Save Your Tears for the Toxicity Assays─Carbon Nanotubes Still Fooling Scientists

ACS Omega, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(6), P. 5554 - 5562

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

The extensive study of carbon nanotube (CNT) toxicity stems from their widespread application across various fields. CNTs is commonly assessed using cell viability assays based on tetrazolium salts, such as the MTT assay. ISO 10993-5 outlines assay and related in vitro cytotoxicity tests international standards. However, nearly two decades ago, it was observed that interacts with CNTs, potentially yielding inaccurate results. Despite this, remains most widely used method for studying CNT today. Here, we demonstrate six salts assays-MTT, MTS, INT, XTT, WST-1, WST-8- interfere both single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs) multiwalled (MWCNTs). According to 10993-5, percentages below 70% indicate cytotoxicity. At standard testing duration 3 h, absorbance values presence 5 mg/mL either SWCNT or MWCNT decreased relative control. a lower concentration 0.5 mg/mL, effect less pronounced, decreasing an average 84% compared Our results suggest none these alone offers fully reliable evaluating toxicity, especially high concentrations. Therefore, essential carefully assess which methods are truly suitable studies.

Language: Английский

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Carbon nanotubes in brain targeted drug delivery: A comprehensive review

Results in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102206 - 102206

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Crystal structure analysis, magnetic measurement, DFT studies, and adsorption properties of novel 1-(2,5-dimethyphenyl)piperazine tetrachlorocobaltate hydrate

Materials Today Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34, P. 104965 - 104965

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Language: Английский

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Numerical simulations of hybrid nanofluid flow with thermal radiation and entropy generation effects

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40, P. 102479 - 102479

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

This paper provides an in-depth look at mathematical studies on engine oil application in mechanical systems and the use of nanofluids as nano-coolants ICEs. to boost heat transfer rates while conserving energy that would otherwise be consumed due higher temperatures Many scientists researchers have discovered dispersing nanomaterials (nanotubes, metallic or non-metallic solid particles) improves its breakdown function. Keeping this mind, recent study investigates role thermal radiation conductivity describing Cadmium telluride/engine oil-based Oldroyd-B nanofluid flow across a permeable extended surface inside parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC). The entropy system is also considered. In addition, current demonstrates porous media, viscosity dissipative, joule heating, radiative effects via rotating uniformly exponentially stretched with by (PBSC). model made up governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are then transformed into ordinary (ODEs) using similarity transformations. (ODE's) numerically solved commercial software MATLAB bvp4c shooting method. Graphically, implications physically parameters versus fluid profile explored. presence parameter more beneficial for improvement. velocity field has shrunk magnitude melting increased. behaves opposite direction Deborah number relaxation retardation. Moreover, shows increasing Biot gradient. It follows Reynolds increases system's entropy.

Language: Английский

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Microneedles coated with composites of phenylboronic acid-containing polymer and carbon nanotubes for glucose measurements in interstitial fluids

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 115571 - 115571

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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