The Role of Cytokines and Molecular Pathways in Lung Fibrosis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Physiopathologic (Re)view

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 639 - 639

Published: March 13, 2024

SARS-CoV-2 infection is a significant health concern that needs to be addressed not only during the initial phase of but also after hospitalization. This consequence various pathologies associated with long COVID-19, which are still being studied and researched. Lung fibrosis an important complication found in up 71% patients discharge. Our research based on scientific articles indexed PubMed; selection process, we used following keywords: “lung fibrosis”, “fibrosis mediators”, predictors”, “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2 infection”, “long COVID-19”. In this narrative review, aimed discuss current understanding mechanisms initiation progression post-COVID-19 lung (PC-19-LF) risk factors for its occurrence. The pathogenesis pulmonary involves mediators such as TGF-β, legumain, osteopontin, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17, TNF-α, Gal-1, Gal-3, PDGF, FGFR-1. key cellular effectors involved COVID-19 macrophages, epithelial alveolar cells, neutrophils, fibroblasts. main pathways include hypoxemia-induced fibrosis, macrophage-induced viral-fibroblast interaction-induced fibrosis.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Biomarkers Associated with the Pulmonary Manifestation of Post-COVID-19 Complications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 4253 - 4253

Published: June 25, 2023

The role of mitochondria in post coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) complications is unclear, especially the long-term pulmonary complications. This study aims to investigate association between post-COVID-19 and mitochondrial regulatory proteins context oxidative stress.Patients who had recovered from COVID-19 were enrolled. According evidence persistent interstitial lung lesions on computed tomography (CT), patients divided into a group (P(+)) control without (P(-)). We randomly selected 80 for investigation (40 subjects each group). Biomarkers levels determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The serum concentrations significantly higher P(+) group, including PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1): 1.62 [1.02-2.29] ng/mL vs. 1.34 [0.94-1.74] (p = 0.046); Dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L): 1.6 [0.9-2.4] IQR 0.9 [0.5-1.6] 0.004); Mitofusin-2 (MFN2): 0.3 [0.2-0.5] 0.2 [0.1-0.3] 0.001). Patients also chemokine ligand 18 (PARC, CCL18), IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) cytokines than P(-) group. concentration interferon alpha (IFN-α) was decreased Furthermore, we observed statistically significant correlations advanced glycation end product (sRAGE) TNF-α (Pearson's factor R 0.637; p < 0.001) DNM1L IFN-α 0.501; 0.002) patients.Elevated biomarkers with indicate their possible pathobiology sequelae. Oxidative stress associated immune response inflammation after COVID-19. could be promising biomarker predicting may potential target therapeutic intervention

Language: Английский

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Risk factors for the development of interstitial lung disease following severe COVID-19 pneumonia and outcomes of systemic corticosteroid therapy: 3-month follow-up.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. e2023029 - e2023029

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

We aimed to evaluate the pulmonary involvement status, its related factors, and function test (PFT) results in first month follow-up patients who were discharged for severe Covid-19 pneumonia, assess efficacy of corticosteroid treatment on these parameters patients.

Language: Английский

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Persistent pulmonary abnormalities after 18 months of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia

Radiología (English Edition), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66, P. S47 - S56

Published: March 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Equivocating and Deliberating on the Probability of COVID-19 Infection Serving as a Risk Factor for Lung Cancer and Common Molecular Pathways Serving as a Link

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1070 - 1070

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

The COVID-19 infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 posed unprecedented global health challenges of massive proportions. persistent effects have become a subject significant concern amongst the medical and scientific community. This article aims to explore probability link between risk lung cancer development. First, this reports that induces severe inflammatory response cellular stress, potentially leading tumorigenesis through common pathways cancer. These include JAK/STAT3 pathway which is activated after initiation cytokine storm following infection. involved proliferation, differentiation, immune homeostasis. also hyperactivated serves as thereof. It predisposes patients myriad molecular mechanisms such DNA damage, genomic instability, cell cycle dysregulation. Another probable based on possibility an oncogenic nature hijacking p53 protein, oxidative stress interfering with repair mechanisms. Finally, highlights overexpression SLC22A18 gene can be overexpressed ZEB1 transcription factor, was found highly expressed during

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN IMMUNITY AND LUNG LESIONS

Ukrainian Pulmonology Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 13 - 23

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The review of the literature presents basic data on mechanisms pathogenesis a new viral COVID-19 infection: damage, immune dysfunction, endothelial lesions. features immunological changes in COVID-19-associated conditions different severity and genesis pulmonary lesions have been described. results studies pathology lung lesions, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive disease, interstitial fibrosis, bronchial asthma, active latent tuberculosis presented. Additionally, some pathological leading to formation long-term disease persistent lungs after (fibrosis, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis, thromboembolism) outlined. autoimmune complications due this infection vaccination against COVID-19, vaccine-induced immunity role crossimmunological reactivity reviewed. Key words: SARS-CoV-2 virus, pathogenesis, immunity, damage.

Language: Английский

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Beyond the Acute Phase: Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Functional Capacity and Prothrombotic Risk—A Pilot Study

Medicina, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 60(1), P. 51 - 51

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

Background and Objectives: Assessment of the prothrombotic, proinflammatory, functional status a cohort COVID-19 patients at least two years after acute infection to identify parameters with potential therapeutic prognostic value. Materials Methods: We conducted retrospective, descriptive study that included 117 consecutive admitted Iasi Pulmonary Rehabilitation Clinic for reassessment rehabilitation program infection. The was divided into groups based on presence (n = 49) or absence 68) pulmonary fibrosis, documented through high-resolution computer tomography. Results: comprises patients, 69.23% females, mean age 65.74 ± 10.19 abnormal body mass index (31.42 5.71 kg/m2). Patients fibrosis have significantly higher levels C-reactive protein (CRP) (p < 0.05), WBC (7.45 7.86/mm3 vs. 9.18 17.24/mm3, p 0.053), neutrophils (4.68 7.88/mm3 9.07 17.44/mm3, platelet volume (MPV) (7.22 0.93 10.25 0.86 fL, lactate dehydrogenase D-dimers but not ferritin 0.470), reflecting chronic proinflammatory prothrombotic status. Additionally, associated had heart rate 0.05) corrected QT interval 0.05). were strongly negatively correlated diffusion capacity hemoglobin (DLCO corr), ROC analysis showed persistence high values is predictor low DLCO (ROC analysis: area under curve 0.772, 0.001). results function tests (spirometry, plethysmography) 6-minute walk test demonstrated no significant difference between groups, without notable impairment within either group. Conclusions: COVID-19-related persistent long-term status, despite recovery. elevated D-dimer could emerge as predictive factor impaired DLCO.

Language: Английский

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Effect of ethyl acetate extract of the whole plant Clerodendrum phlomidis on improving bleomycin (BLM)-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Rats: In vitro and in vivo research

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 113688 - 113688

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Alteraciones pulmonares persistentes tras 18 meses de neumonía por SARS-CoV-2

Radiología, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66, P. S47 - S56

Published: Dec. 18, 2023

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