Biogeosciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
19(13), P. 3169 - 3184
Published: July 6, 2022
Abstract.
Nitrogen
(N)
fertilizer
inputs
to
agricultural
soils
are
a
leading
cause
of
nitrous
oxide
(N2O)
emissions.
Legume
cover
crops
an
alternative
N
source
that
can
reduce
N2O
emissions
compared
N.
However,
our
understanding
episodic
flux
following
crop
incorporation
by
tillage
is
limited
and
has
focused
on
single-species
crops.
Our
study
explores
whether
increasing
functional
diversity
with
legume–grass
mixture
pulse
tillage.
In
field
experiment,
we
planted
crimson
clover
(Trifolium
incarnatum
L.),
cereal
rye
(Secale
clover–rye
mixture,
no-cover
control
at
two
sites
contrasting
soil
fertility
properties
in
Michigan.
We
hypothesized
the
would
be
lower
treatment
because
litter
decrease
mineralization
rates.
measured
for
approximately
2
weeks
capture
first
peak
each
site.
Across
treatments,
higher-fertility
site,
CF,
had
greater
biomass,
2-fold-higher
aboveground
biomass
N,
higher
cumulative
than
lower-fertility
KBS
(413.4±67.5
vs.
230.8±42.5
g
N2O-N
ha−1;
P=0.004).
There
was
significant
effect
daily
both
sites.
At
fluxes
were
6
d
after
KBS,
from
8
11
When
controlling
differences
between
sites,
led
fallow
treatments.
found
partial
support
hypothesis
clover.
patterns
differed
suggesting
interactions
types
background
influence
during
decomposition.
GCB Bioenergy,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
11(1), P. 269 - 288
Published: Aug. 9, 2018
Abstract
Lignocellulosic
ethanol
represents
a
renewable
alternative
to
petrol.
Miscanthus,
perennial
plant
that
grows
on
marginal
land,
is
characterized
by
efficient
use
of
resources
and
considered
promising
source
lignocellulosic
biomass.
A
life
cycle
assessment
(LCA)
was
performed
determine
the
environmental
impacts
production
from
miscanthus
grown
land
in
Great
Britain
(Aberystwyth)
an
average‐yield
site
Germany
(Stuttgart;
functional
unit:
1
GJ).
As
conversion
process
has
substantial
influence
overall
performance,
comparison
examined
three
pretreatment
options
for
miscanthus.
Overall,
results
indicate
lower
Stuttgart
with
corresponding
pathways
Aberystwyth
across
analysed
categories.
Disparities
between
sites
were
mainly
attributed
differences
biomass
yield.
When
comparing
options,
liquid
hot
water
treatment
resulted
lowest
impacts,
followed
dilute
sulphuric
acid.
Dilute
sodium
hydroxide
represented
least
favourable
option.
Site‐dependent
variation
composition
degradability
did
not
have
performance
pathways.
Additionally,
implications
replacing
petrol
examined.
Ethanol
derived
respect
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
fossil
resource
depletion,
natural
transformation
ozone
depletion.
However,
other
categories,
including
toxicity,
eutrophication
agricultural
occupation,
net
scores
substantially
higher
than
reference.
Nevertheless,
produced
via
acid
at
potential
comply
requirements
European
Renewable
energy
directive
emission
reduction.
For
site,
carbon
sequestration
needs
be
order
meet
mitigation.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
13(7), P. e0200876 - e0200876
Published: July 26, 2018
The
static
chamber
approach
is
often
used
for
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
flux
measurements,
whereby
the
deduced
from
increase
of
species
concentration
after
closing
chamber.
Since
this
changes
diffusion
gradients
between
air
and
soil
air,
a
nonlinear
expected.
Lateral
flow
leakages
also
contribute
to
non
linearity.
Several
models
have
been
suggested
account
linearity,
most
recent
being
Hutchinson–Mosier
regression
model
(hmr).
However,
practical
application
these
challenging
because
researcher
needs
decide
each
whether
fit
appropriate
or
exaggerates
estimates
due
measurement
artifacts.
In
latter
case,
estimate
linear
more
robust
solution
introduces
less
arbitrary
uncertainty
data.
We
present
new,
dynamic
reproducible
calculation
scheme,
kappa.max,
an
improved
trade-off
bias
(i.e.
accuracy
precision).
develop
tool
simulate,
visualise
optimise
scheme
any
specific
N2O
system.
decision
procedure
visualisation
tools
are
implemented
in
package
R
software.
Finally,
we
demonstrate
with
performance
applied
measured
dataset
actual
uncertainty.
kappa.max
method
effectively
reducing
at
minimal
cost
Biology and Fertility of Soils,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 4, 2024
Abstract
The
objectives
of
this
field
trial
were
to
collect
reliable
measurement
data
on
N
2
emissions
and
O/(N
O
+
)
ratios
in
typical
German
crops
relation
crop
development
provide
a
dataset
test
improve
biogeochemical
models.
winter
wheat
(WW,
Triticum
aestivum
L.)
sugar
beet
(SB,
Beta
vulgaris
subsp.
measured
using
the
improved
15
gas
flux
method
with
helium–oxygen
flushing
(80:20)
reduce
atmospheric
background
<
2%.
To
estimate
total
production
soil,
production-diffusion
modelling
was
applied.
Soil
samples
taken
regular
intervals
analyzed
for
mineral
(NO
3
−
NH
4
water-extractable
Corg
content.
In
addition,
we
monitored
soil
moisture,
development,
plant
uptake,
transformation
processes
translocation
deeper
layers.
Our
best
estimates
cumulative
losses
860.4
±
220.9
mg
m
−2
553.1
96.3
over
experimental
period
189
161
days
0.12
0.15
WW
SB,
respectively.
Growing
plants
affected
all
controlling
factors
denitrification,
dynamics
clearly
differed
between
species.
Overall,
highest
when
water
uptake
low,
i.e.,
during
early
growth
stages,
ripening,
after
harvest.
We
present
first
plot-scale
study
employing
growing
season
showing
that
drivers
fluxes
differ
species
change
throughout
season.
Agronomy,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
10(8), P. 1174 - 1174
Published: Aug. 11, 2020
Cattle
slurry
injection
(INJ)
has
shown
to
be
an
efficient
measure
reduce
ammonia
(NH3)
losses
from
soils
but
it
might
also
significantly
increase
nitrous
oxide
(N2O)
emissions,
which
can
dominate
the
total
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
release
in
silage
maize
production
(Zea
mays
L.).
Nitrification
inhibitors
(NIs)
are
known
for
their
potential
mitigate
N2O.
Therefore,
we
tested
effect
of
NIs
added
cattle
before
INJ
on
N2O
fluxes
a
Haplic
Luvisol
under
southwest
Germany.
We
determined
at
least
weekly,
with
closed
chamber
method
over
two
full
years.
differ
chemical
and
physical
behavior
therefore
range
commercially
available
NIs:
3,4-dimethylpyrazole
phosphate,
3,4-dimethylpyrazol
succinic
acid,
mixture
both,
nitrapyrin,
dicyandiamide,
1,2,4
triazol
3-methylpyrazol.
Although
not
significant,
treatments
NI
showed
lower
mean
annual
emissions
than
treatment
without
1st
year.
The
emission
reduction
by
46%
2nd
year
was
statistically
significant.
In
both
years,
did
find
any
difference
release,
crop
yield,
or
nitrogen
removal
between
different
treatments.
year,
extraordinary
dry
warm,
factors
(EFs)
all
were
4
8-fold
higher
default
EF
IPCC.
Even
only
three
reached
EFs
within
provided
Direct
accounted
81
91%
GHG
emission.
Area-
yield-related
broadcast
application
subsequent
incorporation
years
statistical
class
lowest
contrast,
similar
one
consequently,
found
optimum
management
practice
livestock
farmers
our
study
region.
