Review on Sampling Methods and Health Impacts of Fine (PM2.5, ≤2.5 µm) and Ultrafine (UFP, PM0.1, ≤0.1 µm) Particles

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 572 - 572

Published: May 7, 2024

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is of great concern in the modern-day atmosphere owing to its association with a variety health impacts, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Of various size fractions PM, it finer that are most harmful health, particular ultrafine particles (PM0.1; UFPs), an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 100 nm. The smaller fractions, ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5; fine particles) ≤0.1 particles), have been shown numerous linkages negative effects; however, their collection/sampling remains challenging. This review paper employed comprehensive literature methodology; 200 studies were evaluated based on rigor methodologies, including validity experimental designs, data collection methods, statistical analyses. Studies robust methodologies prioritised for inclusion. critically assesses risks associated particles, highlighting vehicular emissions significant source particulate-related effects. While coal combustion, diesel exhaust, household wood combustors’ emissions, Earth’s crust dust also pose risks, evidence suggests exposure particulates from has greatest impact human due widespread distribution contribution air pollution-related article comprehensively examines current sampling technologies, specifically focusing (UFP) ambient facilitate toxicological physiochemical characterisation efforts. discusses diverse approaches collect particulates, along endeavours assess particle concentrations across microenvironments. Following meticulous evaluation techniques, high-volume samplers Chem Vol Model 2400 High Volume Cascade Impactor low-volume like Personal Sampler (PCIS) emerge effective methods. These techniques offer advantages fractionation, efficiency, adaptability different environments, positioning them valuable tools precise quality research environmental monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Effects of increased temperature on atmospheric pollutant levels and human health in small and medium-sized cities in southern Brazil

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 101170 - 101170

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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How Do Emission Factors Contribute to the Uncertainty in Biomass Burning Emissions in the Amazon and Cerrado?

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 423 - 423

Published: April 4, 2025

Fires drive global ecosystem change, impacting carbon dynamics, atmospheric composition, biodiversity, and human well-being. Biomass burning, a major outcome of fires, significantly contributes to greenhouse gas aerosol emissions. Among these, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is particularly concerning due its adverse effects on air quality health, substantial yet uncertain role in Earth’s energy balance. Variability emission factors (EFs) remains key source uncertainty estimates. This study evaluates PM2.5 sensitivity EFs variability Brazil’s Amazon Cerrado biomes over 2002–2023 using the 3BEM_FRP model implemented PREP-CHEM-SRC tool. We updated with values ranges from Andreae (2019), which reflect more comprehensive literature review than earlier datasets. The results reveal that annual average emissions varied by up 162% (1213 Gg yr−1 3172 yr−1) 184% (601 1709 yr−1). Average peak at grid-cell level reached 5688 Mg “Arc Deforestation” region under High-end EF scenario. Notably, forest areas increased time despite shrinking cover, indicating Amazonian forests are becoming vulnerable fire. In Cerrado, savannas primary land cover contributing total emissions, accounting for 64% 80%. These findings underscore importance accurate, region-specific improving models reducing uncertainties.

Language: Английский

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Impact of temperature increase on air pollutants - A case study in a small city in southern Brazil

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100624 - 100624

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

This study aimed to examine the impact of temperature increase on air pollutants, and deaths attributed pollution in Dom Pedrito, a small city southernmost Brazil. To simulate scenarios, Machine Learning technique was performed. The simulation indicated that pollutant levels (O3, PM2.5, PM10) could rise by approximately 7 18 %. In these more severe would experience PM2.5 pollution, albeit at very low percentage. results underscore need for monitoring pollutants cities, particularly considering possibility increase.

Language: Английский

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Southern Air Project - scientific efforts to monitor and measure the impacts of air pollution in southern Brazil

Societal Impacts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 100074 - 100074

Published: July 27, 2024

Air pollution is responsible for illness and death of millions people worldwide annually has strong impacts on the economy society. Large cities typically have more robust effective air quality monitoring coverage, however, less populated need to rely via satellite data or low-cost sensors. Additionally, global national study hotspots are megacities highly industrialized regions, Southern Project aims broaden focus impact populations in areas. This article describes initiatives Project, aimed at providing its health effects small medium-sized southern Brazil. A significant portion pollutant used project originates from information, sensors, passive samplers, provided by enterprises. These been understand levels, dynamics human pollutants that do not well-established networks and, consequently, studied. In addition research initiatives, engages community actions with aim informing about risks exposure role citizens demanding public managers.

Language: Английский

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Health Impact Assessment of Air Pollutants in Simulated Temperature Scenarios in the Largest Coal Mining Region of Brazil

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10, P. 100923 - 100923

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Methods, Progress and Challenges in Global Monitoring of Carbon Emissions from Biomass Combustion

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 1247 - 1247

Published: Oct. 18, 2024

Global biomass burning represents a significant source of carbon emissions, exerting substantial influence on the global cycle and climate change. As emissions become increasingly concerning, accurately quantifying from has emerged as pivotal challenging area scientific research. This paper presents comprehensive review primary monitoring techniques for burning, encompassing both bottom-up top-down approaches. It examines current status limitations these in practice. The method primarily employs terrestrial ecosystem models, emission inventory methods, fire radiation power (FRP) techniques, which rely integration activity data factors to estimate emissions. atmospheric observation chemical transport models invert fluxes. Both methods continue face challenges, such limited satellite resolution affecting accuracy, uncertainties regions lacking ground validation, difficulties model optimization due complexity processes. In light considerations, this explores prospective evolution technology with particular emphasis significance high-precision estimation methodologies, technological advancements remote sensing, inventories. study aims provide forward-looking perspective offering valuable reference point related research policy formulation.

Language: Английский

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Assessment and source apportionment of PM2.5 in a major Latin American port: elevated concentrations from traffic in the Great Atlantic Forest Reserve

Air Quality Atmosphere & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Assessment of forest fires impacts on geoheritage: A study in the Estrela UNESCO Global Geopark, Portugal

International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 580 - 605

Published: Nov. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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