Straw-derived biochar optimizes water consumption, shoot and root characteristics to improve water productivity of maize under reduced nitrogen

Agricultural Water Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 108722 - 108722

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Optimizing water and nitrogen (N) utilization to enhance crop yields under resource constraints is crucial. Straw its biochar, combined with N fertilizer, are commonly used improve soil carbon storage growth. However, the effects of straw fertilizer management on consumption, root shoot characteristics, uptake, maize productivity remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, a three-year (2019–2021) field experiment was conducted in Northwest China. We compared two incorporation methods [straw (SI) straw-derived biochar (BI)] removal (NI) at four application rates [0 (N0), 225 (N225), 300 (N300), 375 kg ha–1 (N375)]. Results indicated that NI, both SI BI significantly increased grain yield (GY), (WP) (SI < BI; P 0.05). The maximum GYs were achieved SIN300 BIN225, respectively. Notably, SIN300, BIN225 enhanced GY by 10.8% 5.8% improved WP 19.2% 9.9% (P This improvement mainly attributed consumption after tasseling transpiration (T) evapotranspiration (ET). Furthermore, resulted distribution shallow layers (0–0.3 m). Under roots exhibited longer, thinner deeper profile, minimizing redundancy enhancing efficiency absorption during reproductive stage maize. In contrast, shorter, thicker, shallower roots, leading reduced shoot-root ratio 12.2% Based normalization fitting curves, (240 ha–1) 24.5%, achieving 98.7% for drip-irrigated (16.98 Mg kg–1). Overall, these findings provide novel strategy sustainable arid irrigation agriculture similar ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Biodegradable film mulching reduces the climate cost of saving water without yield penalty in dryland rice production

Resources Conservation and Recycling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 197, P. 107071 - 107071

Published: June 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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Impact of straw and its derivatives on lodging resistance and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed areas

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 127055 - 127055

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Ammoniated straw incorporation increases maize grain yield while decreasing net greenhouse gas budget on the Loess Plateau, China

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 352, P. 108503 - 108503

Published: March 31, 2023

Language: Английский

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Combining organic and chemical fertilizer plus water-saving system reduces environmental impacts and improves apple yield in rainfed apple orchards

Agricultural Water Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 288, P. 108482 - 108482

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Combining organic and inorganic fertilizers is critical for increasing yield improving soil fertility. However, the specific effects of this combination on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in hilly apple orchards remain unclear. Furthermore, studies slope agriculture often overlook runoff, a significant factor to consider. Hence, we conducted two-year field trial orchard north Shaanxi investigate impact practical measures GHG emissions, yield, fruit quality. Three management practices were implemented: (1) OCWS: combined chemical (substituting 60% fertilizer with fertilizer) plus water-saving system comprising fish scale pit (FSP) rainwater collection (RCP); (2) CWS: alone system; (3) CC: without (the conventional practice based local farmers' practices), serving as control treatment. The results revealed that OCWS treatment had lowest average surface temperature (22.5 ℃), which was 5.5% 4.5% lower than CWS CC treatments, highest volumetric water content (21.7%), 8.4% 10.4% higher treatments during growing season. Seasonal variation N2O, CO2, CH4 followed similar trends across although magnitude change varied. Cumulative did not differ significantly among treatments. global warming potential (GWP) but 62.6% intensity (GHGI) Averaged two years, reduced runoff by 49.2% 43.9% sediment 72.1% 68.7%, respectively, compared Moreover, precipitation positively correlated erosive sediment. (37,550 kg hm–2), crop production (69.4 hm–2 mm–1), transverse diameter (84.3 mm), single weight (261.5 g), vitamin C (29.5 mg kg–1), soluble solids (14.3%), sugars (10.7%), sugar/acid ratio (55.0). Thus, an effective quality mitigating adverse environmental impacts Loess Plateau, great sustainable management.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced nitrogen fertilizer combined with straw incorporation can reduce global warming potential with higher carbon sequestration in a summer maize-winter wheat rotation system

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 365, P. 108913 - 108913

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Coupling effects of irrigation and nitrogen on spring maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions in Northwestern China

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(1), P. 342 - 352

Published: Aug. 27, 2024

Abstract BACKGROUND This study explored the mechanism of irrigation and nitrogen (N) coupling on spring maize yield soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with objective achieving water saving, high emission reduction. Field experiments were conducted to analyze effects multiple N management strategies GHG emissions determine optimal balance between GHG, conservation grain yield. The three levels (low, IL; medium, IM; high, IH) 4 application (N40, N80, N120 N160 kg ha −1 ). RESULTS IL treatment exhibited lowest 2 O CO fluxes CH uptake fluxes. N40 highest flux. Significant positive correlations observed among fluxes, moisture inorganic content. Maize initially increased then decreased rising management. By employing TOPSIS method assess effects, we identified IMN120 as given that this achieved (14 686.26 ) use efficiency (3.51 m −3 while maintaining relatively low global warming potential (573.30 CO2 eq ∙ intensity (0.0390 CONCLUSION Irrigation optimization are key reducing enhancing yield, promoting both sustainable development agriculture environmental protection. © 2024 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Estimation of in-season nitrogen requirement for drip-irrigated spring maize without or with straw incorporation using critical nitrogen dilution curve

Plant and Soil, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 490(1-2), P. 555 - 572

Published: June 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Can dual mulching outperform single mulching in arid agriculture—Loess Plateau? A meta‐analysis based on crop yield and water use efficiency

Land Degradation and Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(11), P. 3700 - 3713

Published: June 8, 2024

Abstract Field mulching is an important technique for dryland crop cultivation in the Loess Plateau (LP) of China, which alleviates local agricultural water shortage. However, under different precipitation and temperature conditions, effects on moisture conservation yield enhancement are not consistent. A meta‐analysis was conducted to assess variations across various variables (mulching types, rainfall annual average temperature) based data from 203 peer‐reviewed publications, including 1466 991 use efficiency points. The results indicated that compared with no (CK), plastic (PM), straw (SM), dual (SPM) significantly increased both (WUE), SPM demonstrating most substantial improvement. Under conditions low (<7°C), PM improved WUE. Similarly, when temperatures were below 7°C ranged 400 600 mm, SM also enhanced Compared PM, does enhance WUE high‐temperature low‐precipitation (>12°C, ≤400 mm) low‐temperature high‐precipitation (≤7°C, >600 conditions. outperforms enhancing diverse hydrothermal Furthermore, we green development assessment using DPSIR model, after 20 years development, found potential greater than PM. Overall, only enhances but serves as effective replacement thereby boosting production agriculture. Its crucial role advancing regional has been validated by scientific research.

Language: Английский

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Carbon and Water Balances in a Watermelon Crop Mulched with Biodegradable Films in Mediterranean Conditions at Extended Growth Season Scale

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 945 - 945

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

The carbon source/sink nature and the water balance of a drip-irrigated mulched watermelon cultivated under semi-arid climate were investigated. Biodegradable films, plants some fruits left on soil as green manure. study spanned from planting to subsequent crop (June–November 2023). eddy covariance technique was employed monitor vapor (H2O) dioxide (CO2) fluxes, which partitioned into transpiration, evaporation, photosynthesis respiration, respectively, using flux variance similarity method.This method utilizesthe Monin–Obukhov theory separate stomatal (photosynthesis transpiration) non-stomatal (respiration evaporation) processes. results indicate that mulching films contribute sequestration in (+19.3 g C m−2). However, presented this functions net source, with biome exchange, representing rate accumulation or loss ecosystems, equal +230 m−2. This is primarily due substantial amount exported through marketable fruits. Fixed scheduling led waste deep percolation (approximately 1/6 supplied), also contributed organic via leaching (−4.3 These findings recommend further research enhance sustainability terms both balances.

Language: Английский

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