Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(6)
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
chronic
inflammatory
autoimmune
disease
that
often
causes
joint
pain,
swelling,
and
functional
impairments.
Drug
therapy
the
main
strategy
used
to
alleviate
symptoms
of
RA;
however,
drug
may
have
several
adverse
effects,
such
as
nausea,
vomiting,
abdominal
diarrhea,
gastric
ulcers,
intestinal
bleeding,
hypertension,
hyperglycemia,
infection,
fatigue,
indigestion.
Moreover,
long‐term
excessive
use
drugs
cause
liver
kidney
dysfunction,
well
thrombocytopenia.
Nanodrug
delivery
systems
(NDDSs)
can
deliver
therapeutics
diseased
sites
with
controlled
release
payload
in
an
abnormal
microenvironment,
which
helps
reduce
side
effects
therapeutics.
Abnormalities
decreased
pH,
increased
expression
matrix
metalloproteinases
(MMPs),
concentrations
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
are
associated
progression
RA
but
also
provide
opportunity
achieve
microenvironment‐responsive
therapeutic
at
site.
Microenvironment‐responsive
NDDSs
overcome
abovementioned
disadvantages
therapy.
Herein,
we
comprehensively
review
recent
progress
development
for
treatment,
including
pH‐,
ROS‐,
MMP‐,
multiresponsive
NDDSs.
Furthermore,
pathological
microenvironment
highlighted
detail.
Nanomedicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 15
Published: Jan. 28, 2025
Gout
is
a
commonly
occurring
form
of
inflammatory
arthritis
caused
by
persistently
elevated
levels
uric
acid.
Its
incidence
rate
rises
with
the
increases
living
standards
and
poor
dietary
habits,
which
has
considerable
impact
on
quality
life
patients.
Although
there
wide
assortment
drugs
available
for
management
gout,
effectiveness
security
these
are
limited
their
chemical
stability
insufficient
targeting.
Therefore,
development
effective
nanomedicine
systems
to
overcome
problems
treat
gout
becomes
high
priority.
This
review
provides
detailed
introduction
research
progress
developing
advanced
nanomedicines
using
polymers,
hydrogel,
nanocapsules,
lipids,
bionic
vesicles,
inorganic
artificial
organelles
electronically
controlled
conveyor
carriers
improve
therapy.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Overproduction
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
elevated
synovial
inflammation,
hyperplasia
and
fibrosis
are
the
main
characteristic
microenvironment
in
rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA).
Macrophages
fibroblast-like
synoviocytes
(FLSs)
play
crucial
roles
progression
RA.
Hence,
synergistic
combination
ROS
scavenging,
macrophage
polarization
from
pro-inflammatory
M1
phenotype
towards
M2
anti-inflammatory
phenotype,
restoring
homeostasis
FLSs
will
provide
a
promising
therapeutic
strategy
for
In
this
study,
we
successfully
synthesized
metformin-derived
carbon
dots
(MCDs),
investigated
antirheumatic
effect
vivo
vitro.
Designed
MCDs
could
target
inflamed
cells
accumulate
at
inflammatory
joints
collagen-induced
(CIA)
rats.
investigation
suggested
that
reduced
inflammation
hyperplasia,
ultimately
prevented
cartilage
destruction,
bone
erosion,
CIA
addition,
eliminated
cellular
macrophages
RA
through
enzyme-like
catalytic
activity
as
well
inhibiting
NOD-like
receptor
family,
pyrin
domain
containing
3
(NLRP3)
inflammasome
signaling
pathway,
effectively
polarizing
them
into
to
realize
effect.
Furthermore,
inhibit
proliferation,
migration,
FLSs.
Mechanistically,
restored
while
reducing
level
by
blocking
IL-6/gp130
pathway.
Combined
with
preferable
biocompatibility,
offer
prospective
treatment
approach
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
chronic
autoimmune
condition
characterized
by
synovial
hyperplasia,
where
inflammatory
macrophages
within
the
joint
synovium
produce
multiple
cytokines,
leading
to
cartilage
damage.
The
development
of
therapeutic
strategies
that
combine
anti-inflammatory
effects
and
repair
mechanisms
holds
great
promise
for
effective
RA
treatment.
To
address
limitations
associated
with
off-target
intravenous
administration
risk
cavity
infection
repeated
local
injections,
we
have
innovatively
developed
liposomal
drug
depot
through
hyaluronic
acid
(HA)-modified
liposomes
encapsulating
dexamethasone
sodium
phosphate
(DSP)-loaded
nanogels,
termed
HA-Lipo@G/D.
nanogels
were
prepared
ionic
cross-linking
chondroitin
sulfate
gelatin,
both
which
notable
properties.
In
vitro
studies
demonstrated
this
formulation
exhibited
sustained
release,
enhanced
uptake
macrophages,
reduced
secretion
factors
(TNF-α,
IL-1β),
significantly
decreased
chondrocyte
apoptosis
induced
factors.
Moreover,
in
vivo
assessments
rat
model
collagen-induced
revealed
accumulation
at
inflamed
site,
resulting
macrophage
repolarization
tissue
repair.
Our
findings
provide
synergistic
strategy
inhibiting
inflammation
mitigating
damage
injection,
thereby
enhancing
efficacy
RA.
Drug Delivery,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
32(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
an
inflammatory
immune-triggered
disease
that
causes
synovitis,
cartilage
degradation,
and
joint
injury.
In
nanotechnology,
conventional
liposomes
were
extensively
investigated
for
RA.
However,
they
frequently
undergo
rapid
clearance,
reducing
circulation
time
therapeutic
efficacy.
Additionally,
their
stability
in
the
bloodstream
often
compromised,
resulting
premature
drug
release.
The
current
review
explores
potential
of
targeted
liposomal-based
nanosystems
treatment
It
highlights
pathophysiology
RA,
selective
targeting
sites,
elucidates
diverse
mechanisms
novel
liposomal
types
applications.
Furthermore,
strategies
pH-sensitive,
flexible,
surface-modified,
PEGylated,
acoustic,
ROS-mediated,
biofunctionalized
are
addressed.
Targeted
nanoliposomes
showed
precisely
delivering
drugs
to
CD44,
SR-A,
FR-β,
FLS,
toll-like
receptors
through
high
affinity
ligands.
vitro
studies
interpreted
stable
release
profiles
improved
stability.
Ex
vivo
on
skin
demonstrated
ultradeformable
glycerol-conjugated
enhanced
penetrability.
experiments
rat
model
depicted
remarkable
efficacy
swelling,
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
synovial
hyperplasia.
conclusion,
these
represented
a
significant
leap
forward
delivery,
offering
effective
options
future,
integrating
advanced
with
artificial
intelligence,
immunotherapy,
precision
medicine
holds
great
promise.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
an
autoimmune
disease
whose
pathophysiology
closely
related
to
inflammation-associated
cells
and
the
microenvironment
of
inflamed
joints.
This
study
aimed
develop
dual-targeted,
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)/pH
dual-responsive,
size-shrinkable
intelligent
micelles
targeting
M1
macrophages
fibroblast-like
synoviocytes
(FLSs)
enhance
drug
efficacy
safety.
These
were
surface-modified
with
PEG5000
prolong
their
circulation
time
in
bloodstream
hide
molecules.
The
optimized
particle
size
allowed
reside
joints
through
extravasation
leaky
vasculature
subsequent
inflammatory
cell-mediated
sequestration
(ELVIS)
effect.
high
concentration
ROS
joint
caused
detachment
hydration
layer
PEG5000,
which
was
then
specifically
recognized
internalized
by
FLSs
via
CD44
receptor-mediated
endocytosis,
ultimately
allowing
release
into
acidic
environment
cells.
vivo
vitro
evaluation
showed
that
precisely
targeted
site,
thus
inhibiting
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
reversing
polarization
macrophages,
invasion
migration
proliferative
FLSs,
and,
at
same
time,
regulating
seeds
soils
RA.
"three
birds
one
stone"
approach
multiple
aspects
RA,
opening
new
horizons
for
comprehensive
treatment
Gels,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(2), P. 136 - 136
Published: Feb. 15, 2025
As
a
chronic
systemic
autoimmune
disease,
rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
not
only
damages
joints
and
other
organs
or
systems
throughout
the
body
but
also
torments
patients'
physical
mental
health
for
long
time,
seriously
affecting
their
quality
of
life.
According
to
incomplete
statistics
at
present,
global
prevalence
RA
is
approximately
0.5-1%,
number
patients
increasing
year
by
year.
Currently,
drug
therapies
are
usually
adopted
treatment
RA,
such
as
non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory
drugs
(NSAIDs),
disease-modifying
antirheumatic
(DMARDs),
glucocorticoids/steroids,
so
on.
However,
traditional
therapy
has
problems
half-lives,
cycles
requiring
frequent
administration,
lack
specificity,
possible
adverse
reactions
(such
gastrointestinal
side
effects,
skin
stratum
corneum
barrier
damage,
toxicity),
which
greatly
restrict
RA.
In
order
improve
limitations
drug,
physical,
surgical
treatments
large
related
studies
on
have
been
carried
out.
Among
them,
hydrogels
widely
used
in
research
due
excellent
biocompatibility,
mechanical
properties,
general
adaptability.
For
example,
can
be
injected
into
synovial
cavity
fluid
reduce
wear
between
joints,
lubricate
avoid
surface
degradation.
This
article
reviews
applications
under
different
functions
situation
carriers
through
delivery
routes
confirms
outstanding
potential
great
significance.
Nano Letters,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 3, 2025
Rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA)
is
a
chronic
autoimmune
disease
distinguished
by
inflammatory
synovitis.
Chrysin
can
alleviate
the
response
and
inhibit
progression
of
RA.
However,
unfavorable
physicochemical
properties
nonselective
biodistribution
chrysin
make
it
difficult
to
achieve
good
therapeutic
efficacy.
To
address
these
challenges,
we
developed
biomimetic
nanocarrier
enhance
targeted
delivery
synoviocytes,
key
cellular
component
in
RA
pathology.
Our
nanodrug,
FMPlipo@C,
was
engineered
integrating
fibroblast-like
synoviocyte
(FLS)
membrane
proteins
into
chrysin-loaded
liposomes.
This
innovative
approach
harnesses
homologous
targeting
mediated
FLS
direct
liposomes
inflamed
joints,
facilitating
cargo
release
within
synoviocytes.
We
showed
that
FMPlipo@C
reduces
inflammation
collagen-induced
rheumatoid
(CIA)
model
mice
inhibiting
HIF-1α/iNOS/NLRP3
pathway,
protecting
cartilage,
preventing
bone
erosion,
thus
reducing
swelling
stiffness.
study
offers
valuable
insights
development
novel
strategies
for
treatment
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 8, 2025
Aberrant
proliferation
and
inflammation
of
fibroblast-like
synoviocytes
(FLSs)
significantly
contribute
to
the
pathogenesis
rheumatoid
arthritis
(RA).
Deficiency
hydrogen
sulfide
(H2S)
is
a
driving
force
for
development
RA,
short
half-life
H2S-releasing
donor
sodium
hydrosulfide
(NaHS)
limits
its
clinical
application
in
RA
therapy.
Designing
targeted
delivery
system
with
slow-release
properties
FLSs
could
offer
novel
strategies
treating
RA.
Herein,
we
designed
strategy
achieve
slow
release
H2S
synovium,
which
was
accomplished
by
synthesizing
NaHS-CY5@mesoporous
silic@LNP
peptide
Dil
(NaHS@Cy5@MS@SP)
nanoparticles.
Our
results
demonstrated
that
NaHS@Cy5@MS@SP
effectively
targets
FLSs,
upregulates
its-producing
enzyme
cystathionine-γ-lyase
(CSE)
joints
arthritic
mice.
Overexpression
CSE
inhibited
proliferation,
migration,
upon
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)
exposure,
effects
were
mimicked
NaHS@Cy5@MS@SP.
In
vivo
studies
showed
achieved
threefold
higher
AUCinf
than
free
NaHS,
improving
bioavailability
NaHS.
Further,
synovial
hyperplasia
reduced
bone
cartilage
erosion
DBA/1J
mouse
model
collagen-induced
(CIA),
superior
RNA
sequencing
molecular
validated
inactivated
Hedgehog
signaling
pathway
as
evidenced
reductions
protein
expression
SHH,
SMO,
GLI1
phosphorylated
p38/MAPK.
This
study
highlights
promising
controlled
synoviocytes,
offering
potential
management.