Pathophysiology and Main Molecular Mechanisms of Urinary Stone Formation and Recurrence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 3075 - 3075

Published: March 6, 2024

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is one of the most common urological diseases. The incidence kidney stones has increased dramatically in last few decades. are mineral deposits calyces or pelvis, free attached to renal papillae. They contain crystals and organic components, they made when urine supersaturated with minerals. Calcium-containing common, calcium oxalate as main component stones. However, many these form on a phosphate matrix called Randall’s plaque, which found surface papilla. etiology multifactorial, recurrence rate high 50% within 5 years after first onset. There great need for prevention that requires better understanding mechanisms involved formation facilitate development more effective drugs. This review aims understand pathophysiology molecular known date prevent recurrences, behavioral nutritional interventions, well pharmacological treatments specific type stone.

Language: Английский

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Personalized Medicine in Urolithiasis: AI Chatbot-Assisted Dietary Management of Oxalate for Kidney Stone Prevention

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 107 - 107

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Accurate information regarding oxalate levels in foods is essential for managing patients with hyperoxaluria, nephropathy, or those susceptible to calcium stones. This study aimed assess the reliability of chatbots categorizing based on their content. We assessed accuracy ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, Bard AI, and Bing Chat classify dietary content per serving into low (<5 mg), moderate (5–8 high (>8 mg) categories. A total 539 food items were processed through each chatbot. The was compared between stratified by AI had highest 84%, followed (60%), GPT-4 (52%), GPT-3.5 (49%) (p < 0.001). There a significant pairwise difference chatbots, except = 0.30). all decreased higher degree categories but remained having accuracy, regardless considerable variation classifying consistently showed Chat, GPT-4, GPT-3.5. These results underline potential management at-risk patient groups need enhancements chatbot algorithms clinical accuracy.

Language: Английский

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Associations between the conicity index and kidney stone disease prevalence and mortality in American adults

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Kidney Stone Disease (KSD) is a prevalent urological condition, while abdominal obesity on the rise globally. The conicity index, measuring body fat distribution, crucial but under-researched in its relation to KSD and all-cause mortality. This study, using data from 59,842 participants NHANES (2007-2018), calculated index waist circumference, height, weight. Logistic regression Cox models revealed significant positive correlation: each 0.1 unit increase was linked 23% odds (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.35) higher predictive ability compared traditional measures (AUC = 0.619). In patients, this corresponded 44% risk of mortality (HR: 1.44, 1.82), non-KSD 53% 1.53, 1.37, 1.70). Serum albumin Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) partially mediated these relationships. Addressing central could significantly lower risks

Language: Английский

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Serum HDL partially mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and kidney stones: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 907, P. 167915 - 167915

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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A cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between the non-high density to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and kidney stone risk in American adults

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 27, 2024

Abstract Background Recent interest in the Non-High Density to High Lipoprotein Cholesterol ratio (NHHR) has emerged due its potential role metabolic disorders. However, connection between NHHR and development of kidney stones still lacks clarity. The primary goal this research is explore how correlates with stone incidence. Methods An analysis was conducted on data collected by National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007 2018, focusing adults over 20 years diagnosed those available values. Employing weighted logistic regression Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) models, levels’ correlation risk examined. Extensive subgroup analyses were for enhanced reliability findings. Results findings indicate a heightened at highest levels relative lowest (reference group). A notable non-linear incidence been observed, significant P -value (< 0.001), consistent across various subgroups. Conclusion clear link exists high increased American adult population. This study highlights NHHR’s significance as indicator formation.

Language: Английский

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Understanding formation processes of calcareous nephrolithiasis in renal interstitium and tubule lumen

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(7)

Published: March 20, 2024

Kidney stone, one of the oldest known diseases, has plagued humans for centuries, consistently imposing a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems worldwide due to their high incidence recurrence rates. Advancements in endoscopy, imaging, genetics, molecular biology bioinformatics have led deeper more comprehensive understanding mechanism behind nephrolithiasis. stone formation is complex, multi-step long-term process involving transformation stone-forming salts from free ions into asymptomatic or symptomatic stones influenced by physical, chemical biological factors. Among various types kidney observed clinical practice, calcareous nephrolithiasis currently most common exhibits intricate mechanism. Extensive research suggests that primarily originates interstitial subepithelial calcified plaques and/or blockages openings collecting ducts. These eventually come contact with urine renal pelvis, serving as nidus crystal subsequent growth. Both pathways share similar mechanisms, such drive abnormal composition, involvement oxidative stress inflammation, an imbalance inhibitors promoters. However, they also possess unique characteristics. Hence, this review aims provide detailed description present recent discoveries regarding processes two distinct birthplaces: interstitium tubule lumen.

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of Porphyra Yezoensis Polysaccharides in Inhibiting Hyperoxalate-Induced Renal Injury and Crystal Deposition

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(12), P. 6372 - 6388

Published: March 12, 2024

Oxidative damage to the kidneys is a primary factor in occurrence of kidney stones. This study explores inhibitory effect Porphyra yezoensis polysaccharides (PYP) on oxalate-induced renal injury by detecting levels oxidative damage, expression adhesion molecules, and intracellular organelles revealed molecular mechanism biology methods. Additionally, we validated role PYP vivo using crystallization model hyperoxalate-induced rats. effectively scavenged overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) HK-2 cells, inhibited calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals cell surface, unblocked cycle, restored depolarization mitochondrial membrane potential, death. upregulated antioxidant proteins, including Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, CAT, while decreasing Keap-1, thereby activating Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. CaOx deposition tubules rat model, significantly reduced high injury, decreased surface improved function rats, ultimately formation Therefore, PYP, which has inhibition properties, may be therapeutic option for treatment

Language: Английский

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New insight into oxidative stress and inflammatory responses to kidney stones: Potential therapeutic strategies with natural active ingredients

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 117333 - 117333

Published: Sept. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Lgals3 Promotes Calcium Oxalate Crystal Formation and Kidney Injury Through Histone Lactylation‐Mediated FGFR4 Activation

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract The incidence of kidney stones is increasing worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism process stone formation and damage caused are not well understood. Here, it observed that Lgals3, a β‐galactoside‐binding protein, significantly increased in tissues with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones, both vivo vitro models. Lgals3 expression positively correlated deposition CaOx crystals. Knockout markedly reduces crystal renal fibrosis vivo. Furthermore, deficiency decrease glycolytic rate lactate production during inhibited histone lactylation H3K18la. Mechanistic studies shows directly interacted key glycolysis protein pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) promoted its by modulating E3 ligase Trim21, preventing ubiquitination PKM2. H3K18 injury vitro. inhibites transcription, activation, FGFR4 through inhibition These findings suggest may play role interacting PKM2 promoting H3K18la‐mediated gene transcription activation.

Language: Английский

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Poria cocos polysaccharide and lotus seedpod polyphenols synergistically inhibit CRFK cell damage induced by magnesium ammonium phosphate via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106184 - 106184

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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