Vitamin D deficiency in British South Asians, a persistent but avoidable problem associated with many health risks (including rickets, T2DM, CVD, COVID-19 and pregnancy complications): the case for correcting this deficiency DOI Creative Commons
Barbara J. Boucher

Endocrine Connections, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(12)

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

High vitamin D deficiency rates, with rickets and osteomalacia, have been common in South Asians (SAs) arriving Britain since the 1950s preventable infant deaths from hypocalcaemic status-epilepticus cardiomyopathy. Vitamin increases SA disorders (type 2 diabetes cardiovascular disease), recent trials non-linear Mendelian randomisation studies having shown to be causal for both disorders. Ethnic minority, obesity, social deprivation are recognised COVID-19 risk factors, but is not, despite convincing mechanistic evidence of it. Adjusting analyses obesity/ethnicity abolishes prediction, factors lower serum 25(OH)D specifically. Social inadequately explains increased ethnic minority risks. remains uncorrected after 70 years, official bodies using ‘education’, ‘assimilation’ ‘diet’ as ‘proxies’ differences increasing pressures assimilate. Meanwhile, English was abolished ~1940 by free ‘welfare foods’ (meat, milk, eggs, cod liver oil), all pregnant/nursing mothers young children (<5 years old). Cod oil withdrawn antenatal clinics 1994 (for excessive A teratogenicity), without alternative provision. The take-up 2006 ‘Healthy-Start’ scheme food-vouchers low-income families (<3 old) has poor, being inaccessible poorly publicised. pandemic advice UK adults ‘lockdown’ ‘400 IU D/day’, inadequate correcting seen winter/summer at 17.5%/5.9% White, 38.5%/30% Black 57.2%/50.8% people representative Biobank subjects when recruited ~14 ago remaining similar 2018. inadequacy worsens many non-skeletal health Not providing preventing osteomalacia continues unacceptable, deficiency-related risks increase disparities, while abolishing would easier more cost-effective than any other factor worsening Britain.

Language: Английский

Global incidence and prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease DOI Creative Commons

Margaret LP Teng,

Cheng Han Ng, Daniel Q. Huang

et al.

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(Suppl), P. S32 - S42

Published: Dec. 15, 2022

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of worldwide. The estimated global incidence NAFLD 47 cases per 1,000 population and higher among males than females. prevalence adults 32% (40%) compared to females (26%). has increased over time, from 26% in studies 2005 or earlier 38% 2016 beyond. varies substantially by world region, contributed differing rates obesity, genetic socioeconomic factors. exceeds 40% the Americas South-East Asia. projected increase significantly multiple regions 2030 if current trends are left unchecked. In this review, we discuss future projections.

Language: Английский

Citations

328
Review article: the epidemiologic burden of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease across the world DOI
Linda Henry, James M. Paik, Zobair M. Younossi

et al.

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 942 - 956

Published: July 26, 2022

Summary Background The prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in parallel with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Aim To review the global epidemiology NAFLD Methods We retrieved articles from PubMed using search terms NAFLD, epidemiology, prevalence, incidence, comorbidities. Results Over 250 were reviewed. In 2016, was 25%; this increased to >30% 2019. Prevalence Asia, Latin America Middle East‐North Africa (MENA) 30.8%, 34.5% 42.6%, respectively. age. Although higher men, post‐menopausal women similar. certain subpopulations, especially among obese those metabolic syndrome (MS). However, lean 11.2%. steatohepatitis (NASH) estimated between 2% 6% general population. Approximately 7% patients have advanced fibrosis; rates 21% 50% NASH. Overall mortality related 15–20 per 1000 person‐years, substantially NASH, components MS. Recent data suggest mortality/morbidity globally but awareness remains low healthcare providers. Conclusions poses a public health problem very high burden MENA America. Research needed better quantify full impact develop strategies improve risk stratification.

Language: Английский

Citations

142
Effects of time-restricted feeding (16/8) combined with a low-sugar diet on the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial DOI
Hamed Kord‐Varkaneh, Ammar Salehi‐Sahlabadi, Grant M. Tinsley

et al.

Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 105, P. 111847 - 111847

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Management of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: The diabetology perspective DOI Creative Commons
Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen,

Shahanas K A Khan,

Sherouk Fouda

et al.

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 126 - 143

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

The metabolic syndrome as a consequence of the obesity pandemic resulted in substantial increase prevalence metabolic-associated fatty live disease (MAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Because similarity pathobiology shared between T2DM MAFLD, both disorders coexist many patients may potentiate disease-related outcomes with rapid progression increased complications individual diseases. In fact, awareness about this coexistence risk are often overlooked by hepatologists diabetologists. Management these patient should be addressed wholistically using an appropriate multidisciplinary team approach involving specialists and, when necessary, liaising dieticians surgeons. This comprehensive review is to compile current evidence from diabetologist's perspective on MAFLD suggest optimal management strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Progression to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Literature Review DOI Open Access

Haider Ghazanfar,

Nismat Javed,

Abeer Qasim

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 1214 - 1214

Published: March 20, 2024

The prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing globally due to factors such as urbanization, obesity, poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyles, healthcare accessibility, diagnostic advancements, and genetic influences. Research on MAFLD HCC risk factors, pathogenesis, biomarkers has been conducted through a narrative review relevant studies, with focus PubMed Web Science databases exclusion criteria based article availability language. Steatosis marks the early stage MASH advancement, commonly associated metabolic syndrome obesity type 2 diabetes. Various mechanisms, including heightened lipolysis, hepatic lipogenesis, consumption high-calorie diets, contribute accumulation lipids in liver. Insulin resistance pivotal development steatosis, it leads release free acids from adipose tissue. Natural compounds hold promise regulating lipid metabolism inflammation combat these conditions. Liver fibrosis serves significant predictor progression development, underscoring need target treatment approaches. Risk for MASH-associated encompass advanced fibrosis, older age, male gender, syndrome, predispositions, dietary habits, emphasizing requirement efficient surveillance measures. Considering important further studies determine biochemical impact order establish targeted therapies that can prevent or reduce MASH, indirectly decreasing HCC.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Unraveling Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Through the Use of Omics Technologies DOI Open Access
Maria V. Bourganou, Maria Chondrogianni, Ioannis Kyrou

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1589 - 1589

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD), is the most prevalent disorder globally, linked obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. Understanding its potential progression from simple steatosis cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) crucial for patient management treatment strategies. The disease's complexity requires innovative approaches early detection personalized care. Omics technologies-such genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, exposomics-are revolutionizing study of MASLD. These high-throughput techniques allow a deeper exploration molecular mechanisms driving progression. Genomics can identify genetic predispositions, whilst transcriptomics proteomics reveal changes in gene expression protein profiles during evolution. Metabolomics offers insights into alterations associated with MASLD, while exposomics links environmental exposures MASLD pathology. By integrating data various omics platforms, researchers map out intricate biochemical pathways involved This review discusses roles technologies enhancing understanding highlights diagnostic therapeutic targets within spectrum, emphasizing need non-invasive tools staging development.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Burden of liver disease in Brazil, 1996–2022: a retrospective descriptive study of the epidemiology and impact on public healthcare DOI Creative Commons

João S. F. Guimarães,

Jordana Almeida Mesquita, Thais Yuki Kimura

et al.

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 100731 - 100731

Published: April 19, 2024

Liver disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide its epidemiology depends on the genetic background, exposure to risk factors, access healthcare other sociodemographic characteristics. Brazil large country with diverse multicultural ethnic heritages important socioeconomic inequalities. The burden liver in Brazil, regions population unknown.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Changing epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in South America: A report from the South American liver research network DOI Creative Commons

Marina Farah,

Chimaobi M. Anugwom,

Javier Díaz Ferrer

et al.

Annals of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(2), P. 100876 - 100876

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

Most epidemiological data on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originate from resource-rich countries. We have previously described the epidemiology of HCC in South America through American Liver Research Network. Here, we provide an update changing continent seven years since that report.We evaluated all cases diagnosed between 2019 to 2021 centers six countries America. A templated, retrospective chart review patient characteristics at time diagnosis, including basic demographic, clinical and laboratory data, was completed. Diagnosis made radiologically or histologically for via institutional standards.Centers contributed a total 339 cases. Peru accounted 37% (n=125) patients; Brazil 16% (n=57); Chile 15% (n=51); Colombia 14% (n=48); Argentina 9% (n=29); Ecuador (n=29). The median age diagnosis 67 (IQR 59-73) 61% were male. most common risk factor nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, 37%), followed by hepatitis C (17%), alcohol use disorder (11%) B (12%). majority HCCs occurred setting cirrhosis (80%). HBV-related younger compared other causes, with 46 36-64).We report dramatic changes over last decade, substantial increase NAFLD-related HCC. still occurs much when causes.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Liver transplantation in Latin America: reality and challenges DOI Creative Commons
David Aguirre-Villarreal, Maximiliano Servín-Rojas,

Aczel Sánchez-Cedillo

et al.

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28, P. 100633 - 100633

Published: Nov. 18, 2023

Healthcare systems in Latin America are broadly heterogeneous, but all of them burdened by a dramatic rise liver disease. Some challenges that these countries face include an increase patients requiring transplant, insufficient rates organ donation, delayed referral, and inequitable or suboptimal access to transplant programs post-transplant care. This could be improved expanding the donor pool through implementation education for citizens referring physicians, as well inclusion extended criteria donors, living donors split transplantation. Addressing shortcomings will require national shifts aimed at improving infrastructure, increasing awareness training medical personnel, providing equitable care patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Possible Role of Platelets in the Development and Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease DOI Creative Commons
А.Ф. Шептулина, Ekaterina Liusina, Olga A. Zlobovskaya

et al.

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 17, 2025

To date, an increasing body of evidence supports the potential role activated platelets in pathogenesis non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This is likely due to their ability secrete biologically active substances that regulate regeneration processes, ensure hemostasis, and participate immune response. Additionally, several studies have demonstrated efficacy antiplatelet agents reducing inflammation, severity fibrosis, progression fibrosis steatohepatitis (NASH). Since NAFLD not independent indication for therapy, primary regarding has been derived from using animal models or patients with concomitant cardiovascular diseases. narrative review will discuss main functions platelets, unique interactions cells, outcomes these interactions, as well results evaluating safety therapy NAFLD.

Language: Английский

Citations

0