Zinc oxide seed priming enhances drought tolerance in wheat seedlings by improving antioxidant activity and osmoprotection

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract Drought can affect all growth stages and has a significant effect on seed germination, which affects physiological metabolic germination processes. It also leads to dehydration, increases the oxidation of lipids membranes disrupts functioning biomolecules in plants. Zinc is an essential element for several enzymes involved metabolism, cell elongation, preservation strength integrity membranes, development, resistance environmental stress. A pot experiment was conducted determine how ZnO priming, either form NPs (nanopriming) or bulk priming (60 mg L − 1 ), counteracts negative impacts drought at different levels (80% 60% FC) wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings seedling stage. recent revealed that agents significantly mitigate effects stress, especially FC, by positively influencing various parameters seedlings. Notably, POD activity increased 91.8% 289.9% shoots, 218.6% 261.6% roots, phenolic content 194.4% shoots 1139.6% H 2 O scavenging percentage 124.9% 135.4% 147.6% lipid peroxidation inhibition 320.6% 433% shoots. Moreover, utilization had profound free amino acids (393.8%, 502.8% roots) soluble carbohydrates (183.4% compared with those stressed without priming. Experimental computational methods (time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT)) were employed perform IR XRD analyses isolated molecules NPs/Iso. In conclusion, application found create effective mechanical barriers, as confirmed analysis antioxidant enzyme activities, nonenzymatic components, radical scavenging, osmoprotectant constituents.

Language: Английский

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Impact of different sowing dates and irrigation levels on NPK absorption, yield and water use efficiency of maize

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Abstract Upper Egypt experiences high temperatures during summer and low winter, which significantly impacts the sowing dates of maize in this region. The productivity crops water use efficiency can be greatly affected by stress (SDs). Therefore, it is crucial to determine optimal irrigation level SDs based on local conditions. To assess effects, two levels were employed: (1) control (full applied) (2) 70% water. Field experiments conducted at National Water Research Center's studies research complex station Toshka. aim was evaluate limited irrigation) across five (early: mid-February March, normal: mid-June, late: mid-August September) both 2019 2020, order identify ideal date (SD) level. normal SD resulted an increased growth season length between plant emergence maturity. Conversely, late reduced number days until maturity, resulting higher grain yields (WUE). Notably, September, coupled with level, yielded highest WUE, a 7014 kg ha −1 WUE 0. 9 m −3 . Based findings, recommended that regions similar conditions consider cultivating seeds adopting achieve N uptake, traits (plant height, ear length, weight, rows per ear, index weight), yield, WUE.

Language: Английский

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Potassium humate and cobalt enhance peanut tolerance to water stress through regulation of proline, antioxidants, and maintenance of nutrient homeostasis

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Abstract Water stress is an important factor that substantially impacts crop production. As a result, there need for various strategies can mitigate these negative effects. One such strategy the application of potassium humate (Kh) and cobalt (Co), which have been reported to enhance resistance plants. Therefore, present experiment was designed investigate whether Kh Co could positively affect proline, chlorophyll mineral elements contents, antioxidant defense systems in turn will impact water under different irrigation strategies. In 2021 2022, open-field experiments were conducted by using split-plot design. The main plots divided represent (ST), with additional control full requirements (ST1). Four STs implemented, ST1, followed 75%, 50%, 25% ST2, ST3, ST4 respectively, next irrigation, requirements, so on. subplots, peanut plants treated tap (Control), at 2 g l −1 3 , Co, + . yield negatively affected implementation ST4, despite increase proline contents. Furthermore, decrease relative content, enzymes, protein, nutrient elements. However, or showed better improvements most studied parameters. It worth noting antagonistic relationship between iron/manganese, intensity this found depend on implemented. highest accumulation, protein oil seed yield, productivity observed when ST2 strategy.

Language: Английский

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Mitigation of drought stress in maize and sorghum by humic acid: differential growth and physiological responses

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: June 7, 2024

Abstract Background Drought is a major determinant for growth and productivity of all crops, including cereals, the drought-induced detrimental effects are anticipated to jeopardize world food security under ongoing global warming scenario. Biostimulants such as humic acid (HA) can improve drought tolerance in many maize sorghum. These two plant species genetically related; however, more susceptible than The physiological biochemical mechanisms underlying differential responses water shortage absence presence HA, particularly field conditions, not fully understood. Results Herein, priming sorghum seeds 100 mg L −1 HA on their vegetative increased levels (100%, 80%, 60% capacity) were simultaneously monitored field. In caused 37.0 58.7% reductions biomass accumulation compared 21.2 32.3% low high levels, respectively. associated with retardation overall growth, relative content (RWC), photosynthetic pigments CO 2 assimilation both plants. contrast, root traits well H O , malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage species. treatment significantly improved well-watered being responsive induced 29.2% increase rate 15.0% level. HA-promotive also higher total chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, RWC, sucrose, soluble sugars, carbohydrates, proline, proteins. reduced oxidative stress via induction non-enzymic enzymic antioxidants at different extents Conclusion current results identify significant quantitative differences set critical biomarkers field-grown plants against drought. They reveal potential drought-alleviating biostimulant an effective approach sustainable production possibly other crops drought-affected lands.

Language: Английский

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The Impacts of Applying Cobalt and Chitosan with Various Water Irrigation Schemes at Different Growth Stages of Corn on Macronutrient Uptake, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 2770 - 2785

Published: April 12, 2023

Abstract While previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of low cobalt (CB) levels and chitosan (CH) on yield nutrient status, information about their individual combined applications plants under stress is still lacking. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate CB CH impacts mitigating water during growth stages corn macronutrient uptake yield. Four irrigation schemes were employed, including (1) control (full irrigation), (2) 70% vegetative stage, (3) flowering (4) 85% both stages. The treated with (7.5 mg l −1 ) injected into foliar application (500 ), while distilled was used as control. Plants that exposed stage CB, or those subjected CH, showed increased growth, which had effect use efficiency. However, when applied in combination, potential enhance these features depended pattern adopted. Overall, effective stress, particularly stage. This approach resulted highest yield, uptake, efficiency, tolerance index.

Language: Английский

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Cobalt Combined with Potassium Humate as Beneficial Applications in Alleviating Water Stress Impacts on Groundnut During Sensitive Growth Stages

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 4505 - 4520

Published: June 28, 2023

Abstract Enhancing plant nutrition during critical periods of water stress is a paramount objective. As such, this study aims to examine the effects that arise from implementing regimes sensitive growth phases groundnut. Furthermore, we will explore impact applying cobalt and potassium humate individually or in combination, either through foliar application (KH-F) soil amendments (KH-S), mitigate adverse on nutrient accumulation, yield, irrigation use efficiency (Iwue). A field experiment was conducted between 2021 2022 using split-split plot design. In main plots, an additional control full requirement scheme (IR100) implemented, along with three other schemes: first involved 75% development stage (IRD75), second applied flowering till pod (IRF75), third 85% (IR85). subplots, at rates 0 7.5 mg l −1 plants. The sub-sub plots were further divided investigate KH-F KH-S. Plants experienced found be more vulnerable. However, when treated KH-S, there significant improvements yield compared treatment. This effect particularly pronounced under IRF75 scheme. Interestingly, antagonistic relationship observed iron manganese, contrast nutrients. When KH-S combination cobalt, it showed potential enhance various characteristics increase uptake manganese. highest Iwue achieved combined adopting IR85%

Language: Английский

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Synergistic effect of ammonium and potassium on carrot growth, physio-biochemical mechanisms, and water use efficiency under varying irrigation regimes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: May 9, 2025

The beneficial effects of ammonium nitrate and potassium humate on carrots are well-documented. However, their impact physiological biochemical mechanisms under varying irrigation conditions still needs to be explored. Here, we investigated the soil-applied foliar-applied physio-chemical characteristics water use efficiency carrot plants three levels: 100%, 80%, 60% crop evapotranspiration (ETc). Carrot were treated with two rates soil (200 250 kg N ha- 1), foliar 400 g 100 L- four combinations these treatments. Under 80% ETc, combined applications significantly influenced leaf contents chlorophyll a, nitrate, ammonium, catalase, carbohydrate, soluble sugar patterns, enhancing osmotic regulation deficit conditions. Interestingly, when irrigated by 100% ETc instead 80 sprayed 1 in combination was decreased 49.2 30.7%, respectively. We attributed that to: a), observed increments NH4 concentrations leaves which caused negative impacts chlorophyll, b) change C/N N/P ratios. This highlights importance choosing a suitable pattern for crops is adapted. Overall, using at rate 200 attained highest yield efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Monitoring plant responses in field-grown peanuts exposed to exogenously applied chitosan under full and limited irrigation levels

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 15, 2024

Abstract In recent decades, numerous studies have examined the effects of climate change on responses plants. These primarily solitary stress plants, neglecting simultaneous mixed stress, which are anticipated to transpire frequently as a result extreme climatic fluctuations. Therefore, this study investigated impact applied chitosan boosting resistance peanuts alkali and drought-alkali stresses. Peanuts were grown in mid-alkaline soil irrigated with full irrigation water requirements (100%IR), represented condition (100% IR × soil) conditions (70% soil—represented conditions). Additionally, plants either untreated or treated foliar chitosan. The evaluated various plant physio-chemical characteristics, including element contents (leaves roots), seed yield, use efficiency (IWUE). Plants that experienced found be more vulnerable. However, applications effective for reducing (soil pH sodium absorption), alongside promoting measurements, yield traits, IWUE. Importantly, when was under conditions, accumulations (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper) leaves roots maximized. Under stresses, results revealed reduction reaching about 5.1 5.8% lower than alkali), first second seasons, respectively. Interestingly, stresses recorded highest values relative content, proline, IWUE, nutrient uptake (nitrogen, potassium, magnesium) well lowest content roots. Enhances accumulation (N, K, Mg) instead primary response applications, averted severe damage caused by over time. findings provide framework homeostasis changes induced Based findings, it is recommended treat This approach offers promising perspective achieving optimal reduced usage.

Language: Английский

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Precise partial root-zone irrigation technique and potassium-zinc fertigation management improve maize physio-biochemical responses, yield, and water use in arid climate

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Abstract Background To optimize irrigation water use and productivity, understanding the interactions between plants, techniques, fertilization practices is crucial. Therefore, experiment aims to assess effectiveness of two application methods potassium humate combined with chelated zinc under partial root-zone drip techniques on maize nutrient uptake, yield, efficiency across levels. Methods Open-field experiments were carried out in summer seasons 2021 2022 alternate fixed investigate their impacts at levels applied foliar soil applications or a sole combinations maize. Results Deficit significantly increased hydrogen peroxide decreased proline, antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate, chlorophyll (a + b), uptake both techniques. The implementation drought conditions led varying enzymes nutritional status, depending type technique. Meanwhile, results showed that diminished negative effects stress by enhancing phosphorus (53.8%), (59.2%), proline (74.4%) catalase (75%); compared control. These enhancements may contribute improving defense system plants such conditions. On other hand, same previous treatments root zone modified mechanism improved contents peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, magnesium, zinc, iron 81.3%, 82.3%, 85.1%, 56.9%, 80.2%, respectively. Conclusions Adopting 75% requirements treating 3 g l −1 1.25 kg ha technique, resulted maximum length, leaf content, efficiency.

Language: Английский

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Stimulating growth, root quality, and yield of carrots cultivated under full and limited irrigation levels by humic and potassium applications

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Abstract Water stress poses a significant challenge for carrot cultivation, leading to decreased yield and inefficient water use efficiency. Therefore, it is crucial provide plants with suitable supplements that enhance their resistance. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of humic potassium applications on growth, characteristics, root quality, efficiency under varying irrigation levels. A split-split plot experiment was conducted, two levels gross requirements (GWR) (100% 80%) assigned main plots. The subplots were treated acid through foliar application (Hsp) or soil drenching (Hgd). sub-subplots further divided assess impact sources (potassium humate, Kh) mineral sulfate, K 2 SO 4 ). results revealed substantial reduction in limited irrigation, reaching about 32.2% lower than GWR100%. conditions, combined Hgd resulted increase 78.9% compared control GWR80%. Conversely, GWR100%, highest average achieved by applying either Hsp Kh , resulting yields 35,833 kg ha −1 40,183 respectively. However, combination negatively affected both GWR100% Nonetheless, GWR80% led improved nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, potassium/sodium ratio, total sugar concentrations, while reducing sodium content roots. Based recommended adopt treat . This approach can help overcome negative effects stress, improve achieve optimal

Language: Английский

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