Reply on RC2 DOI Creative Commons
Xiao‐San Luo

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Abstract. The combustions of fuels, including oil, coal, and biomass, are main anthropogenic sources atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5), however, their discrepant contributions to health toxicity risks mixed ambient aerosol pollution dominated by respective emission intensity chemical compositions still unclear. In order explore the quantitative differences these combustion emissions, ten typical types each source PM2.5, i.e., vehicle exhaust, coal combustion, biomass burning, were collected laboratory simulated dilution channel sampler. Totally thirty type samples compared with monthly urban air PM2.5 samples, which characteristics biological effects investigated component analysis in vitro assays human lung epithelial cells (A549). Heavy metals more plentiful in from automobile while carbonaceous fraction was plenteous burning. overall cytotoxicity exhaust > different pathways triggers. gasoline/diesel relevant combination water-soluble components, but toxicogenic capacity mainly related high content heavy metals. All three categories toxic than should be independent contributors PM2.5. Associated apportionment results positive matrix factorization (PMF) model that contributed 27.7 %, 25.2 % 13.1 respectively, toxicological suggest priority emissions higher pollutants reduced preferentially for precise control ensuring public safety.

Language: Английский

Trends of source apportioned PM2.5 in Tianjin over 2013–2019: Impacts of Clean Air Actions DOI
Qili Dai, Jiajia Chen, Xuehan Wang

et al.

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 325, P. 121344 - 121344

Published: March 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Refining δ15N isotopic fingerprints of local NO for accurate source identification of nitrate in PM2.5 DOI Creative Commons
Hao Xiao,

Qinkai Li,

Shiyuan Ding

et al.

Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 196, P. 109317 - 109317

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Stable nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N) has proven to be a valuable tool for identifying sources of nitrates (NO3-) in PM2.5. However, the absence systematic study on δ15N values domestic NOx hinders accurate identification NO3- China. Here, we systematically determined and refined six categories Tianjin using an active sampling method. Moreover, PM2.5 were measured during pre-heating, mid-heating late-heating periods, which are most heavily polluted Tianjin. The results indicate that fingerprints types indicative regional characteristics China, particularly North China Plain. Bayesian isotope mixing (MixSIAR) model demonstrated coal combustion, biomass burning, vehicle exhaust collectively contributed more than 60 %, dominating periods failure consider signatures local could result overestimation contribution from natural gas combustion. Additionally, industrial sources, uncharacterized source previous studies, may directly fraction other being overestimated by 10 %. Notably, as number input increased, various was becoming stable, inter-influence between significantly reduced. This fingerprint effectively distinguish NO3-, thereby providing insights controlling pollution.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Nitrogen and oxygen isotope characteristics, formation mechanism, and source apportionment of nitrate aerosols in Wuhan, Central China DOI

Mengjie Deng,

Ci-Mou Wang,

Chunmian Yang

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 921, P. 170715 - 170715

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources DOI Creative Commons
Sarah Albertin, Joël Savarino,

Slimane Bekki

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1361 - 1388

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract. The oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic compositions of atmospheric nitrate (NO3-) are widely used as tracers its formation pathways, precursor (nitrogen oxides (NOx) ≡ nitric oxide (NO) + dioxide (NO2)) emission sources, physico-chemical processing. However, the lack observations on multi-isotopic composition NO2 perpetuates significant uncertainties regarding quantitative links between NOx NO3-, which ultimately may bias inferences about NO3- processes distribution particularly in winter urban atmospheres. We report here first simultaneous Δ17O δ15N (n=16) (n=14). measurements were carried out at sub-daily (∼3 h) resolution over 2 non-consecutive days an Alpine city February 2021. A strong diurnal signal is observed both composition. ranges from 19.6 ‰ to 40.8 18.3 28.1 ‰, respectively. During day night, variability Δ17O(NO2) mainly driven by oxidation NO ozone, with a substantial contribution peroxy radicals morning. mass balance equations, constrained Δ17O(NO2), suggest that during sampling, most was formed locally hydroxyl via heterogeneous hydrolysis dinitrogen pentoxide night. For second day, calculated Δ17O(NO3-) do not match, daytime values; possible effects Saharan dust event occurred this sampling period boundary layer dynamics discussed. −10.0 19.7 −4.2 14.9 Consistent theoretical predictions N isotope fractionation, δ15N(NO2) explained post-emission equilibrium fractionation. After accounting for effect, vehicle exhaust found be primary source emissions site. δ15N(NO3-) closely linked variability, bringing further support relatively fast local Uncertainties current fractionation factors conversion underlined. Overall, detailed investigation highlights potential necessity simultaneously using order better constrain sources chemistry environments winter.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Quantification of NO sources contribution to ambient nitrate aerosol, uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis in a megacity DOI
Wenhui Zhang,

Fuliang Wu,

Xi Luo

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 926, P. 171583 - 171583

Published: March 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Significant Changes of δ15N-NOx in Diesel Vehicle Emissions with Emission Standards and Cumulative Mileage: Insight into Isotope-Based NOx Source Analysis DOI
Weijie Huang, Xingnan Ye, Xiaofei Wang

et al.

ACS ES&T Air, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Variations in Rural PM2.5 Sources and Composition in the Post Coal-to-Gas Period Based on a Three-Year Observation DOI Creative Commons
Zhi Ning, Zhiyong Li,

Jihong Wei

et al.

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1-4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Introduction Various studies were conducted focused on the coal-to-gas (CTG) impacts urban PM 2.5 during its implementation. However, continuity of CTG effectiveness control in post remained unclear, especially rural area, retarding further emission-control policy optimization. To address this gap, we examined wintertime variations within Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei non-epidemic-lockdown period winter 2020–2022. Of which, 2020 holds most stringent enforcement, 2021 marks conclusion CTG, and 2022 represents CTG. Methods In study, levels areas region monitored winters 2020, 2021, 2022. Meanwhile, multiple chemical analysis methods employed to determine components. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analyze contributions different sources . Results Discussion exhibited an average decrease 30.4%, PMF indicated coal combustion (CC) fell from 22.4% 17.8% 10.8% by 2022, highlighting enduring effectiveness. continuously decreasing CC-specific As, Pb, SO 4 2– was another evidence for scattered prohibition. Reluctantly, biomass burning (BB) held higher increase 17.2% 2021–2022 than 8.86% 2020–2021, it has leapt be largest contributor (25.4%) natural gas shortage subsidy reduction as well man, forced demolition coal-stoves should main inducements. Contrary recent upward trend secondary aerosols, , NO 3 – NH + showed a downward trend, with annual dropped 52.6%, 23.4%, 53.8%, respectively. This ascribed enhanced primary emissions BB vehicle exhaust (VE). Increments VE fraction might related gradually unblocking COVID-19. Correspondingly, fractions BB-dependent K /Cl VE-specific Cu/Zn/NO obviously rose Conclusions work highlighted that priorities given emission BB, guarantee supply certain financial subsidies basis retaining original pollution policies, air quality improvement period. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dual isotopic evidence of δ15N and δ18O for priority control of vehicle emissions in a megacity of East China: Insight from measurements in summer and winter DOI
Weijie Huang, Xingnan Ye,

Zhixiao Lv

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 931, P. 172918 - 172918

Published: April 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Diurnal dithiothreitol assays for biomass burning source in PM1.0 and PM2.5 during summer and winter DOI

Myoungki Song,

Jinsoo Choi, Sea-Ho Oh

et al.

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 313, P. 120033 - 120033

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Continental Emissions Influence the Sources and Formation Mechanisms of Marine Nitrate Aerosols in Spring Over the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea Inferred From Stable Isotopes DOI
Zhuyu Zhao, Yanlin Zhang, Yu‐Chi Lin

et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 129(5)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract The influence of continental emissions on the origin and formation mechanisms atmospheric particulate nitrate (ρ‐NO 3 − ) aerosols in marine boundary layer remains unclear. Here, synchronous observations nitrogen isotope ratios ( δ 15 N–NO oxygen anomaly (Δ 17 O–NO ρ‐NO were conducted across Yellow Sea Bohai Eastern China. Nitrate concentrations, Δ exhibited a pronounced north‐to‐south latitudinal gradient. Combined with backward air mass trajectory analysis, high concentration isotopic characteristics northern sea area found to be affected by outflow near China while low values southern more related oceanic inflow. Stable analysis R (SIAR) indicated that area, radicals (NO reacted hydrocarbons (HC) or dimethyl sulfides (DMS) pathway + HC/DMS) played leading role production, whereas NO 2 OH dominated area. seas originated mainly from oxides x = , gaseous precursor nitrate) emitted sources, especially coal combustion biomass burning. While closer seas, proportion generated environment (from ship biogenic emissions) increased. Overall, differential relative contributions chemistry sources lead spatial distribution concentrations over Seas.

Language: Английский

Citations

2