Circadian clock disruption in neurodegenerative diseases: cause and effect?

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Feb. 27, 2015

Disturbance of the circadian system, manifested as disrupted daily rhythms physiologic parameters such sleep, activity, and hormone secretion, has long been observed a symptom several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer Disease. Circadian abnormalities have generally considered consequences neurodegeneration. Recent evidence suggests, however, that disruption might actually contribute to process, thus be modifiable cause neural injury. Herein we will review implicating disturbances clock gene dysfunction in neurodegeneration, with an emphasis on future research directions potential therapeutic implications for diseases.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence and Possible Factors of Myopia in Norwegian Adolescents

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Sept. 3, 2018

Abstract East Asia has experienced an excessive increase in myopia the past decades with more than 80% of younger generation now affected. Environmental and genetic factors are both assumed to contribute development refractive errors, but etiology is unknown. The environmental factor argued be greatest importance preventing high levels daylight exposure. If true, prevalence would higher adolescents living latitude countries fewer hours autumn-winter. We examined errors a representative sample 16–19-year-old Norwegian Caucasians (n = 393, 41.2% males) region Norway (60° North). At this latitude, autumn-winter 50 days longer summer. Using gold-standard methods cycloplegic autorefraction ocular biometry, overall [spherical equivalent refraction (SER) ≤−0.50 D] was 13%, considerably lower Asians. Hyperopia (SER ≥ + 0.50 D), astigmatism (≥1.00 DC) anisometropia D) were found 57%, 9% 4%. seem defy world-wide trend increasing myopia. This suggests that there need explore why exposure during relatively short summer outweighs

Language: Английский

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Potent social synchronization can override photic entrainment of circadian rhythms

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: May 23, 2016

Abstract Circadian rhythms in behaviour and physiology are important for animal health survival. Studies with individually isolated animals the laboratory have consistently emphasized dominant role of light entrainment circadian to relevant environmental cycles. Although nature interactions conspecifics functionally significant, social signals typically not considered time-givers clock. Our results challenge this view. By studying honeybees an ecologically context using a massive data set, we demonstrate that can be potent, may act without direct contact other individuals does rely on gating exposure light. We show first time cues stably entrain clock, even experiencing conflicting photic These findings add growing appreciation importance contexts.

Language: Английский

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A central role for ubiquitination within a circadian clock protein modification code

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Aug. 7, 2014

Circadian rhythms, endogenous cycles of about 24 h in physiology, are generated by a master clock located the suprachiasmatic nucleus hypothalamus and other clocks brain peripheral tissues. disruption is known to increase incidence various illnesses, such as mental disorders, metabolic syndrome cancer. At molecular level, periodicity established set genes via autoregulatory translation-transcription feedback loops. This mechanism regulated post-translational modifications phosphorylation ubiquitination, which pace clock. Ubiquitination particular has been found regulate stability core components, but also protein functions. Mutation encoding ubiquitin ligases can cause either elongation or shortening circadian period. Recent research started uncover roles for deubiquitination clockwork. Here we review role pathway regulating propose that ubiquitination key element modification code orchestrates mechanisms behavior over daily cycle.

Language: Английский

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Evening home lighting adversely impacts the circadian system and sleep

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Nov. 5, 2020

The regular rise and fall of the sun resulted in development 24-h rhythms virtually all organisms. In an evolutionary heartbeat, humans have taken control their light environment with electric light. Humans are highly sensitive to light, yet most people now use until bedtime. We evaluated impact modern home lighting environments relation sleep individual-level sensitivity using a new wearable spectrophotometer. found that nearly half homes had bright enough suppress melatonin by 50%, but wide range individual responses (0-87% suppression for average home). Greater evening relative individual's was associated increased wakefulness after Homes energy-efficient lights double melanopic illuminance incandescent lighting. These findings demonstrate significantly affects circadian system, specific is unpredictable.

Language: Английский

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