Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(7)
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Within Indigenous territories in the Amazon—particularly a >5 million square kilometer area collectively known as Legal Amazon or Amazônia Legal, where more than half of Brazilian population resides—deforestation and wildfires pose major threats to biodiversity cultural survival native peoples (Vieira da Silva 2024). Illegal activities such logging mineral extraction, which are often driven by economic interests that disregard legally guaranteed territorial rights communities, exacerbate these thereby further adversely impact integrity region. Environmental degradation not only impairs traditional lifestyles communities but also intensifies global, regional, local drivers contributing climate change (Soares-Filho et al. 2010; Estrada 2022). Climate extremes have amplified frequency intensity, risks populations environments concurrently expanded. Given this complex picture dynamic physical changes interacting with diverse social dimensions over time, forecasting potentially exacerbated risk climate-related disasters becomes an important scientific challenge (Antunes 2016; de Souza The region's vulnerability extreme climatic conditions human disturbances, deforestation wildfires, remains poorly understood despite increased research efforts. This knowledge gap presents substantial risks, compounded hydrological stress disrupts plant physiological processes regional dynamics. Of impacted Brazil from 2001 2023, 75% occurred within states Amazonas, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Pará, corresponding increases burned areas rates 45%, respectively, primarily between 2010 2020 (da 2023). In addition, decline rainfall during 22-year period Amazon's cycle, critical maintaining continental stability (Nobre Santos Recent droughts highlighted system's fragility, underscoring urgent need for comprehensive assessments its resilience anthropogenic prevent mitigate catastrophic losses ecosystem services provision food fresh water (Ottoni Addressing challenges requires sophisticated localized strategies account ecological heterogeneity. Immediate coordinated governmental actions crucial, particularly collaboration territories. Establishing effective monitoring systems partnership is imperative fully comprehend impacts land-use land-cover on dynamics, well their hydroclimatic, ecological, conservation implications populations. Data obtained should inform public policy Amazon. Implementing collaborative governmental-Indigenous approach represents delicate balance essential tailor maintain forest health stability. At August 2023 summit Belém, representatives eight Amazonian countries—Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela—emphasized authorities' commitment environmental stewardship. Despite criticisms modest ambitions, Belém Declaration established vital framework future efforts sustainable development (Peña-Claros Nobre Effective implementation agreements like one will require detailed analysis clear strategic plan. success preservation relies sustained international support collaboration, importance global interconnectedness shaping policies. Furthermore, pooling financial resources various countries could substantially boost funding For example, establishment protected land protection has been principal strategy controlling However, remain largely unfunded ill-protected, failing achieve intended goals, (2017), Pörtner (2023), Soares-Filho (2023). Enhancing manage underscored inadequate discussions at Belém. A thorough existing cooperation mechanisms, intergovernmental Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) UN Framework Convention Change's REDD+ initiatives aimed reducing emissions degradation, imperative. Emphasizing capacity-building frameworks can enhance effectiveness, reinforce operational capacity, help address complicated management (de Importantly, municipalities play role context, they forefront executing initiatives. Often, infractions illegal originate located, making governance pivotal factor Acknowledging strengthening municipal involvement bridge national policies actions, conservation. marked decrease carbon stocks region outsized climate-change direct implications, given potential value decarbonization credits reach up US$29.36 (Feitosa lands extend beyond immediate damage, profoundly affecting livelihoods directly impacting bioeconomy. must be studied extinction. Collective approaches incorporate academic provide insights benefit many stakeholders, ensuring respect leverage deep-rooted understanding ecosystems. promoting both retention welfare most effectively achieved those large portion territory consists lands, several Amapá, Roraima. Successful fulfills goals generates sufficient revenue robust economies (Dias 2016). summary, safeguarding addresses interactions conservation, resource management, mitigation. grounded multidisciplinary research, across environmental, economic, science domains. Only through scientifically oriented we preserve peoples. These invaluable assets recognizing historical significance peoples, preserving current environment,
Language: Английский