Macromolecular Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 24, 2025
Abstract
Inflammation
is
an
essential
physiological
defense
mechanism
against
harmful
stimuli,
yet
dysregulated
inflammatory
responses
are
closely
associated
with
the
pathogenesis
of
numerous
acute
and
chronic
diseases.
Recent
advances
highlight
remarkable
anti‐inflammatory
potential
bioactive
macromolecules,
particularly
cyclodextrins
(CDs)
their
engineered
derivatives,
which
emerging
as
promising
therapeutic
agents.
This
review
systematically
introduces
different
CDs
CD‐derived
macromolecules
that
demonstrate
properties,
emphasis
on
molecular
mechanisms
action.
Native
exhibit
direct
effects
through
host‐guest
interactions,
enabling
selective
sequestration
pathogenic
components
such
cholesterol
crystals
proteins
drive
cascades.
Moreover,
chemically
modified
CD
derivatives
incorporating
functional
groups
enhanced
capabilities
in
neutralizing
mediators
modulating
immune
cell
responses.
work
further
discusses
expanding
applications
these
across
diverse
conditions,
ranging
from
tissue
injuries
to
autoimmune
disorders.
Finally,
this
critically
analyzes
crucial
challenges
opportunities
translating
CD‐based
macromolecular
therapies
into
clinical
practice,
addressing
key
considerations
biocompatibility,
targeted
delivery,
efficacy
optimization.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 7, 2025
The
relationship
between
alterations
in
brain
microstructure
and
dysbiosis
of
gut
microbiota
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
has
garnered
increasing
attention,
although
the
functional
implications
these
changes
are
not
yet
fully
elucidated.
This
research
examines
how
neuroinflammation,
systemic
inflammation,
interact
male
3
×
Tg-AD
B6129SF1/J
wild-type
(WT)
mice
at
6
months-old
(6-MO)
12
(12-MO).
Employing
a
combination
behavioral
assessments,
diffusion
kurtosis
imaging
(DKI),
profiling,
cytokine
analysis,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
immunohistochemistry,
we
explored
progression
AD-related
pathology.
Significant
memory
impairments
AD
both
assessed
ages
were
correlated
with
altered
DKI
parameters
that
suggest
neuroinflammation
microstructural
damage.
We
observed
elevated
levels
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
such
as
IL-1β,
IL-6,
TNFα,
IFN-γ,
serum,
which
associated
increased
activity
microglia
astrocytes
regions
critical
for
memory.
Although
analysis
did
reveal
significant
alpha
diversity,
it
show
notable
differences
beta
diversity
diminished
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
(F/B)
ratio
12-MO.
Furthermore,
reduction
six
kinds
SCFAs
identified
two
time
points
6-MO
12-MO,
indicating
widespread
disruption
microbial
metabolism.
These
findings
underscore
complex
bidirectional
inflammation
AD,
highlighting
gut-brain
axis
crucial
factor
progression.
study
emphasizes
potential
integrating
metrics,
SCFA
to
enhance
our
understanding
pathology
identify
new
therapeutic
targets.
Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17
Published: April 15, 2025
Telomere
shortening
represents
a
fundamental
mechanism
of
cellular
aging
potentially
implicated
in
neurodegenerative
processes.
This
study
investigated
the
complex
associations
among
leukocyte
telomere
length,
cardiovascular
risk
profiles,
and
APOE
polymorphisms
age-related
cognitive
decline.
Through
cross-sectional
analysis
90
participants
stratified
by
status
into
three
groups:
cognitively
unimpaired
(CU),
mild
impairment
(MCI),
Alzheimer’s
Disease
(AD),
we
quantified
relative
length
using
quantitative
PCR,
performed
genotyping
assessed
factors.
Quantitative
revealed
significantly
reduced
AD
group
compared
to
CU
MCI
groups.
Multivariate
regression
identified
as
an
independent
predictor
(
β
=
−0.468,
p
<
0.001).
ε4
carrier
showed
higher
prevalence
subjects
expected.
Cardiovascular
factors
demonstrated
no
significant
correlation
with
across
Our
findings
establish
robust
association
between
advanced
AD,
suggesting
potential
utility
biomarker.
relationship
appears
traditional
factors,
highlighting
complexity
mechanisms
neurodegeneration.
Macromolecular Bioscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 24, 2025
Abstract
Inflammation
is
an
essential
physiological
defense
mechanism
against
harmful
stimuli,
yet
dysregulated
inflammatory
responses
are
closely
associated
with
the
pathogenesis
of
numerous
acute
and
chronic
diseases.
Recent
advances
highlight
remarkable
anti‐inflammatory
potential
bioactive
macromolecules,
particularly
cyclodextrins
(CDs)
their
engineered
derivatives,
which
emerging
as
promising
therapeutic
agents.
This
review
systematically
introduces
different
CDs
CD‐derived
macromolecules
that
demonstrate
properties,
emphasis
on
molecular
mechanisms
action.
Native
exhibit
direct
effects
through
host‐guest
interactions,
enabling
selective
sequestration
pathogenic
components
such
cholesterol
crystals
proteins
drive
cascades.
Moreover,
chemically
modified
CD
derivatives
incorporating
functional
groups
enhanced
capabilities
in
neutralizing
mediators
modulating
immune
cell
responses.
work
further
discusses
expanding
applications
these
across
diverse
conditions,
ranging
from
tissue
injuries
to
autoimmune
disorders.
Finally,
this
critically
analyzes
crucial
challenges
opportunities
translating
CD‐based
macromolecular
therapies
into
clinical
practice,
addressing
key
considerations
biocompatibility,
targeted
delivery,
efficacy
optimization.
