compared predictive accuracy artificial neural network models. The were significantly more accurate than at predicting actual (a) lower-level (b) high-level dimensional These results provide support hypothesis: that study non-linear compensatory profiles integral functional associations
Language: Английский
Citations
13
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(13), P. 7108 - 7108
Published: July 2, 2021
Structural models of psychopathology have emerged as an alternative to traditional categorical approaches. The bifactor model, which incorporates a general p-factor, has become the preferred structure. p-factor is claimed represent substantive construct or property system; however, recent evidence suggests that it may be without meaning. If universal p, and associated specific factors, developed they not only must applicable consistent between populations but also within subgroups population. This consistency needs include factor loadings correlates. We used simulated data approach explore applicability four popular range heterogeneous examined their neurocognitive found eight out sixty-three fitted any with all significant loadings, no negative non-positive-definite identification issues, variance. All these fit correlated factors none original revised one subgroup single-factor model. Correlates varied substantially same discuss implications findings, including for development psychopathology.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Journal of International Medical Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 50(11), P. 030006052211344 - 030006052211344
Published: Nov. 1, 2022
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed significant mental health burdens upon the general population worldwide, either directly owing to disease or indirectly through aggressive public measures control spread of virus that causes COVID-19. In this narrative review, we used a systematic approach summarize impact restrictive lockdown on people living in Victoria, Australia during 2020 and identify groups with an increased risk adverse outcomes. A database search (Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, Embase) for articles examining Victorians context yielded 88 articles, which 15 were finally included review. We found was negatively affected by restrictions 2020. Although studies reported heterogeneous outcomes, consistently coping strategies demonstrated help-seeking behaviors response restrictions. Women, children, young people, carers, who became unemployed pandemic, those pre-existing psychiatric conditions had higher consequences
Language: Английский
Citations
6
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 273(3), P. 719 - 730
Published: Sept. 5, 2022
As assessed by numerous neuropsychological tasks, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia disorders (SSDs) have similar impairments related to executive functions (EFs). The profile of these two conditions was examined using the three-component EFs' framework Miyake Friedman (Cogn Psychol 41(1):49-100, 2000). This approach assesses Inhibition (suppression unwanted irrelevant information/responses), Updating (use control contents working memory), Shifting (disengagement between activities or mental tasks) nine different tasks. In line previous research, we expected greater performance deficits in ASD all three components compared SSD, as well faster responses for SSD group. A self-paced task format allowed us examine whether unlimited time given a would lead better performance. sample constituted group (N = 25), 24), 12). Groups did not differ on Updating, performed poorer than other groups. Shifting, both groups demonstrated controls, presenting greatest difficulties. terms reaction (RT), participants' RT were slowest There positive correlation spent only group, which demonstrates that their improves when there are no constraints. Our work provides understanding spared impaired EFs, could be useful designing strategies aimed at improving specific EFs each
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 111054 - 111054
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
2