Reduced control of SARS-CoV-2 infection associates with lower mucosal antibody responses in pregnancy

mSphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Pregnant patients are at greater risk of hospitalization with severe COVID-19 than non-pregnant people. This was a retrospective observational cohort study remnant clinical specimens from who visited acute care hospitals within the Johns Hopkins Health System in Baltimore, MD–Washington DC, area between October 2020 and May 2022. Participants included confirmed respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected pregnant people matched (the matching criteria age, race/ethnicity, deprivation index, insurance status, vaccination status to ensure demographics). The primary dependent measures were outcomes, infectious virus recovery, viral RNA levels, mucosal anti-spike (S) IgG titers upper tract samples. A total 452 individuals (117 335 non-pregnant) study, both vaccinated unvaccinated represented. increased (odds ratio [OR] = 4.2; confidence interval [CI] 2.0–8.6), intensive unit admittance (OR 4.5; CI 1.2–14.2), being placed on supplemental oxygen therapy 3.1; 1.3–6.9). Individuals infected during their third trimester had higher anti-S lower levels ( P < 0.05) those first or second trimesters. experiencing breakthrough infections due Omicron variant reduced compared 0.05). observed severity antibody responses particularly among participants suggest that maintaining high SARS-CoV-2 immunity through booster vaccines may be important for protection this at-risk population. IMPORTANCE In we analyzed samples (SARS-CoV-2) Hospital Disease severity, including admission, patients. Vaccination recovery patients, but not nasopharyngeal associated responses, especially women pregnancy variants. Taken together, provides insights into how COVID-19. novelty is it focuses relationship response its association load disease outcomes people, whereas previous studies have focused serological immunity. gestational omicron impact

Language: Английский

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Maternal-fetal cytokine profiles in acute SARS-CoV-2 “breakthrough” infection after COVID-19 vaccination

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Vaccination is protective against severe COVID-19 disease, yet whether vaccination reduces COVID-19-associated inflammation in pregnancy has not been established. The objective of this study to characterize maternal and cord cytokine profiles acute SARS-CoV-2 "breakthrough" infection (BTI) after vaccination, compared with unvaccinated uninfected controls. 66 pregnant individuals enrolled the MGH biorepository (March 2020-April 2022) were included. Maternal sera collected from 26 21 vaccinated infection. Cord at delivery. 19 term dyads without current or prior analyzed as Cytokines quantified using Human Inflammation 20-Plex ProcartaPlex assay. There was a significantly higher incidence severe/critical illness (10/26 (38%) vs. 0/21 (0%), p<0.01). Significantly levels TNFα CD62P observed BTI (p<0.05). Network correlation analyses revealed distinct response vs individuals. Neither nor resulted elevated cytokines Multivariate demonstrate setting associated during infection, which may reflect vaccine-mediated priming immune system. A fetal inflammatory specific observed.

Language: Английский

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Antibody levels to SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein in mothers and children from delivery to six months later

Birth, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 50(2), P. 418 - 427

Published: July 8, 2022

Pregnant women are vulnerable to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein protect from disease. This study analyzes antibody titers S in pregnant and their newborns at delivery, six months later.

Language: Английский

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Potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for adverse placental outcomes in pregnancies complicated by SARS-CoV-2 infection—A scoping review

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. e0283453 - e0283453

Published: March 23, 2023

Background Emerging evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can result in placental damage and poor outcomes. However, the mechanisms by which leads to are not well understood. With a rapid expansion of literature on this topic, it is critical assess quality synthesize current state literature. The objective scoping review highlight underlying mediated pathology pregnant individuals identify gaps regarding molecular cellular Methods was conducted reported following recommendations PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. study protocol registered with Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/p563s/ ). Five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, PubMed) were searched studies published between September 2019 until April 2022. Studies assessing outcomes respect eligible inclusion. Outcomes interest included histopathology, or analysis. All records uploaded into Covidence extracted using Joanna Briggs Institute method. assessed risk bias Newcastle Ottawa scale narrative synthesis results generated. Results Twenty-seven reporting and/or review. associated perturbations ACE2 pathway, inflammatory mediators immune cell populations mitochondrial function placentas. Conclusions Our findings suggest changes dysfunction, processes may lead observed pregnancy. More research needed understand role these pathways further, addition data collection related trimester, severity, strain.

Language: Английский

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Diminished antiviral innate immune gene expression in the placenta following a maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 228(4), P. 463.e1 - 463.e20

Published: Sept. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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Role of biomarkers (sFlt-1/PlGF) in cases of COVID-19 for distinguishing preeclampsia and guiding clinical management

Pregnancy Hypertension, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 32 - 37

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Neurological and Neuroradiological Manifestations in Neonates Born to Mothers With Coronavirus Disease 2019

Pediatric Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 9 - 17

Published: Dec. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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Mission, Organization, and Future Direction of the Serological Sciences Network for COVID-19 (SeroNet) Epidemiologic Cohort Studies

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9(6)

Published: April 27, 2022

Abstract Background Global efforts are needed to elucidate the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), underlying cause disease 2019 (COVID-19), including seroprevalence, risk factors, and long-term sequelae, as well immune responses after vaccination across populations social dimensions prevention treatment strategies. Methods In United States, National Cancer Institute in partnership with Allergy Infectious Diseases, established SARS-CoV-2 Serological Sciences Network (SeroNet) nation’s largest coordinated effort study 2019. The network comprises multidisciplinary researchers bridging gaps fostering collaborations among immunologists, epidemiologists, virologists, clinicians clinical laboratories, behavioral scientists, policymakers, data community members. total, 49 institutions form SeroNet consortium individuals cancer, autoimmune disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiovascular human immunodeficiency virus, transplant recipients, otherwise healthy pregnant women, children, college students, high-risk occupational workers (including healthcare first responders). Results Several studies focus on underrepresented populations, ethnic minorities rural communities. To support integrative analyses studies, underway define common elements for standardized serology measurements, cellular molecular assays, self-reported data, treatment, outcomes. Conclusions this paper, we discuss overarching framework critical research questions under investigation, accessibility worldwide scientific community. Lessons learned will help inform preparedness responsiveness future emerging diseases.

Language: Английский

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Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Is Associated With Decreased Transplacental IgG Transfer Efficiency Due to Maternal Hypergammaglobulinemia

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 74(7), P. 1131 - 1140

Published: July 13, 2021

Placentally transferred maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) protects against pathogens in early life, yet vertically transmitted infections can interfere with transplacental IgG transfer. Although human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common placentally-transmitted viral infection worldwide, impact of congenital HCMV (cCMV) on transfer has been underexplored.We evaluated total and antigen-specific cord blood levels efficiency a US-based cohort 93 mother-infant pairs including 27 cCMV-infected 66 cCMV-uninfected pairs, which 29 infants were born to HCMV-seropositive nontransmitting mothers 37 HCMV-seronegative mothers. Controls matched sex, race/ethnicity, age, delivery year.Transplacental was decreased by 23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 10-36%, P = .0079) 75% this effect CI 28-174%, .0085) mediated elevated (ie, hypergammaglobulinemia) HCMV-transmitting women. Despite reduced efficiency, similar from without cCMV infection.Our results indicate that moderately reduces due hypergammaglobulinemia; however, had levels, suggesting comparable protection acquired via

Language: Английский

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Pregnant Women Develop a Specific Immunological Long-Lived Memory Against SARS-COV-2

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

It is well established that pregnancy induces deep changes in the immune system. This part of physiological adaptation female organism to and immunological tolerance toward fetus. Indeed, over three trimesters, suppressive T regulatory lymphocytes are progressively more represented, while expression co-stimulatory molecules decreases overtime. Such adaptations relate an increased risk infections progression severe disease pregnant women, potentially resulting altered generation long-lived specific memory infection contracted during pregnancy. How potent response against SARS-CoV-2 infected women how long immunity might last need be urgently addressed, especially considering current vaccinal campaign. To address these questions, we analyzed long-term upon from delivery a six-months follow-up. In particular, investigated antibody production, cell subsets, inflammation profile. Results show 80% developed anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG response, comparable with general population. While were present only 50% asymptomatic subjects, production was elicited by all mild-to-critical patients. The T-cell subsets rebalanced over-time, pro-inflammatory profile triggered stimulation faded away. These results shed light on SARS-CoV-2-specific women; understanding dynamics system essential for defining proper obstetric management fine tune gender-specific plans.

Language: Английский

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