Nucleic acid drugs: recent progress and future perspectives

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Structure of apolipoprotein B100 bound to the low-density lipoprotein receptor

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Bile acids and incretins as modulators of obesity-associated atherosclerosis

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Obesity is one of the major global health concerns 21st century, associated with many comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and early aggressive atherosclerotic cardiovascular which leading cause death worldwide. Bile acids (BAs) incretins are gut hormones involved in digestion absorption fatty acids, insulin secretion, respectively. In recent years BAs increasingly recognized key signaling molecules, target multiple tissues organs, beyond gastro-intestinal system. Moreover, incretin-based therapy has revolutionized treatment T2DM obesity. This mini review highlights current knowledge about dysregulations BA homeostasis obesity a special focus on atherosclerosis well athero-modulating roles currently available therapies.

Language: Английский

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The efficacy of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 and Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1 probiotics in modulating gut microbiota and reducing the risk of the characteristics of metabolic syndrome: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0317202 - e0317202

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Modern treatment, a healthy diet, and physical activity routines lower the risk factors for metabolic syndrome; however, this condition is associated with all-cause cardiovascular mortality worldwide. This investigation involved randomized controlled trial, double-blind, parallel study. Fifty-eight participants of syndrome according to inclusion criteria were into two groups given probiotics ( Lacticaseibacillus paracasei MSMC39-1 Bifidobacterium animalis TA-1) (n = 31) or placebo 27). The had mean age 42.29 ± 7.39 43.89 7.54 years in groups, respectively. Stool samples, anthropometric data, blood chemistries taken at baseline 12 weeks. primary outcome was achieved by group as their low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level dramatically lowered compared (the difference 39.97 26.83 mg/dl, p-value <0.001). Moreover, significant reductions body weight, mass index, waist circumference, systolic pressure, total cholesterol observed volunteers treated placebo. In gut microbiome analysis, results showed statistically differences beta diversity post-intervention group. Blautia , Roseburia Collinsella Ruminococcus among microbiomes that more prevalent addition, exhibited increases predicted functional changes ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, well ribonucleic acid transport, biosynthesis unsaturated fatty acids, glycerophospholipid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism. conclusion, research demonstrated L . B TA-1 have efficacy syndrome.

Language: Английский

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Role of Statins in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review of Long-Term Outcomes

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting critical need for effective preventive therapies. Statins, or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are widely prescribed their ability to lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and reduce CV risk. This systematic review evaluates long-term impact statins on all-cause across diverse populations, including those with chronic kidney disease, heart failure, other comorbid conditions. A comprehensive search major databases identified randomized controlled trials large observational cohort studies follow-up periods exceeding one year. Findings demonstrated significant reductions in (hazard ratio (HR) range: 0.38-0.76) (HR 0.55-0.80) statin therapy, particularly among high-risk groups, such as individuals elevated LDL-C moderate disease. Additional benefits were observed preventing adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Subgroup analyses revealed variations efficacy based age, sex, comorbidities, type dosage, some failure obstructive pulmonary showing limited benefit. Geographic ethnic diversity underrepresented included studies, data effects populations advanced renal impairment inflammatory conditions insufficient. These gaps underscore methodologically robust tailored approaches therapy that account individual patient profiles, comorbidities demographic factors. Practical steps include integrating newer lipid-lowering agents developing personalized treatment protocols maximize minimize risks. reinforces role reducing global burden CVDs while emphasizing areas future research.

Language: Английский

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Decoding Health: Exploring Essential Biomarkers Linked to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 359 - 359

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

The investigation of biomarkers for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) reveals their potential advancing disease treatment addressing notable overlap. connection between MASH, obesity, T2DM highlights the need an integrative management approach mechanisms like insulin resistance chronic inflammation. Obesity contributes significantly to development MASH through lipid dysregulation, resistance, Selective biomarker targeting offers a valuable strategy detecting these comorbidities. Biomarkers CRP, IL-6, TNF-α serve indicators inflammation, while HOMA-IR, fasting insulin, HbA1c are essential evaluating resistance. Additionally, triglycerides, LDL, HDL crucial comprehending dysregulation. Despite growing importance digital biomarkers, challenges in research methodologies sample variability persist, necessitating further studies validate diagnostic tools improve health interventions. Future opportunities include developing non-invasive panels, using multiomics, machine learning enhance prognoses accuracy therapeutic outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Refining the impact of early intermittent hyperlipidemia on atherosclerosis: Unveiling the role of neutrophil reprogramming, sex differences, gut microbiota, and maternal hypercholesterolemia

The FASEB Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(5)

Published: March 6, 2025

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality, with early cholesterol control being pivotal in mitigating long-term risk. Recent findings suggest that intermittent hyperlipidemia, characterized by oscillatory exposure, uniquely accelerates atherosclerosis compared to continuous high-fat diets. This review synthesizes emerging evidence on hyperlipidemia's impact atherogenesis, emphasizing macrophage dysfunction, autophagy impairment, and efferocytosis deficits. We also discuss critical gaps, including sex-specific differences, gut-microbiota interactions, the influence maternal hypercholesterolemia. Notably, recent insights into IL-1β-dependent neutrophil reprogramming under diets reveal novel inflammatory mechanisms driving plaque destabilization. Addressing these gaps will advance our understanding atherogenesis guide development innovative prevention strategies therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Safety Evaluation of Fermented and Nonfermented Moringa oleifera Seeds in Healthy Albino Rats: Biochemical, Haematological, and Histological Studies

International Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Fermentation preserves and enhances food properties, but consuming locally fermented foods can cause health issues like flatulence, gastrointestinal disorders, kidney stones, sometimes death. This study evaluated the biochemical, haematological, histological effects of supplementing diets with Moringa oleifera seed (FMS) nonfermented (NFMS) in healthy albino rats. Male rats were fed containing 10%, 20%, 30% FMS NFMS for 14 days. No significant changes observed body weight or organ/body ratios. However, platelet count increased significantly (p < 0.05) at higher supplementation levels, suggesting enhanced haemostatic activity. While haematological parameters remained stable, 20% urea creatinine indicating potential renal stress. Histological analysis showed mild alterations more pronounced NFMS-fed mitigated antinutrient effects, enhancing safety. are safe up to inclusion, applications human nutrition functional development.

Language: Английский

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Hemp seed protein exerts its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects through degradation into short peptides

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 144406 - 144406

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Reduced circulating CD63+ extracellular vesicle levels associate with atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolaemic mice and humans

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

The association and co-isolation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown in blood plasma. Here we explore this relationship to better understand the role EVs atherogenesis.

Language: Английский

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