Sex-specific differences in cardiovascular risk factors and implications for cardiovascular disease prevention in women

Atherosclerosis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 384, P. 117269 - 117269

Published: Sept. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in the genetic and molecular mechanisms of coronary artery disease

Atherosclerosis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 384, P. 117279 - 117279

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in vascular endothelial cells

Atherosclerosis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 384, P. 117278 - 117278

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

Endothelial cells are important constituents of blood vessels and play a critical role in vascular homeostasis. They do not only control the exchanges between surrounding tissues, but also essential regulating flow, modulating immune-cell trafficking controlling growth repair. dysfunction leads to cardiovascular diseases is characterized by deficiency secretion vasodilator molecules, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression adhesion molecules excretion proinflammatory cytokines. The sex hormones, estrogens, androgens progestogens, regulate endothelial functions. Because disease risk increases after menopause, it believed that female estrogens progestogens promote cell health function whereas androgens, male might be detrimental. However, as illustrated present review, picture simple. In addition, influences physiology independently hormones at genetic level.

Language: Английский

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Improving 10-year cardiovascular risk prediction in patients with type 2 diabetes with metabolomics

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Sex-Specific Associations of Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Subclinical Cardiac Remodeling: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, yet sex-specific risk factor influences remain understudied. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) detects early remodeling via left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio (LVMV), a validated concentricity marker. This study examines sex differences association CV factors, diet, and cardiac remodeling. We analyzed 622 age-matched adults (51% female, mean age 50.8 ± 9.5) from Courtois Signature Program. LVMV was defined as LV systolic mass divided by end-diastolic volume. Alcohol sugar intake self-rated on Likert scale. Mann-Whitney U regression analyses assessed associations between factors LVMV. Hypertension present 20.6% males 17.4% females; diabetes 9.8% 6.0%. Males had higher triglycerides, alcohol/sugar intake, (0.92 0.20 vs. 0.77 0.18 g/ml). correlated with both sexes (males: ß=0.099, p<0.001; females: ß=0.078, p<0.05), while triglycerides (ß=0.032, p<0.05) alcohol (H=19.41, p<0.0001) were male-specific predictors. In females, significantly associated (ß=0.102, ß=0.062, p<0.05). impact differently sex. males, linked to showed stronger associations. These results underscore need for tailored cardiovascular prevention strategies that account metabolic lifestyle factors.

Language: Английский

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Exploring associations between estrogen and gene candidates identified by coronary artery disease genome-wide association studies

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 20, 2025

Introduction Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death around world, with epidemiological sex and gender differences in prevalence, pathophysiology outcomes. It has been hypothesized that steroids, like estrogen, may contribute to these differences. There a relatively large genetic component developing CAD, heritability estimates ranging between 40%–60%. In last two decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have contributed substantially advancing understanding candidates contributing CAD. The aim this study was determine if genes discovered CAD GWASs are affected by estrogen via direct modulation or indirect down-stream targets. Methods A scoping review conducted using MEDLINE EMBASE for atherosclerotic coronary design. Analysis limited candidate corresponding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) surpassing significance had mapped authors. number sex-stratified analyses significant were quantified. literature search final gene lists done examine any evidence suggesting modulate and/or products. Results 60 eligible meeting inclusion criteria data extraction. Of 60, only 36 SNPs reported, 3 from genes. From studies, total 61 curated, which 26 (43%) found estrogen. All adjusted sex. 12/26 also analyses. classified as having role lipid synthesis, metabolism lipoprotein mechanisms, while 11/26 vascular integrity, 3/26 thrombosis. Discussion This provides further relationship risk development More research will need be characterize estrogen's relation pathology progression

Language: Английский

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Lipidomics and cardiovascular disease

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 167806 - 167806

Published: March 1, 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating innovative approaches for early detection and personalized interventions. Lipidomics, leveraging advanced mass spectrometry techniques, has become instrumental in deciphering lipid-mediated mechanisms CVDs. This review explores application lipidomics identifying biomarkers myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). examines technological advancements shotgun LC/MS, which provide unparalleled insights into lipid composition function. Key biomarkers, including ceramides lysophospholipids, have been linked to disease progression therapeutic outcomes. Integrating with genomic proteomic data reveals molecular underpinnings CVDs, enhancing risk prediction intervention strategies. positions as a transformative tool reshaping cardiovascular research clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Sexual dimorphism in the association of umbilical cord blood lipidome with abdominal fat in early childhood

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 13, 2025

Although the associations between cord blood lipidome and neonatal birth weight are established, it remains uncertain whether sexual dimorphism in fetal fat accumulation extends to relationship lipid profiles abdominal compartments. Understanding these relationships could provide insights into early sex-specific differences metabolism. We conducted lipidomics of umbilical plasma samples (350 (46.6%) girls 401 (53.4%) boys) from Growing Up Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. Abdominal compartments-superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (sSAT), deep SAT (dSAT), intra-abdominal (IAT)-were quantified by magnetic resonance imaging within 2 weeks 239 subjects. Linear regression models were used assess sex species associated with Newborn had significantly higher superficial volumes compared boys, whereas similar sexes. In pooled analysis, lipids showed distinct different depots: 38 sSAT, 4 dSAT, IAT. sex-stratified analyses, 13 sSAT 3 dSAT 45 boys but none girls. These primarily observed ether-linked phospholipids ceramides. Notably, no significant IAT either sex, suggesting depot-specific life. Our study reveals adiposity, patterns development metabolism

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in lipidomic and bile acid plasma profiles in patients with and without coronary artery disease

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: June 26, 2024

Abstract Background Lipids, including phospholipids and bile acids, exert various signaling effects are thought to contribute the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). Here, we aimed compare lipidomic acid profiles in blood patients with without CAD stratified by sex. Methods From 2015 2022, 3,012 who underwent angiography were recruited INTERCATH cohort. overall cohort, subgroups defined using patient characteristics such as vs. no CAD, 1st 3rd tertile LDL-c, female male Hereafter, a matching algorithm based on age, BMI, hypertension status, diabetes mellitus smoking Mediterranean diet score, intake statins, triglycerides, HDL-c hs-CRP 1:1 ratio was implemented. Lipidomic analyses stored samples Lipidyzer platform (SCIEX) analysis liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) carried out. Results A total 177 matched individuals analyzed; median ages 73.5 years (25th 75th percentile: 64.1, 78.2) 71.9 (65.7, 77.2) for females males respectively, 67.6 (58.3, 75.3) 69.2 (59.8, 76.8) respectively. Further baseline characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, balanced between groups. Women had decreased levels phosphatidylcholine diacylglycerol, while differences detected comparison those CAD. In contrast, concentrations secondary species glycolithocholic lithocholic acid, well altered specific lipids, compared Notably, low LDL-c significantly greater phospholipid species, particularly plasmalogens, high subgroup. Conclusions We present hypothesis-generating data sex-specific patterns patients. The suggest that lipid composition might and/or progression, helping understand different trajectories women men. Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04936438 , Unique identifier: NCT04936438.

Language: Английский

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Lipids and apolipoproteins and the risk of vascular disease and mortality outcomes in women and men with type 2 diabetes in the ADVANCE study

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Abstract Aim Whether apolipoproteins (apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, B/apolipoprotein A1 [ApoB/ApoA1] ratio) or very‐low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol are better risk predictors than established lipid markers, and whether there sex differences, is uncertain, both in general populations patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the association between macro‐ microvascular disease death a large women men diabetes potential differences associations. Materials Methods Established markers were studied 11 140 individuals type 2 from Action Diabetes Vascular Disease: Preterax Diamicron Modified‐Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial, (A1, ApoB/ApoA1 VLDL nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses biobanked samples 3586 included ADVANCE case‐cohort (ADVANCE CC). Primary outcomes major events death. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders used quantify associations (hazard ratio [HR] 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) outcomes. To address effect modification by sex, we investigated subgroup sex. Results There lower macrovascular complications high‐density (HDL) (HR [95%CI] 0.88 [0.82–0.95]), higher total (1.10 [1.04–1.17]), low‐density (LDL) (1.15 [1.08–1.22]), non‐HDL (1.13 [1.07–1.20]) cholesterol/HDL (1.20 [1.14–1.27]) but no significant triglycerides ADVANCE. [1.03–1.24]) CC. Only (1.19 [1.06–1.34]), none associated complications. statistically any outcome. Using C‐statistics net reclassification improvement (NRI) did not detect predicting all adding lipids confounding factors only. Conclusions/Interpretation All except triglycerides, complications, evidence that cardiovascular

Language: Английский

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