Molecular Pharmacognosy

Published: March 13, 2025

Molecular pharmacognosy is a discipline that studies the classification, identification, cultivation, and conservation of medicinal raw materials, as well production their active components at molecular level. This chapter aims to introduce concept, scope, importance in traditional modern medicine provide an overview current topics methods. The adopts comprehensive interdisciplinary approach, using methods such biology techniques, genetics genomics, metabolomics, pharmacology toxicology. These help study various aspects plants plant-derived drugs. presents key findings influences each topic discusses challenges opportunities future. Lastly, concludes main highlights chapter, future, provides suggestions recommendations for further research development this field. exploration opens doors fresh era comprehension, offering potential innovation customized therapeutic solutions.

Language: Английский

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In Vivo and In Vitro Assessment of Marrubium vulgare: Chemical, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Profiles

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Consumption of herbal medicine in Sub-Sahara Africa: a case from Ghana

International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 17, 2025

Purpose Herbal medicine is increasingly becoming popular in Sub-Sahara Africa, particularly Ghana. More worrying the fact that users combine both orthodox medications with herbal medicines. This study aims to determine drivers of increasing patronage Design/methodology/approach Quantitative approach was used, and 412 valid responses were assessed using structural equation modelling. Findings The found types sickness firm marketing efforts are significant determinants consumer attitudes towards consumption medicine. pressure exerted by others, positive attitude key purchase intentions. Interestingly, while perceptions one’s ability control impact behaviour directly, firms do not directly lead behaviour; rather, its effect on mediated subjective norms, intention. Practical implications has for policymakers pharmaceutical industry. It illuminates roles beliefs concerning efficacy products some illnesses. calls an upstream educating populace about unorthodox also development sector implementation strict regulation measures production distribution Originality/value novelty lies extension theory planned behaviour. demonstrates interesting interplay nature conscientious accounting rise consumption.

Language: Английский

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Identification of histidine kinase inhibitors through screening of natural compounds to combat mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in dairy cattle

Journal of Biological Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Mastitis poses a major threat to dairy farms globally; it results in reduced milk production, increased treatment costs, untimely compromised genetic potential, animal deaths, and economic losses. Streptococcus agalactiae is highly virulent bacteria that cause mastitis. The administration of antibiotics for the this infection not advised due concerns about emergence antibiotic resistance potential adverse effects on human health. Thus, there critical need identify new therapeutic approaches combat One promising target development antibacterial therapies transmembrane histidine kinase bacteria, which plays key role signal transduction pathways, secretion systems, virulence, resistance.In study, we aimed novel natural compounds can inhibit kinase. To achieve goal, conducted virtual screening 224,205 compounds, selecting top ten based their lowest binding energy favorable protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, molecular docking eight selected five inhibitors with was performed evaluate respect top-screened compounds. We also analyzed ADMET properties these assess drug-likeness. two (ZINC000085569031 ZINC000257435291) (Tetracycline) demonstrated strong affinity were subjected dynamics simulations (100 ns), free landscape, calculations using MM-PBSA method.Our suggest have serve as effective be utilized veterinary medicine mastitis after further validation through clinical studies.

Language: Английский

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From Relative to Absolute Stereochemistry of Secondary Metabolites: Applications in Plant Chemistry

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 1 - 48

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Structural elucidation of specialized metabolites or natural plant products, especially the stereochemical features chiral bioactive metabolites, is most important stage for all investigations in pharmacognosy and phytochemistry. Numerous methods have been established to solve absolute configuration including direct such as X-ray diffraction, chiroptical spectroscopy, stereo-controlled partial total organic synthesis, chemical correlation by simple reactions derivatization, well indirect using a standard compound derivatizing agent with known configuration, example, nuclear magnetic resonance utilization anisotropic effects agents. Once relative product resolved, stereochemistry can be determined assistance spectroscopies supported quantum mechanical-NMR prediction shifts, scalar coupling constants simulation optical rotatory dispersion, addition electronic vibrational circular dichroism spectra. This review summarizes practical employed assignment products selected examples focused on multichiral center small molecules from mega-diverse Brazilian Mexican flora.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial, Antipellicle and Antibiofilm Activities of the Root of Alpine Medicinal Plant (<i>Arnebia euchroma</i> (Royle) I.M.Johnst.)

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 425 - 442

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

This study aims to analyze the phytochemical and antimicrobial-related assays including antibacterial, antifungal, antipellicle, antibiofilm potential of root an alpine medicinal plant (Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst).Ethanolic, methyl acetate, chloroform, aqueous extracts parts A. were prepared.The active metabolites part evaluated both qualitatively quantitatively by GC-MS HPLC techniques, using ethanolic extract.The antimicrobial was investigated crude extract, fractions, AgNPs against two Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus) four Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) five fungal strains (Rhizoctonia, Cuneate fasciculus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida auris).All bacterial showed sensitivity toward all fractions

Language: Английский

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Enzyme Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Asparagus officinalis L. and Analysis of Its Phytochemical Content by LC/MS/MS

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(5)

Published: April 25, 2023

In the study, water, ethanol, methanol, dichloromethane, and acetone extracts of Asparagus officinalis L. were obtained by maceration. DPPH⋅, ABTS⋅+ , FRAP, CUPRAC methods determined antioxidant capacities all extracts. Moreover, in vitro effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase (CA)-I, CA-II α-Glycosidase investigated. At a 10 μg/ml concentration, extract with highest Fe3+ reduction capacity was ethanol (AE), Cu2+ (AA). AE for AChE (IC50 =21.19 μg/ml) : 70.00 μg/ml), methanol (AM) BChE =17.33 CA-I II =79.65 36.09 μg/ml, respectively) showed most potent inhibition effect. The content analysis performed LC/MS-MS, first three phytochemicals found p-Coumaric acid, rutin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (284.29±3.97, 135.39±8.19, 102.06±5.51 μg analyte/g extract, respectively).

Language: Английский

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Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide Inhibition and Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oils from Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. Leaves and Stems from Vietnam

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(8)

Published: July 20, 2023

Abstract This study was aimed to investigate the chemical composition and biological activities of leaf stem essential oils Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. from Vietnam. Their analyzed by GC/MS. Antimicrobial were evaluated microdilution broth assay. Anti‐inflammatory activity ability inhibit nitric oxide production in macrophage cells. Cytotoxic using sulforhodamine B assay on three human cancer cell lines. Forty‐four compounds identified oil, among which dehydroaromadendrane (23.4 %), ( E )‐carpacin (17.6 2‐tridecanone (12.2 9‐methyl‐2‐decanone (11.8 %) most abundant. The oil contained fifty‐five constituents, mainly γ ‐gurjunene (51.1 butyl acetate %). Both exhibited inhibitory effects bacterial strains, namely S. aureus , E. coli P. aeruginosa a fungal strain C. albican while showed insignificant B. subtilis L. fermentum enterica . weak NO inhibition LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells, but potent cytotoxic against all tested lines SK‐LU‐1, MCF‐7, HepG2 with IC 50 values ranging 16.03±0.77 35.60±1.62 μg/mL. is first report antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory leaves stems Z.

Language: Английский

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Ethanol Extracts of Eriobotrya japonica (Loquat) Seeds, Leaves, and Fruits Have Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic Effects in Rats

Pharmacognosy Magazine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 56 - 65

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Background: Obesity is a serious public health problem contributing to development of several diseases, including hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. The plant Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) has been used in traditional Chinese medicine treat many ailments healers it reduce weight. Objectives: To examine the potential anti-obesity hypolipidemic effects ethanol extract loquat rats. Materials Methods: Loquat leaves, fruits, or seeds were extracted with ethanol. About 96 Wistar male rats fed either normal rat diet (normal control group; group 1) high-fat (HFD) for 12 weeks (obese; groups 2−12). Obese divided into11 as follows: (obese control: 2) positive which received reference drug atorvastatin: 3). Groups (4−6), (7−9), (10−12) given seed, leaf, fruit extract, respectively, at 40,100, 400 mg/kg. Body weight, serum glucose, lipid profile, creatinine, liver enzymes, albumin, total protein measured weekly. Results: HFD consumption significantly increased body weight cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low density (VLDL), glucose decreased HDL compared diet. also glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) creatinine but albumin protein. Administration E. TC, TGs, LDL, VLDL, liver, renal enzymes HDL, levels. Conclusion: regulates gain, properties, positively affects kidney enzymes.

Language: Английский

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Isolation and Characterization of Fungal Endophytes from Petiveria alliacea and Their Antimicrobial Activities in South Florida

Microbiology Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 1470 - 1482

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Microorganisms associated with medicinal plants are of great interest as they the producers important bioactive compounds effective against common and drug-resistant pathogens. The characterization biodiversity fungal endophytes Petiveria alliacea plant their antimicrobial production potential known for anticancer properties. In this study, we investigated endophytic microbiome P. alliacea, isolates were classified into 30 morphotypes based on cultural morphological characteristics. Ethyl acetate extract was obtained by liquid–liquid partitioning culture broth followed evaporation. crude dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide screened activity three bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATTC 25902, Staphylococcus aureus 14775, Bacillus subtilis NRRL 5109) two (Candida albicans 10231 Aspergillus fumigatus 5109). Among extracts from isolated leaves, 65% them showed bacteria tested. Similarly, 71 88% root stem, respectively, inhibitory activities at least one Crude (at a concentration 10 mg/mL) ten have shown zone inhibition more than 12 mm both Gram-positive negative Sequenced data showing strong revealed that Fusarium solani, F. proliferatum, oxysporium major responsible potential. These results indicate harbors capable producing metabolites. Future studies need to focus testing (ESKAPE group) other pathogenic fungi.

Language: Английский

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