Real-time diagnosis and monitoring of biofilm and corrosion layer formation on different water pipe materials using non-invasive imaging methods

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 361, P. 142577 - 142577

Published: June 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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A detailed perspective of water resource management in a dry and water scarce country: The case in Kuwait

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Kuwait is an arid country with one of the world’s highest consumption rates per capita. It suffers from severe water scarcity. Annual national expenditure on direct supply and distribution in substantial, which a burden country’s economy. The nation’s dependency imported food due to scarcity also considered primary political security concern. These conditions call for much more efficient use management Kuwait. This study aims undertake extensive analysis resources review current strategies better planning management. main sources freshwater are seawater desalination, brackish groundwater, recycling wastewater. Seawater desalination source that produces 61% drinking, agriculture, other water-dependent industries. Other measures related rainfall drainage systems networks employed utilize scarce water. Multiple government organizations enforce several legal frameworks oversee long-term acute water-related issues. Regional neighbors face similar climatic suffer associated shortages. Water conservation cultivating water-efficient crops have been identified as effective overcome this issue. However, small size dry climate Kuwait, its future challenging. must invest modern, innovative, solutions preserve sustainability resources.

Language: Английский

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A Pragmatic Approach for Chlorine Decay Modeling in Multiple-Source Water Distribution Networks Based on Trace Analysis

Water, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 345 - 345

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Providing water with adequate quality to users is one of the main concerns for utilities. In most countries, this ensured through introduction disinfectants, such as chlorine, which are subjected decay over time, consequent loss disinfection action and possible formation harmful by-products. context, models can be a useful tool support management and, thus, ensure sufficient standards in all network points, but these require input reaction parameters could difficult obtain based on information available utilities, especially case complex distribution networks (WDNs) supplied by more than source. This study proposes pragmatic, interval-number-based method model chlorine WDNs relying use hydraulic results trace analysis, exploited overall rates. The applied real WDN sources different qualitative features. obtained highlight that help utilities identification parameters.

Language: Английский

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The optimal location of tanks in water distribution networks using failure tolerance

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

The location of tanks impacts the optimal design and reliability water distribution networks. However, contention exists in literature regarding best for tanks. aim this study was therefore to develop a tool compute failure tolerance when pipe occurs network, as consequence, determine tank(s). To achieve this, five designs Anytown Network (ATN), which is benchmark network literature, were selected. These designs, recommended additional at different locations hydraulically simulated using pressure driven analysis EPANET 2.2, these results validated. tolerance, Microsoft Excel ® developed, validated applied ATN designs. comparison values generated revealed influence tank on during i.e., while each > 0.68 (a less vulnerable network), an tank(s) downstream demand center. Incidentally, emerged cheapest points fact that higher need not be more expensive network.

Language: Английский

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Modelling free residual chlorine decay in a residential district water distribution network using smart water meter data

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Language: Английский

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Hydraulic capacity extension of networks through the water savings and investment analysis approach

Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 17

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Water age in drinking water distribution systems: A case study comparing tracers and EPANET

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 100817 - 100817

Published: June 24, 2024

This study aimed to compare the water age in a drinking distribution network (DWDN) using tracers and EPANET. The results indicate that all DWDN have residence times within "short" time. established by EPA does not represent quality problems. These two techniques provided similar estimates of with small differences at points close treatment plant. difference may be due fact can retained pipes, which overestimates water; meanwhile, EPANET could underestimate calibration or simplified representation network.

Language: Английский

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Leveraging Urban Water Distribution Systems with Smart Sensors for Sustainable Cities

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(22), P. 7223 - 7223

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Optimizing urban water distribution systems is essential for reducing economic losses, minimizing wastage, and addressing resource access gaps, particularly in drought-prone regions impacted by climate change. We apply advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques the Internet of Things (IoT) to optimize networks Spain using simulation. By employing EPANET hydraulic modeling a linear regression-based algorithm optimization, we achieved up 96.62% system efficiency with mean absolute error 0.049. Our approach demonstrates potential conserve 648,000 L daily at high-demand nodes, contributing substantial savings across networks. propose global architecture utilizing Low Power Wide Area Network Earth Orbit solutions widespread deployment. This study underscores AI network optimization suggests future research avenues implementing proposed real systems.

Language: Английский

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Performance evaluation of a pilot wetland system for wastewater treatment

Journal of Engineering Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Wetland systems are inexpensive and easy-to-operate wastewater widely used globally at different scales for the safe treatment of wastewater. This study aims to evaluate a pilot-scale vertical flow wetland system treating under loadings. The was constructed using indigenous plants (Imperata cylindrical) operated actual twelve-months. Samples from influent effluent were collected weekly. They analyzed parameters listed in Kuwait Environment Public Authority standards reuse irrigation, such as organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals, microorganisms. results showed that high hydraulic loading rate (1.67 m3/m2.d) phase more efficient than low (1.04 terms organics nutrient removal efficiency. range efficiency matter rates around 48.5-49.0% 59.1-59.1%, respectively. In addition, nutrients 43.7-67.7% 24.7-76.6%, Moreover, metals -134.3-93.8% -1545.7-92.6%, It evident he leaching soil. it found performance closely linked ambient temperature effects during start-up (r = 0.59) 0.43) phases example. While has wider on biota, its pronounced. conclusion, can be treat office efficiently harsh climate conditions with adjustments capacity, rates, operational conditions.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Leakage Control and Energy Consumption Optimization in Drinking Water Distribution Networks

Energies, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 5484 - 5484

Published: July 28, 2022

Water is an essential element for life [...]

Language: Английский

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