Fire-Induced Changes in Soil Properties and Bacterial Communities in Rotational Shifting Cultivation Fields in Northern Thailand

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 383 - 383

Published: May 27, 2024

Fire is a common practice in rotational shifting cultivation (RSC), but little known about the dynamics of bacterial populations and impact fire disturbance northern Thailand. To fill research gap, this study aims to investigate soil communities examine how soil’s physicochemical properties influence RSC fields over period one year following fire. Surface samples (0–2 cm depth) were collected from sites with 6 (RSC-6Y) 12 (RSC-12Y) years fallow Chiang Mai Province, Thailand at six different time points: before burning, 5 min after burning (summer), 3 months (rainy season), 9 (winter), (summer). The results revealed reduction communities’ diversity an increase nutrient levels immediately significantly influenced abundance Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, not that Actinobacteria. At genus level, Bacillus, Conexibacter, Chthoniobacter showed increased During rainy season, recovery was observed, although availability declined. Soil such as pH, organic matter, carbon, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, total nitrogen, bulk density, sand, silt contents composition communities. Alpha indices indicated decrease followed by early season until summer indicating seasonal variation affected After richness while reverted pre-burning levels.

Language: Английский

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Fire Impacts on Soil Properties and Implications for Sustainability in Rotational Shifting Cultivation: A Review

Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1660 - 1660

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Fire, a prevalent land management tool in rotational shifting cultivation (RSC), has long been debated for its immediate disruption of surface soil, vegetation, and microbial communities. While low-intensity short-duration slash-and-burn techniques are considered beneficial overall soil function, the dual nature fire’s impact warrants comprehensive exploration. This review examines both detrimental effects fire on properties within context RSC. We highlight that research composition, carbon, nitrogen dynamics following events RSC is gaining momentum. After fires, typically shows decreases porosity, clay content, aggregation, cation exchange capacity, while sand pH, available phosphorus, organic tend to increase. There remains ongoing debate regarding bulk density, silt electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, exchangeable ions (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+). Certain bacterial diversity often increases, fungal communities decline during post-fire recovery, influenced by chemical properties. Soil erosion major concern because fire-altered structures heighten risks, underscoring need sustainable strategies. Future directions proposed, including use advanced technologies like remote sensing, UAVs, sensors monitor impacts, as well socio-economic studies balance traditional practices with modern sustainability goals. aims inform agricultural productivity ecological health systems.

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Salinity and Genotype on the Rhizospheric Mycobiomes in Date Palm Seedlings

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 190 - 190

Published: March 15, 2024

Salinity severely affects the health and productivity of plants, with root-associated microbes, including fungi, potentially playing a crucial role in mitigating this effect promoting plant health. This study employed metagenomics to investigate differences structures epiphyte mycobiomes rhizospheres seedlings two distinct date palm cultivars contrasting salinity tolerances, susceptible cultivar, ‘Zabad’, tolerant ‘Umsila’. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA was utilized as DNA barcoding tool. The 12 mycobiome libraries yielded 905,198 raw sequences 268,829 high-quality reads that coded for 135 unique annotatable operational taxonomic units (OTUs). An OTU analysis revealed rhizofungal community between treatments regardless genotype, non-metric dimensional scaling (N-MDS) analyses demonstrated separations under saline stress. However, these were not detected control environmental conditions, i.e., no salinity. rhizospheric fungal included four phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota), abundances Aspergillus, Clonostachys, Fusarium genera response salinity, genotype. Differential pairwise comparisons showed falciforme-solani Aspergillus sydowii-versicolor increased abundance providing potential future vitro isolation guidelines growth-promoting fungi. highlights intricate dynamics rhizosphere microbial communities palms their responses salt Additionally, we found support hypothesis indigenous epiphytic are significantly involved tolerance palms.

Language: Английский

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Distribution and Storage Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon in Tidal Wetland of Dandou Sea, Guangxi

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 431 - 431

Published: March 30, 2024

In order to study the distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and storage (SOCS) among different wetland types in Dandou Sea tidal Guangxi, firstly, based on Sentinel–2 imaging random forest algorithm, combined with existing data, a 10 m resolution dataset Guangxi from 2019 2023 was generated, covering mangroves, salt marshes flats. The results show that overall accuracy recognition is higher than 96%, Kappa coefficient 0.95, which indicates high accuracy. Subsequently, influencing factors SOC SOCS habitats were analyzed. showed content mangroves mangrove, flats 0–60 cm layer 5.30–10.42 g/kg, 7.60–9.84 1.29–2.25 respectively. changes 12.41–26.48 t/ha, 19.58–24.15 3.61–6.86 With increase depth, decreased gradually, increased mainly affected by bulk density (BD), moisture (MC) pH.

Language: Английский

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Soil fungal communities under slash‐and‐burn system in Mozambique: A metataxonomic approach

Soil Use and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(2)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract This study provides a metataxonomic analysis of the fungal communities in soils under slash‐and‐burn agroforestry system and offers new insights into relationships between populations soil physicochemical features such as pH, particle size distribution, easily oxidizable organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, mineralogical composition. Soils from three locations central Mozambique—Vanduzi, Sussundenga, Macate—that are subjected to were considered assess effects forest fallow length (temporal variation) land use (charcoal kiln, crop field, forest; meaning horizontal on community. The fungi genetic horizons (vertical also considered. Most detected decomposers, antagonists plant pathogens, plant‐growth promoters; they differently distributed relation soil's properties use. variations distribution among considerable, while there few different land‐use types. limited differences uses indicate inability period shorter than 50 years improve fertility induce changes pedological approach used identify sample allowed us clearly distinguish community A horizons, those richest organics nutrients, that Bo which have poor fertility.

Language: Английский

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Wildfire Effects on the Soil Respiration and Bacterial Microbiota Composition in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems

Fire, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(7), P. 213 - 213

Published: June 26, 2024

This work provides insights into the effect of fire on soil processes in Mediterranean-type ecosystems Cyprus. Soil samples from mountainous sites that were subjected to a summer wildfire and adjacent control collected. Incubations used estimate basal respiration isolate CO2 release heterotrophic microorganisms autotrophic root litter decomposition. Physicochemical property changes, bacteria community changes using DNA extraction 16S rRNA gene analysis, effects ash fresh addition studied reveal microbial composition post-fire function. Laboratory incubation showed burned soils constantly higher rates compared with unburned areas, even six months after fire. Adding increased respiration, suggesting nutrient availability positively corelates fire-affected soil. Elevated temperatures due exerted significant bacterial microbiota. Nevertheless, did not affect alpha-diversity bacteria. New communities are still able decompose plant material fire, but at slower rate than natural pre-fire populations.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Ectomycorrhizae and Hyphae on Soil Fungal Community Characteristics Across Forest Gap Positions

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2131 - 2131

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

The interactive effects of environmental heterogeneity caused by forest gaps and ectomycorrhizae on fungal community characteristics remain insufficiently explored. To address this knowledge gap, we established a three-year field manipulation experiment in Picea asperata (Picea Mast.) plantation located the subalpine region western Sichuan, China. Growth bags with three mesh sizes—1000 μm (allowing hyphae), 48 (excluding ectomycorrhizae), 1 both)—were placed across (closed canopy, gap edge, center) to investigate how disturbances influence soil communities via changes ectomycorrhizal hyphal turnover alongside physicochemical properties. Soil α-diversity was significantly lower under closed-canopy conditions than at centers remained unaffected treatments. Particularly, species diversity increased 9%, phylogenetic 10% compared closed canopy. In contrast, β-diversity responded both ectomycorrhizal/hyphal treatments (R2 = 0.061; p 0.001) positions 0.033; 0.003). Pairwise comparative analyses revealed significant distinctions between treatments, concurrently excluding versus other experimental as well centers. dominated four major phyla: Ascomycota (25.6%–71.0%), Basidiomycota (17.7%–43.7%), Mortierellomycota (1.4%–24.5%), Rozellomycota (0.4%–2.9%), relative abundances which were either or positions. biomass saprotrophic fungi showed no response Notably, exclusion hyphae enhanced correlations Hierarchical partitioning analysis that water content (SWC) dissolved organic carbon key determinants beneath conditions. edges centers, predominantly shaped SWC nitrogen contents. This study highlights impacts communities, offering valuable insights for sustainable management biodiversity conservation ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Response of Soil Fungal-Community Structure to Crop-Tree Thinning in Pinus massoniana Plantation

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 743 - 743

Published: April 24, 2024

To address the ecological challenges arising from pure forest plantations and wood supply–demand imbalance, implementing sustainable management is paramount. Accordingly, we studied crop trees at three densities (100, 150, 200 N/ha) in a subtropical Pinus massoniana plantation. Our study revealed that dominant phyla genera within fungal community remained largely consistent, with Basidiomycota Ascomycota occupying prominent positions. Notably, β diversity of exhibited significant changes. Ectomycorrhizal saprophytic fungi emerged as crucial functional guilds, crop-tree thinning contributed to increased complexity network, prevalence positive rather than negative correlations among genera. The roles played by Camphor plants ferns were evident networks. Additionally, under thinning, plant experienced boost, fostering interactions community. Herb vital role community, affecting it either directly or indirectly, altering content total phosphorus organic matter soil. This underscores relationship between undergrowth soil communities, offering scientific basis for evaluating sustainability restoring inefficient forest-plantation ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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