Appropriate Fat Supplementation in High‐Starch Diets Involved in the Modification of Fatty Acids Profile, Amino Acids Composition, and Antioxidant Capacity of Adult Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Muscle

Aquaculture Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Tilapia industry has faced great challenges due to the replacement of high‐quality protein sources by a high proportion starch. Meanwhile, level dietary fat is gradually reduced with increase oil price. High starch diets have been proved negative effects on flesh quality in previous studies, but remain unclear. The objective present study was ascertain whether requisite factor adult fish under conditions high‐starch diet feeding. involved Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) an initial body weight (IBW) 168.58 ± 2.01 g, which were fed standard (CON) diet, high‐starch‐low‐fat (HSLF) and high‐starch‐moderate‐fat (HSMF) for 10 weeks. results demonstrated that significantly decreased hardness, chewiness, springiness, gumminess muscle. HSLF led significant reduction gain rate (WGR), accompanied crude content decrease glycogen resulted levels polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), essential amino (EAAs), flavor (FAAs) muscle tissue. Furthermore, it influenced texture reducing collagen content, fiber density, sarcomere length. antioxidant capacity diminished affecting total (T‐AOC), catalase (CAT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well expression related genes SOD , CAT nuclear erythroid 2 like nrf2 )). In contrast, HSMF did not detrimental impact growth performance, yet result hydroxyproline (Hyp), PUFAs, EAA, FAA Moreover, observed markedly elevate It can be concluded affect nutrients, decreasing capacity. Nevertheless, inclusion adequate quantity may prove effective means counteracting these unfavorable outcomes.

Language: Английский

Dietary Succinic Acid Enhances High-Starch Diet Utilization in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) Through Gut-Liver Axis Modulation

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 7, 2025

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of succinic acid (SUA) supplementation in high-starch diets (HSD) on growth performance and enterohepatic health largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides; initial weight 11.96 ± 0.71 g). Six isocaloric isolipidic were formulated, comprising: a standard diet containing 10% corn starch 40% fish meal, an HSD with 15% 36% HSDs supplemented 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, or 2.0% SUA. Compared diet, exhibited adverse including impaired feed utilization, retardation, diminished antioxidant capacity immune response, along metabolic dysregulation gut microbiota disturbances. Significant linear quadratic dose-responses (P < 0.05) detected for multiple parameters: conversion ratio, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic glycogen content, amylase protease activities, hepatic status. The 0.5% SUA group demonstrated: enhanced intestinal morphology; upregulated expression tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Claudin-4) anti-apoptotic Bcl2; increased abundance beneficial microbiota; suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (GRP78, PERK, IRE1, ATF6, eIF2α, Chopα). Additionally, dietary anti-inflammatory mediators (Nrf2, TGFβ1, IL10), glycolytic genes (PK, PFKL2, GK), β-oxidation-related CPT1, Bag, glucose transporter GLUT2, while downregulating pro-inflammatory TNFα, gluconeogenic enzymes (PEPCK, G6Pase), lipogenic (ACC1, FASN), pro-apoptotic Bad. Broken-line regression analysis identified 0.46–0.50% as optimal inclusion level based parameters. This study demonstrates that appropriate alleviates HSD-induced oxidative stress, enhances barrier function, modulates microbiota, maintains homeostasis, thereby improving utilization bass.

Language: Английский