Emerging Passive Cooling Technologies and Their Multidisciplinary Applications: An Integrative Review

International Journal of Energy Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The persistent rise in temperature driven by the emission of greenhouse gases presents a pressing contemporary challenge, fostering innovative cooling techniques. Currently, passive technologies have gained attention various research fields for their effectiveness combating heat accumulation. Compared to traditional active methods, which rely on electricity or other energy sources, significantly reduces consumption and demand. These demonstrated potential reductions ~1°C–24°C, translating substantial savings about 2–300 kWh/year. This paper uses an integrative review approach highlight fundamental principles design strategies underlying technologies, such as phase change materials, radiative cooling, evaporative cooling. Special emphasis is placed implementation, from preserving biological materials buildings, electronics, personal clothing. Passive methods offer cost over time due lower maintenance operational costs potentially simpler designs.

Language: Английский

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Temporal and spatial changes of extreme precipitation and its related large-scale climate mechanisms in the arid region of Northwest China during 1961–2022

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 133182 - 133182

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Review article: Drought as a continuum – memory effects in interlinked hydrological, ecological, and social systems

Natural hazards and earth system sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 3173 - 3205

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Abstract. Droughts are often long-lasting phenomena, without a distinct start or end and with impacts cascading across sectors systems, creating long-term legacies. Nevertheless, our current perceptions management of droughts their event-based, which can limit the effective assessment drought risks reduction impacts. Here, we advocate for changing this perspective viewing as hydrological–ecological–social continuum. We take systems theory focus on how “memory” causes feedback interactions between parts interconnected at different timescales. first discuss characteristics continuum hydrological, ecological, social separately, then study system systems. Our analysis is based review literature five cases: Chile, Colorado River basin in USA, northeast Brazil, Kenya, Rhine northwest Europe. find that memories past dry wet periods, carried by both bio-physical (e.g. groundwater, vegetation) people, governance), influence future risk manifests. identify four archetypes dynamics: impact recovery, slow resilience building, gradual collapse, high resilience–big shock. The result shifting these types, plays out differently case studies. call more research preconditions recovery dynamics triggering changes, dynamic vulnerability maladaptation. Additionally, continuous monitoring hazards impacts, modelling tools better incorporate adaptation responses, strategies increase societal institutional memory. This will help us to deal complex pathways mitigation.

Language: Английский

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Review article: Drought as a continuum: memory effects in interlinked hydrological, ecological, and social systems

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract. Droughts are often long lasting phenomena, without a distinct start or end, and with impacts cascading across sectors systems, creating long-term legacies. Nevertheless, our current perception management of droughts their is event-based, which can limit the effective assessment drought risks reduction impacts. Here, we advocate for changing this perspective viewing as hydro-eco-social continuum. We take systems theory focus on how “memory” causes feedback interactions between parts interconnected at different time scales. first discuss characteristics continuum hydrological, ecological, social separately; then study system systems. Our analysis based review literature five cases: Chile, Colorado River Basin in US, Northeast Brazil, Kenya, Rhine Northwest Europe. find that memories past dry wet periods, carried by both bio-physical (e.g. groundwater, vegetation) people, governance), influence future risk manifests. identify four archetypes dynamics: Impact & recovery; Slow resilience-building; Gradual collapse; High resilience, big shock. The ecological result shifting these types, plays out differently case studies. call more research pre-conditions recovery dynamics triggering changes, dynamic vulnerability maladaptation. Additionally, argue continuous monitoring hazards impacts, modelling tools better incorporate adaptation responses, strategies increase institutional memory to deal complex pathways adaptation.

Language: Английский

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The response of cereal crop production to climate variability in Botswana: An ARDL model analysis

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 8, 2025

Climate variability threatens cereal crop production in the Global South countries, such as Botswana. This study aims to examine associations between climate and Botswana at a national level, focusing more on temperature. The employs time series data from 1969 2020, along with autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) vector autoregression exogenous variable models (VARX) determine Botswana’s most cultivated crops, maize, sorghum. variables used are seasonal maximum surface air temperature, minimum precipitation, dry/wet season defined through standardized precipitation index. ARDL estimations show that maize is negatively associated temperatures positively wet long run. Sorghum dry season, Results of VARX model relationship temperature both crops not statistically significant. climatic might indicate future focus should be sorghum heat-tolerant varieties. Further research physiological morphological reactions two may needed. assist formulating policies aimed reducing losses projected variations future.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the influence of improved horizontal resolution on extreme precipitation in Southern Africa major river basins: insights from CMIP6 HighResMIP simulations

Climate Dynamics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(8), P. 8099 - 8120

Published: July 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Historical and Future Mean and Extreme Precipitation Over Sub‐Saharan Africa Using NEX‐GDDP‐CMIP6: Part I—Evaluation of Historical Simulation

International Journal of Climatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(2)

Published: Dec. 5, 2024

ABSTRACT This study assesses the performance of 28 NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Climate Projections (NEX‐GDDP‐CMIP6) models and their multi‐model ensemble (MME) in simulating mean extreme precipitation across sub‐Saharan Africa from 1985 to 2014. The Multi‐Source Weighted‐Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP) Hazards Group InfraRed with Station Data (CHIRPS) are used as reference datasets. Various statistical metrics such bias (MB), spatial correlation coefficients (SCCs), Taylor skill scores (TSS) comprehensive ranking index (CRI) employed evaluate NEX‐GDDP‐CMIP6 at both annual seasonal scales. Results show that can reproduce observed cycle all subregions, model spread within observational uncertainties. MME also successfully reproduces distribution precipitation, achieving SCCs TSSs greater than 0.8 subregions. biases consistent different However, most trends opposite observations. While generally its varies dataset, particularly for number rainy days (RR1) maximum consecutive dry (CDD). TSS values indices differ significantly by region, data index, lowest over South Central highest West Southern Africa. CRI indicates no single consistently outperforms others even same when compared MSWEP CHIRPS. These results may be helpful using future projections impact assessment studies

Language: Английский

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Associations between Climate Variability and Livestock Production in Botswana: A Vector Autoregression with Exogenous Variables (VARX) Analysis

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 363 - 363

Published: March 16, 2024

The changing climate has a serious bearing on agriculture, particularly livestock production in Botswana. Therefore, studying the relationship between and livestock, which at present is largely missing, necessary for proper formulation of government policy interventions. This critical promoting adoption relevant mitigation strategies by farmers, thereby increasing resilience. aim this research to establish associations variability Botswana national level. paper employs time series data from 1970 2020 Vector Autoregression with Exogenous Variables (VARX) model statistical analysis. trend shows that both cattle goat populations are decreasing. VARX results reveal negatively associated maximum temperatures. Cattle respond increased minimum temperatures as well, while goats tend positively, implying species react differently climatic conditions due their distinct features. roots companion matrix meet stability condition all eigenvalues lie inside unit circle. study recommends further intervention deal temperatures, addressing dwindling cattle, have significant contributions household economies smallholders economy, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Interaction of black carbon surface mass with meteorological variables and spatial pattern across the 36 states of tropical Nigeria

Remote Sensing Applications Society and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35, P. 101227 - 101227

Published: May 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Assessing the impacts of climate and land cover change on groundwater recharge in a semi-arid region of Southern India

Theoretical and Applied Climatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 155(8), P. 7147 - 7163

Published: June 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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