Particulate Matter Emission and Air Pollution Reduction by Applying Variable Systems in Tribologically Optimized Diesel Engines for Vehicles in Road Traffic

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 184 - 184

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Regardless of the increasingly intensive application vehicles with electric drives, internal combustion engines are still dominant as power units mobile systems in various sectors economy. In order to reduce emission exhaust gases and satisfy legal regulations, a temporary solution, hybrid drives optimized their associated being used. Application variable compression ratio diesel fuel injection timing, well tribological optimization parts, contribute reduction consumption, partly due mechanical losses, which, according test results, also results emissions. This manuscript presents engine testing on bench laboratory conditions at different operating modes (compression ratio, speed, load), which were processed using zero-dimensional model process. The should process from aspect minimal particulate matter emission. As special contribution, tests materials for strengthening sliding surface aluminum alloy piston cylinder air compressors, obtained tribometer, presented. this way, emissions thus friction, recorded wear that contact. it contributes harmful air.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity of airborne nanoparticles: Facts and challenges

Environment International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 190, P. 108889 - 108889

Published: July 18, 2024

Air pollution is one of the most severe environmental health hazards, and airborne nanoparticles (diameter <100 nm) are considered particularly hazardous to human health. They produced by various sources such as internal combustion engines, wood biomass burning, fuel natural gas combustion, their origin, among other parameters, determines intrinsic toxicity for reasons that not yet fully understood. Many constituents toxic or at least hazardous, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) heavy metal compounds, in addition gaseous pollutants present aerosol fraction, NOx, SO2, ozone. All these compounds can cause oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, inflammation lungs tissues, cellular organelles. Epidemiological investigations concluded may affect respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous systems. Moreover, particulate matter has been linked an increased risk lung cancer, a carcinogenic effect related DNA but inflammatory response pollutants, which release cytokines promotes proliferation pre-existing mutated cancer cells. The mechanisms behind be investigated experimentally using cell cultures animal models. Methods gathering have explored, standardized protocols needed ensure samples accurately represent chemical mixtures environment. Toxic studied models, designing realistic exposure settings challenging. air–liquid interface (ALI) system directly exposes cells, mimicking particle inhalation into lungs. Continuous research monitoring essential understanding effects developing active strategies mitigate risks

Language: Английский

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Exploring the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) in maritime medicine

Artificial Intelligence Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(4)

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract This narrative literature review has analyzed the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) in field maritime medicine. A comprehensive search was conducted academic databases using relevant terms, resulting identification 257 records. After screening for relevance quality, a final on 17 papers. highlights potential applications benefits AI AR enhancing medical practices safety measures seafarers. The technologies medicine shows promise providing real-time assistance, remote consultations, training, improved diagnostic capabilities. Additionally, AI-driven predictive models can aid early detection health issues support proactive management onboard ships. Challenges related to data privacy, connectivity at sea, need regulatory frameworks are also discussed. analysis reported this contributes better understanding current state future provide insights into opportunities further research implementation industry.

Language: Английский

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Exploring 3-D morphology and mechanical properties for the soot particles produced within a transient diesel reacting jet spray flame under diesel engine-like operating conditions by using atomic force microscopy (AFM)

Journal of the Energy Institute, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102067 - 102067

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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From innovation to application: safety concerns in nanomaterial implant coatings

Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 4

Published: March 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Measurement and Modeling of Ship-Related Ultrafine Particles and Secondary Organic Aerosols in a Mediterranean Port City

Toxics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 771 - 771

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Maritime transport emerges as a major source of ultrafine particle (UFP) pollution in coastal regions with consequences for the health people living port cities. Inhalation UFPs can cause inflammation and oxidative stress, which are starting points further diseases. In addition to primary particles, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) may form through photo-oxidation volatile compounds emitted ship exhaust. The characterization size-segregated chemical properties particles is essential assessing implications related shipping. We applied coupled regional-local chemistry modeling system study effects emissions on atmospheric concentrations UFP SOA Mediterranean city Marseille (France), characterized by combination high activity, industrialized emissions, active photochemistry summer. Our results show that average potential impact from local shipping area was 6-9% 27-51% total number concentration July 2020. estimated daily mean particulate matter lower than reported heavy fuel oil (HFO). this very likely due low share ships using HFO during stopover.

Language: Английский

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Toxicity assessment of airborne ultrafine particles: Role of transport emissions

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 963, P. 178435 - 178435

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Modelling of Nanoparticle Number Emissions from Road Transport—An Urban Scale Emission Inventory

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 417 - 417

Published: April 3, 2025

Atmospheric nanoparticles, due to their tiny size up 100 nanometres in diameter, have negligible mass and are better characterised by particle number concentration. nanoparticle numbers not regulated insufficient data availability, which emphasises the importance of this research. In paper, emissions estimated using emission factors (NPNEF) road traffic characteristics. Traffic flow fleet composition were Leeds Transport Model, showed that consisted 41% petrol cars, 43% diesel 9% LGV, 2% HGV, 4.5% buses coaches. Two approaches used for estimation: (a) a detailed model, required information on NPNEFs various vehicle types; (b) simple total single NPNEF mixed fleet. The estimations both models demonstrated strong correlation with each other values R, RMSE, FAC2, MB, 1, 2.77 × 1017, 0.95, −1.92 respectively. Eastern southern parts city experienced higher levels emissions. Future work will include fine-tuning inventory quantifying sources.

Language: Английский

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Multifaceted Roles of Biogenic Nanoparticles for Conferring Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 77(3)

Published: April 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Biological effects of brake wear particles in mammalian models: A systematic review

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 905, P. 167266 - 167266

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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