COVID-19 and Tuberculosis: Mathematical Modeling of Infection Spread Taking into Account Reduced Screening

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 698 - 698

Published: March 26, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the cessation of many tuberculosis (TB) support programs and reduced screening coverage for TB worldwide. We propose a model that demonstrates, among other things, how undetected cases affect number future M. (M. tb) infections. analysis official statistics on incidence TB, preventive examination population, patients with bacterial excretion tb Russian Federation from 2008 to 2021 is carried out. desired can be obtained due fluctuation these indicators 2020, when caused dramatic reduction interventions. Statistical out using R v.4.2.1. resulting describes dependence detected prevalence current year previous examinations years. adjusted coefficient determination (adjusted R-squared) 0.9969, indicating contains almost no random component. It clearly shows missed low left uncontrolled will lead significant increase new infections future. may conclude results demonstrate need mass population context spread infection, which makes it possible timely identify excretion.

Language: Английский

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Immune-neuroendocrine reactivity and features of tuberculosis in pregnancy

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

The combination of tuberculosis and pregnancy always raises questions about therapy, the specialness management pregnancy, obstetrics, postpartum period, lactation; effect therapy on fetal development peculiarities course. Until recently, were considered a rare combination, but with growing problem HIV infection worsening screening among adults, this has become quite common. Moreover, cases congenital in newborns have begun to emerge. In review, we analyzed features immunologic immuno-neuroendocrine reactivity pregnant women that influence for prevalence TB TB/HIV coinfection. changes characteristic multifactorial antituberculosis immunity determine specificity course against background pregnancy. These contribute more severe than before structure clinical forms who became ill during first year after childbirth is characterized by greater severity, higher frequency multi-organ lesions, percentage bacterial isolates significantly developed period compared it poses particular threat, exacerbating immune response disorders affect effectiveness treatment disease progression general.

Language: Английский

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Nuances in the global impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis control efforts: An updated review

Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104(16), P. e42195 - e42195

Published: April 18, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected public health systems in an unprecedented manner. There been abundance of discussion regarding the possible effects disruption services aiming at tuberculosis (TB) infection control – including hindered screening efforts and delays diagnosis treatment. also proposed to affect TB transmission via lifestyle modifications. Moreover, some research suggested a more direct link between increased morbidity mortality. authors conducted narrative review relevant literature. Searches were performed MEDLINE, Scopus, Web Science databases. Reports impaired case-notification ubiquitous during early stages pandemic. Subsequently, divergent patterns emerged: recovery decreased incidence countries with stringent measures, low local TB, resilient systems; or devastating results from underdiagnosis delayed treatment high burden, limited funding. Few studies quantified co-infection role reactivation latent (LTBI) remains ambiguous. Despite lapse pandemic, its on perseverate. Particularly, great care is warranted for impacted healthcare low-income countries.

Language: Английский

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Forecasting tuberculosis incidence: a review of time series and machine learning models for prediction and eradication strategies

International Journal of Environmental Health Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: June 25, 2024

Despite efforts by the World Health Organization (WHO), tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of fatalities globally. This study reviews time series and machine learning models for TB incidence prediction, identifies popular algorithms, highlights need further research to improve accuracy global scope. SCOPUS, PUBMED, IEEE, Web Science, PRISMA were used search article selection from 2012 2023. The results revealed that ARIMA, SARIMA, ETS, GRNN, BPNN, NARNN, NNAR, RNN are ML algorithms adopted rate predictions. inaccurate prediction limited scope prior studies suggest research. review serves as roadmap WHO focus on regions require more attention prevention sophisticated

Language: Английский

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Difficulties in diagnosing tuberculosis infection in childhood

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis by Immunological Features Using Machine Learning

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 2188 - 2188

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Despite the achievements of modern medicine, tuberculosis remains one leading causes mortality globally. The difficulties in differential diagnosis have particular relevance case suspicion with other granulomatous diseases. most similar clinical and radiologic changes are sarcoidosis. aim this study is to apply mathematical modeling determine diagnostically significant immunological parameters an algorithm for Materials methods: serum samples patients sarcoidosis (SD) (n = 29), pulmonary (TB) 32) control group 31) (healthy subjects) collected from 2017 2022 (the average age 43.4 ± 5.3 years) were examined. Circulating ‘polarized’ T-helper cell subsets analyzed by multicolor flow cytometry. A symbolic regression method was used find general relations between concentrations diagnosis. selected model finally fitted through multi-objective optimization applied two conflicting indices: sensitivity tuberculosis. Results: difference Bm2 CD5−CD27− found be more than any individual concentrations: combined feature − [CD5−CD27−] differentiates p < 0.00001 AUC 0.823. An developed. It based on linear variables: first variable mentioned above, second naïve-Tregs concentration. uses twice returns “dubious” 26.7% cases 16.1% For remaining these diagnoses, its 90.5%, 88.5%. Conclusions: simple developed that can distinguish, certain features, which likely present instead Such may further investigated rule out conclusively. underlying analysis “naive” T-regulatory cells B-cells. This a promising approach findings useful absence clear diagnostic criteria

Language: Английский

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Relationship Between Clean Water Sources, Waste Management, and Availability of Healthy Latrines with the Incidence of Pulmonary TB in Marginal Community

International Journal of Public Health Excellence (IJPHE), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1), P. 259 - 264

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Pulmonary TB is a disease that can attack anyone because the source of this very broad, especially in environmental aspect. These aspects include rubbish, clean water sources, and healthy latrines. The incidence pulmonary Minasatene Community Health Center working area still found. This research aims to determine relationship between waste management, availability latrines, sources with District, Pangkajene Islands Regency. type quantitative analytical survey cross-sectional study design. sampling technique used was simple random (Simple Random Sampling) sample size 163 respondents. results are there management diarrhea value p = 0.006, 0.000, latrines need manage community through counseling or outreach organized by government private sector.

Language: Английский

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