Climate change in progress: observations on the impacts of drought events on Tuscan forests

Forest - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 1 - 9

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Climate change in progress: observations on the impacts of drought events Tuscan forestsThe empirical observation and heat waves that occurred between 2017 2022 several forest areas Tuscany allowed to describe various processes effects trees shrubs.The most severe were observed evergreen Mediterranean tall woodlands aged coppices (on holm oak trees), causing defoliation even mortality.In cases, attempts resprouting from dormant buds (from base tree trunk or crown), following events, not successful.Deciduous broad-leaved (beech, downy oak) suffered a strong summer defoliation, especially steep slopes with shallow soils south-facing aspect.These species generally able replenish foliage year.In unfavorable conditions, however, we extensive attacks opportunistic parasites, such as fungi genus Biscogniauxia, which favored by ultimate cause mortality.Turkey showed mortality small groups individual trees.Heat also affected minor species, desiccation and, serious causes, death tree.Some mesohygrophilous are restricted relict populations specific microclimatic sites within sub-Mediterranean habitats impacted, consequences biodiversity, regeneration, production fruits for wildlife.Increasing will trigger regressive dynamic lead many transformation forests into bushy forms scrub, scrublands sparse garrigues steppes.A more intense natural thinning coppice stands Turkey is occurring, due combined effect intra-or inter-specific competition.The implementation regional monitoring system recommended, based integration past existing experiences new initiatives, quantify dynamics, extent severity impacts.A crucial point need adapt forestry, utilization woods, changed ecological conditions avoid increasing impact them.

Language: Английский

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Light more than warming impacts understory tree seedling growth in a temperate deciduous forest

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 549, P. 121496 - 121496

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mapping spatial microclimate patterns in mountain forests from LiDAR

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 341, P. 109662 - 109662

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Forest edge effects on moss growth are amplified by drought

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(4)

Published: March 20, 2023

Forest fragmentation increases the amount of edges in landscape. Differences wind, radiation, and vegetation structure create edge-to-interior gradients forest microclimate, these are likely to be more pronounced during droughts heatwaves. Although effects climate extremes on edge influences have potentially strong long-lasting impacts understory biodiversity, they not well understood often considered management landscape planning. Here we used a novel method retrospectively quantifying growth assess biologically relevant caused by microclimate using Hylocomium splendens, moss with annual segments. We examined how spatio-temporal variation drought across 3 years 46 sites central Sweden, affected depth magnitude influences. also investigated whether were influenced differences structure. Edge almost twice as year compared non-drought years, but did find clear evidence that penetrated deeper into year. greater areas had fewer days rain Higher levels canopy cover tree height buffered influence times drought. Our results demonstrate amplified drought, suggesting aggravated when become frequent severe. suggest dense buffer zones high can important ways mitigate negative edges.

Language: Английский

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Urban forest microclimates across temperate Europe are shaped by deep edge effects and forest structure

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 341, P. 109632 - 109632

Published: Aug. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Coppice management affects leaf traits in understory species of Mediterranean oak forests

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 580, P. 122517 - 122517

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Negative effects of forest edges and canopy opening on moth communities

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 585, P. 122661 - 122661

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Whose woods are these? Forest patch characteristics and ownership across cities of the eastern United States

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 260, P. 105374 - 105374

Published: April 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Trait–micro‐environment relationships of forest herb communities across Europe

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(2), P. 286 - 302

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Abstract Aim The microclimate and light conditions on the forest floor are strongly modified by tree canopies. Therefore, we need to better consider micro‐environment when quantifying trait–environment relationships for understorey plants. Here, quantify between micro‐environmental plant functional traits at community level, including intraspecific trait variation, their relationship with air temperature, soil properties. Location Deciduous temperate forests across Europe. Time period 2018. Major taxa studied Herbaceous vegetation. Methods We sampled 225 plots 15 regions along four complementary gradients capturing both macro‐ microclimatic latitude, elevation, management distance edges. related community‐weighted mean of five (plant height, specific leaf area [SLA], carbon [C], nitrogen [N] C:N ratio) 150 vascular species variation in local tested effect accounting performed partitioning identify major drivers variation. Results Microclimate availability properties were all important predictors traits. When temperature higher, herb often consisted taller plants a higher ratio. In more productive environments (e.g. high availability), was dominated individuals resource‐acquisitive traits: SLA N but low C:N. Including increased strength trait–micro‐environment relationship, importance availability. Main conclusions much stronger considered. By locally steering managers can potentially impact signature herb‐layer community.

Language: Английский

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Mechanistically mapping near-surface temperature in the understory of temperate forests: A validation of the microclima R package against empirical observations

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 346, P. 109894 - 109894

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

Temperature conditions matter for ground-dwelling biodiversity. However, contrary to ambient-air temperatures as measured by weather stations, there is no global network available yet measuring microclimate perceived organisms living near the ground. To predict ground, mechanistic models have been recently developed. Here, we aim at testing ability of microclima package in R make predictions real temperature Focusing on a 45 loggers hourly air ground (1-m height) inside and outside forest Compiègne, northern France, generated maps near-ground temperature, predicted package, covering exact same period: February 2018 October 2019. Our results show strong correlation between model (R² = 0.88). We also found that vegetation height Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) influence root mean square error (RMSE) well slope coefficient temperatures. For instance, increasing reduces RMSE Sensors placed open habitats or under low canopy tended measure higher than those model. Because sensors forests are likely biased overheating due incoming solar radiation, predictive accuracy cannot be quantified fair manner. Better more in-situ data needed. Alternatively, could tailored mimic sensor better reflect conditions—(e.g., 3D structure vegetation, sliding window approach).

Language: Английский

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