When is a trend meaningful? Insights to carbon cycle variability from an initial-condition large ensemble DOI Creative Commons
Gordon B. Bonan, Clara Deser, William R. Wieder

et al.

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

Internal climate variability (ICV) creates a range of trajectories, which are superimposed upon the forced response. A single model realization may not represent change alone and diverge from other realizations, as well observations, due to ICV. We use an initial-condition large ensemble simulations with Community Earth System Model (CESM2) show that ICV produces outcomes in terrestrial carbon cycle. Trends gross primary production (GPP) 1991 2020 differ among members different trajectories resulting quantify how imparts on GPP trends apply our methodology observational record. Observed changes at two long-running eddy covariance flux towers consistent ICV, challenging understanding cycle these locations. probabilistic framework accounts for is needed interpret trends.

Language: Английский

Proximal remote sensing: an essential tool for bridging the gap between high‐resolution ecosystem monitoring and global ecology DOI Creative Commons
Zoe Pierrat, Troy S. Magney, Will P. Richardson

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Summary A new proliferation of optical instruments that can be attached to towers over or within ecosystems, ‘proximal’ remote sensing, enables a comprehensive characterization terrestrial ecosystem structure, function, and fluxes energy, water, carbon. Proximal sensing bridge the gap between individual plants, site‐level eddy‐covariance fluxes, airborne spaceborne by providing continuous data at high‐spatiotemporal resolution. Here, we review recent advances in proximal for improving our mechanistic understanding plant processes, model development, validation current upcoming satellite missions. We provide best practices availability metadata sensing: spectral reflectance, solar‐induced fluorescence, thermal infrared radiation, microwave backscatter, LiDAR. Our paper outlines steps necessary making these streams more widespread, accessible, interoperable, information‐rich, enabling us address key ecological questions unanswerable from space‐based observations alone and, ultimately, demonstrate feasibility technologies critical local global ecology.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Reimagining Earth in the Earth System DOI Creative Commons
Gordon B. Bonan,

Oliver Lucier,

Deborah R. Coen

et al.

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract Terrestrial, aquatic, and marine ecosystems regulate climate at local to global scales through exchanges of energy matter with the atmosphere assist change mitigation nature‐based solutions. Climate science is no longer a study physics oceans, but also ecology biosphere. This promise Earth system science: transcend academic disciplines enable interacting physics, chemistry, biology planet. However, long‐standing tension in protecting, restoring, managing forest purposely improve evidences difficulties interdisciplinary science. For four centuries, management for betterment was argued, legislated, ultimately dismissed, when nineteenth century atmospheric scientists narrowly defined exclusion ecology. Today's science, its roots models climate, unfolds similar ways past. With models, geoscientists are again defining system. Here we reframe so that biosphere equally integrated fluid prediction planetary stewardship. Central this need overcome an intellectual heritage elevates geoscience marginalizes land knowledge. The call kilometer‐scale ocean without concomitant scientific computational investment biosphere, perpetuates geophysical view will not fully provide comprehensive actionable information needed changing climate.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Upscaling Land Surface Fluxes Through Hyper Resolution Remote Sensing in Space, Time, and the Spectrum DOI Creative Commons
Youngryel Ryu

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract Numerous efforts to measure land surface fluxes, from leaf canopy scales, have significantly advanced the field of biogeoscience. However, upscaling these estimates larger spatial and temporal scales remains a challenge. Recent advancements in remote sensing provide new opportunities bridge gaps efforts. In this review, I propose that emerging satellite data can support robust fluxes terms space through constellations low Earth orbit satellites, time geostationary spectrum via optical, thermal, microwave satellites. Lastly, recommend development long‐term network integrating tower‐based hyperspectral, instruments rigorously evaluate process fluxes.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Role of Micrometeorological Memory in Modulating Sub‐Daily Scale Variability of Net Ecosystem Exchange DOI
Akash Verma, Leena Khadke,

Elizabeth Eldhose

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 130(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) is crucial for understanding the carbon balance in ecosystems, indicating whether they act as sinks or sources. While impact of hydrometeorological factors on NEE at daily and monthly scales has been well‐researched, significance sub‐daily variability influence memory micrometeorological variables remain understudied. This study addresses this gap by analyzing temporal dynamics using half‐hourly data from 29 FLUXNET sites over least 6 years. We found that contributes 10%–55% 13‐day variability, depending seasonal cycles biome characteristics. Using an information theory based transfer entropy (TE) approach, we identified causal drivers within a 6‐hr memory. Our results show significantly impacts NEE, surpassing their instantaneous effects. Temperature (TA), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), soil water content (SWC Mean ) consistently affect memory, whereas sensible heat (H) incoming shortwave radiation (SW IN diminishes higher lags. magnitude average TE to exhibits notable variations, structure how transferred does not differ across seasons, reflected shape values various time SWC , VPD, TA jointly, while H SW have overlapping Additionally, precipitation influences indirectly through . findings highlight importance accounting high‐frequency its underlying when investigating ecohydrological interactions, shedding light role carbon‐water interactions.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Global warming impacts of carbon dioxide, methane, and albedo in an island forest nature reserve DOI Creative Commons
Liangxu Wu,

qingsong Zhu,

Xianglan Li

et al.

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 114085 - 114085

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Abstract Forest ecosystems influence climate by sequestering carbon from the atmosphere and altering surface energy balance. However, combined global warming impacts (GWIs), contribution dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes, methane (CH 4 albedo changes (Δ α remain poorly understood. Here, we reported GWIs of CO , CH with eddy covariance (EC) measurements during 2020–2022 in a subtropical island forest located Nanji Islands National Marine Protected Area Southern China. We suggested that acted as significant sink, annual fluxes −548.6 ± 11.1 −5.67 1.1 g C m −2 yr −1 respectively, while daily varied within range 0.03–0.15. By converting radiative forcing induced change to equivalents, analyzed three contributors GWI. The averages GWI uptake, Δ were 011.6 40.6, −211.3 1.1, 0.03 4.5 -eq mean 223 40.8 . During 2020–2022, contributions 89.7% 91.4%, 9.4% 9.6% −1.0%–0.9%, respectively. Island had strong positive effect on mitigation, uptake greatly enhancing its cooling benefits. Using Pearson correlation path analysis, found photosynthetically active radiation, precipitation, soil water content primary factors controlling dynamics, mainly driving fluxes. This study provided novel insights into establishment overall evaluation framework for ecosystem-scale based long-term EC an forest.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Numerical Investigation of Observational Flux Partitioning Methods for Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide DOI Creative Commons
Einara Zahn, Khaled Ghannam, Marcelo Chamecki

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129(6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract While yearly budgets of CO 2 flux ( F c ) and evapotranspiration ET above vegetation can be readily obtained from eddy‐covariance measurements, the separate quantification their soil (respiration evaporation) canopy (photosynthesis transpiration) components remains an elusive yet critical research objective. In this work, we investigate four methods to partition observed total fluxes into plant sources: two new existing approaches that are based solely on analysis conventional high frequency (EC) data. The physical validity assumptions all methods, as well performance under different scenarios, tested with aid large‐eddy simulations, which used replicate field experiments. Our results indicate canopies large, exposed patches increase mixing correlation scalars; negatively impacts partitioning require some degree uncorrelatedness between water vapor. addition, best performances for were found when non‐negligible, measurements collected close top. Methods relying water‐use efficiency W perform better is known a priori, but shown very sensitive uncertainties in input variable especially dominate. We conclude by showing how coefficient vapor infer reliability parameterizations.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Advancing Sustainable Water Management in Southern Italy Through Integrated Hydrological Modeling and Earth Observation DOI
Vito Iacobellis, Andrea Gioia, Vincenzo Totaro

et al.

Lecture notes in computer science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 217 - 229

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Challenges and Future Directions in Quantifying Terrestrial Evapotranspiration DOI Creative Commons
K. Yi, G. B. Senay, Joshua B. Fisher

et al.

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Abstract Terrestrial evapotranspiration is the second‐largest component of land water cycle, linking water, energy, and carbon cycles influencing productivity health ecosystems. The dynamics ET across a spectrum spatiotemporal scales their controls remain an active focus research different science disciplines. Here, we provide overview current state in situ measurements, partitioning ET, remote sensing, discuss how approaches complement one another based on advantages shortcomings. We aim to facilitate collaboration among cross‐disciplinary group scientists overcome challenges identified this paper ultimately advance our integrated understanding ET.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Ideas and perspectives: Research on ecosystem-atmosphere interactions in Asia: early career researcher opinion DOI Creative Commons
Sung‐Ching Lee, Hojin Lee, Tin W. Satriawan

et al.

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Abstract. Due to a growing recognition of the need study how ecosystems and atmosphere interact with each other, many regional networks as well global network networks, FLUXNET, were formed. Since 1999, when AsiaFlux was established, scientists in region have been measuring flux densities energy, water vapor, greenhouse gas exchanges better evaluate ecosystem-atmosphere interactions understand their underlying mechanisms. The includes natural managed that span broad climatic ecological gradients, experience diverse management practices disturbances. In this ideas perspectives paper, from view early career researchers (ECRs), we synthesize key research foci recent years, focus on latest conferences, highlight selected discoveries. While achieving significant milestones, ECRs argue community should work together emphasize importance long-term observations, rejuvenate network’s shared open-access database, actively engage stakeholders. With unique ecosystem types Asian region, efforts expertise can provide critical insights into roles climate change, extreme weather events, soil properties, vegetation physiology structure, breathing biosphere. closing, hope paper inspire future generation Asia promote between across different cultures stages.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Editorial special issue: Celebrating 25 years of AmeriFlux DOI
Trevor F. Keenan, Gil Bohrer, Russell L. Scott

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110241 - 110241

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0